Edimilson Volpe

Forage accumulation and plant and soil characteristics according to soil base saturation, rates of phosphorus and nitrogen in the establishment of massaigrass.

It was carried out an experiment to test four levels of soil base saturation (20, 40, 60, and 80%), four rates of phosphorus (0, 80, 160, and 240 kg/ha of P2O5) and four rates of nitrogen (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg/ha) during the phase of establishment of Panicum maximum cv Massai, in an Oxisol of Brazilian Cerrado. The experimental design was a randomized uncompleted block, in fractionated factorial type (1/2)43, with four blocks and two replications. Two cuts along 200 days were performed. The evaluated aspects were green dry matter yield (GDM), soil fertility changes, concentration of macronutrients in diagnostic leaves, crude protein (CP) concentration and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD). It was verified that GDM yield responded mainly to phosphorus (P) fertilization and, in second place, to soil base saturation (V). The nitrogen (N) did not present significant effect in GDM yield. The P rate for highest physical yield was 237 kg/ha and the economical rate was 185 kg/ha, both in 39% of V in the soil. Soil fertility improved with the V and P increment. The concentration of macronutrients in diagnostic leaves increased with the increment of V, P, and N. It was verified high percentage of leaves in GDM and suitable IVOMD and CP concentration in the GDM of leaves. IVOMD and CP increased significantly with N fertilization and increment of V.

Renovação de pastagem degradada com calagem, adubação e leguminosa consorciada em Neossolo Quartzarênico

The degradation is considered to be the major problem of cultivated pastures in the Cerrado. In Quartzipsament, an experiment was conducted to evaluate several degraded pasture recovering treatments of Brachiaria decumbens , introducing Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu. The treatments were: Witness; Liming; Liming + P; Liming + ½(PK); Liming + PK. Liming + PK + Micronutrients; Liming + PK + Micronutrients + Legume. The experimental design was that of randomized blocks with four replications. Three cuts in a 325 days period were done and, in the end, the evaluation of roots production and soil chemical analysis. All renovation systems differed from the witness and some of them differed among themselves in terms of dry mass of aerial portion, with emphasis to the legume treatment. The roots production was significantly greater in three treatments when compared to the witness. Significant increases in the nutrient levels and soil pH were verified, in function of lime and fertilization application

Biomass accumulation and chemical composition of Massai grass intercropped with forage legumes on an integrated crop-livestock-forest system

The objective was to evaluate the use of woody legumes (Albizia lebbeck, Cratylia argentea, Dipteryx Allata (Baru), a Leucaena hybrid (L. leucocephala + L. diversifolia), and Leucaena leucocephalacv. Cunningham) and herbaceous legumes (Arachis pintoi) intercropped with Panicum maximum cv. Massai, simultaneously implanted in a maize crop. The study made use of a randomized block experimental design with four replications. Assessments of biomass accumulation and forage nutritional value were made after the maize harvest, between June 2008 and October 2010. It was found that the residues of maize provided better growing conditions for Massai grass during the dry season. L. leucocephala cv. Cunningham and the Leucaena hybrid had the highest accumulation of all forage legumes evaluated, and provided the best nutritional value of all the arrangements tested. Of all woody legumes tested in this system, Leucaena was considered feasible for intercropping with Massai grass. The intercrop of perennial woody Baru with maize is not recommended. Albizia lebbeck and Cratylia argentea require further study, especially the yield assessment at different cutting intervals and cutting heights. Arachis pintoi had a low participation in the intercropping, showing greater performance over time, indicating slow thriving in this experimental condition.

Degraded pasture recovering with liming, fertilization, and associated legume in Quartzipsament.

The degradation is considered to be the major problem of cultivated pastures in the Cerrado. In Quartzipsament, an experiment was conducted to evaluate several degraded pasture recovering treatments of Brachiaria decumbens , introducing Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu. The treatments were: Witness; Liming; Liming + P; Liming + ½(PK); Liming + PK. Liming + PK + Micronutrients; Liming + PK + Micronutrients + Legume. The experimental design was that of randomized blocks with four replications. Three cuts in a 325 days period were done and, in the end, the evaluation of roots production and soil chemical analysis. All renovation systems differed from the witness and some of them differed among themselves in terms of dry mass of aerial portion, with emphasis to the legume treatment. The roots production was significantly greater in three treatments when compared to the witness. Significant increases in the nutrient levels and soil pH were verified, in function of lime and fertilization application

Recuperação de pasto de capim-braquiária com correção e adubação de solo e estabelecimento de leguminosas

This study aimed to determine the best combination for recovery pasture Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk using seven treatments which consisted of braquiaria grass without intervention (without correction of soil and fertilizer), the braquiaria grass fertilized with phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) without nitrogen (N) , the braquiaria grass fertilized with P, K and N, and consortia with: Arachis pintoi + Stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande; Stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande; Calopogonium mucunoides + Neonotonia wightii and N. wightii. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. Six cuts by treatment were performed to verify the biomass accumulation, morphological composition and analysis of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid, lignin and in vitro digestibility. The liming and fertilization with P and K provided forage accumulation significantly higher of the braquiaria grass without intervention. However, the highest accumulation was obtained in consortia with mixture of forage legumes, which did not differ from braquiaria grass fertilized with N, demonstrating the feasibility of using the largest consortia with more than one species of legume. The leaves of U. decumbens showed, in general, better nutritional value when intercropped with legumes. The use of herbaceous legumes in pasture recovery braquiaria grass degraded without the use of nitrogen fertilizers is not only viable, it favors the accumulation of forage and quality of the grass, especially the mixture of legumes. Nitrogen fertilization increases the productivity of the grass, but provides a lower leaf / stem ratio and its components have a low fiber digestibility of forage.