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Differentiating the levels of risk for muscle dysmorphia among Hungarian male weightlifters: a factor mixture modeling approach.

Muscle dysmorphia (MD) is a body image disturbance characterized by a pathological preoccupation with muscularity. The study aimed to differentiate the levels of risk for MD among weightlifters and to define a tentative cut-off score for the Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale (MASS) for the identification of high risk MD cases. Hungarian male weightlifters (n=304) completed the MASS, the Exercise Addiction Inventory, and specific exercise and body image related questions. For the differentiation of MD, factor mixture modeling was performed, resulting in three independent groups: low-, moderate-, and high risk MD groups. The estimated prevalence of high risk MD in this sample of weightlifters was 15.1%. To determine a cut-off score for the MASS, sensitivity and specificity analyses were performed and a cut-off point of 63 was suggested. The proposed cut-off score for the MASS can be useful for the early detection of high risk MD.

Dohányzói életutak magyar serdülők körében

Absztrakt: Bevezetes: A serdulőkori dohanyzoi eletutak jellemzőinek ismerete elengedhetetlen a hatekony dohanyzasprevencios programok tervezesehez. Celkitűzes: Longitudinalis vizsgalattal azonositani a serdulők cigarettahasznalatanak valtozasait, valamint a dohanyzoi eletutak alakulasaban szerepet jatszo kockazati tenyezőket. Modszer: Haromeves, evenkenti adatgyűjtessel folytatott kutatasunkat nagyvarosi serdulők (n = 1092) ket eletkori kohorszaban (6. es 9. iskolai evfolyam) vegeztuk, onkitoltős kerdőives modszerrel. A cigarettahasznalati adatok alapjan ot dohanyzoi eletutcsoportot hataroztunk meg. Eredmenyek: A minta 67,5%-a megőrizte nem dohanyzo magatartasat, 11,3%-a mindvegig dohanyzott, 14,3%-a raszokott, 3,3%-a leszokott, 3,7%-a kiserletező maradt. Az egyes dohanyzoi eletutcsoportba tartozok jelentősen kulonboztek egymastol a cigarettazo baratok szama, szulői dohanyzas, csaladszerkezet, tanulmanyi eredmeny es heti zsebpenz kiindulasi vizsgalatban tapasztalt jellemzői alapjan. Kovetkeztetesek: A ser...

Effects of a single aerobic exercise session on body image

Background and Objectives Most research on the effects of exercise on body image has concentrated on the benefits of regular exercise. However, some research has indicated that exercise has an immediate impact on body image. The aims of this study were to investigate the immediate effects of aerobic exercise in a fitness class and the at-home environment on body image, and to examine the impact of nutritional status (i.e., normal weight vs. overweight/obesity) and exercise addiction on these changes. Method 322 Hungarian women participated in the study with two different environmental conditions, fitness class condition (N = 155) and at-home video condition (N = 167). They completed the Body Appreciation Scale and Exercise Addiction Inventory before and after a one-hour aerobic exercise session. Self-report data on weight, height and exercise frequency were also collected. Results There were no significant differences between the fitness class and video groups in terms of age, educational level, BMI, body...

Az evési magatartás súlycsökkentő kezelés alatt álló páciensek körében

Background and purpose Eating behaviors play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of excess weight. The aim of the study was to explore the predictors and changes in eating behaviors among overweight and obese patients. Methods The sample of the 6-month prospective survey consisted of patients who participated in the inpatient weight loss treatment program in the Lipidological Department of the Szent Imre Hospital (baseline: N=339, 19% men; follow-up: N=175, 16% men). The mean age was 50.2 years (SD=13.47), the mean BMI was 38.6 (SD=7.58) at baseline. Measures: self-reported anthropometric data, Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire Revised 21-Items, CES-D Depression Scale. Results According to the results of Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes analysis, older age predicted greater cognitive restraint (b=0.12, p=0.047). Women were more prone to emotional eating than men (b=0.21, p<0.001). Higher levels of education predicted greater uncontrolled eating (b=0.16, p=0.007) and emotional eating (b=0.12, p=0.039). Depression showed a positive relationship with emotional eating (b=0.19, p=0.001), and mediated the relationship between gender and emotional eating (b=0.04, p=0.009), and BMI and emotional eating (b=0.03, p=0.015). Those whose weight loss was at least 5% showed a greater improvement in the eating behaviors than those whose weight loss was below 5% (cognitive restraint: t(168)=-4.765, p<0.001, uncontrolled eating: t(168)=-2.442, p=0.016, and emotional eating: Z=-2.011, p=0.044). Conclusion Results reveal certain determinants of eating behaviors that enhance or obstruct successful long term weight loss and highlight the role of eating behavior changes in weight loss. These mark intervention points for the optimization of results achievable by weight loss treatments.

Adult attachment and parental bonding in irritable bowel syndrome and in panic disorder - Implications for psychotherapy, A felnőttkori kötődési és a szülői bánásmód az irritábilis bél szindrómában és pánikzavarban - Pszichoterápiás implikációk

Background and purpose Attachment theory provides an integrative perspective about the interplay between cognitive, affective, behavioral and interpersonal processes and is relevant for understanding irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and panic disorder (PD). The aim of the present study was to examine the adult attachment style and parental bonding of IBS and PD patients. Methods In a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study, 65 PD and 65 IBS patients with clinical diagnosis participated. Measures were Attachment Style Questionnaire, Experiences in Close Relationships Scale - Revised, and Parental Bonding Instrument. Results The frequencies of insecure attachment (80.0% vs. 63.1%) and paternal neglect (35.4% vs. 16.9%) were higher in IBS than in PD (χ2 (1)=4.571, p=0.033, and χ2 (3)=7.831, p=0.050, respectively). The frequency of secure attachment was significantly higher for optimal paternal bonding than with suboptimal paternal bonding (75.0% vs. 21.9%, χ2 (1)=19.408, p<0.001). According to the results of multiple binary logistic analysis, optimal paternal bonding predicted secure attachment after adjusting for the background variables (OR=9.26, p=0.001). Conclusion A high frequency of insecure attachment was present in both groups, especially in IBS. With regard to maternal bonding, IBS and PD groups showed similar patterns, while an apparent difference was observed for paternal bonding. These highlighted the developmental similarities of these two, symptomatically different disorders. While optimal maternal bonding did not predict adult attachment security, paternal bonding did thus replete with therapeutic implications. Attachment functions, like responsiveness, attunement and affection modulation were apparent in the psychotherapist-patient relationship as well.

A Megjelenéssel Kapcsolatos Szociokulturális Attitűdök Kérdőív hazai alkalmazásával szerzett tapasztalatok

Absztrakt Elmeleti hatter: A multifaktorialis etiologiai hatterrel rendelkező eveszavarok szociokulturalis magyarazoelmeletei nagy szerepet tulajdonitanak a megjelenessel kapcsolatos szociokulturalis hatasoknak es a megjelenes szociokulturalisan meghatarozott standardjai internalizaciojanak. Cel: A vizsgalat celja a Megjelenessel Kapcsolatos Szociokulturalis Attitűdok Kerdőiv (Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 — SATAQ-3; Thompson es mtsai, 2004) magyar nyelvű valtozata faktorstrukturajanak tesztelese es a megjelenessel kapcsolatos szociokulturalis attitűdok egyes testkepzavarokkal valo kapcsolatanak egy komplex modell kereteben tortenő felmerese volt. Modszerek: A keresztmetszeti, kerdőives kutatas resztvevői gimnazista lanyok es főiskolai hallgatonők voltak (n = 198, atlageletkor: 18,7 ev, szoras = 2,82 ev). Merőeszkozok: onbeszamolo utjan nyert testtomeg es testmagassag, SATAQ-3, Evesi Zavar Kerdőiv. Eredmenyek: A SATAQ-3 kerdőiv konfirmativ faktoranalizise nem zarult kielegitő ...

Az evészavarok egy lehetséges kockázati tényezője: a szülők megjelenéssel kapcsolatos elvárásai

Absztrakt Elmeleti hatter: A kulső megjelenes szociokulturalisan meghatarozott idealjai es az ezek eleresere iranyulo tarsadalmi nyomas az eveszavarok multifaktorialis etiologiajaban a prediszponalo tenyezők koze tartoznak. Cel: A kutatas celja a kulső megjelenessel kapcsolatos, a serdulők altal eszlelt szociokulturalis hatasok es az eveszavarok kozotti kapcsolat vizsgalata volt hazai serdulőmintan. Modszerek: A keresztmetszeti kerdőives kutatasban 9—13. osztalyos, Budapesten tanulo kozepiskolas diakok vettek reszt (n = 173; 42,8% fiu; atlageletkor: 17,8 ev, szoras = 1,14 ev, terjedelem: 15—20 ev). Merőeszkozok: onbeszamoloval nyert testsuly es -magassag, Szociokulturalis Hatasok Kerdőiv, Evesi Zavar Kerdőiv, Eveszavartunetek Sulyossagi Skalaja, Rosenberg-fele Onertekeles Skala, Vonasszorongas Skala gyermekvaltozata. Eredmenyek: Osszessegeben 24 resztvevő (14,0%) eseteben jelent meg az eveszavar kockazata, es a lanyok koreben tendenciaszinten nagyobb gyakorisaggal fordult elő, mint a fiuknal [18,2% vs. 8,...

The European Initiative ProYouth for the Promotion of Mental Health and the Prevention of Eating Disorders* Screening Results in Hungary

OBJECTIVE The ProYouth programme focuses on the promotion of mental health and the prevention of eating disorders (EDs) among young people. The aim of our study was to explore whether the programme can address individuals who are at risk for developing 2EDs. METHOD This study is designed as an online cross-sectional survey (n = 664, 12.2% men, 87.8% women, mean age: 24.9 years, SD = 5.4 years, range: 18-40 years). Measures included demographic data, self-reported weight and height, the Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression and Anxiety, Short Evaluation of Eating Disorders, Weight Concerns Scale and previous/current treatment for EDs. RESULTS In terms of severity of EDs, 22.9% (n = 152) of the screened participants were symptom free, 48.8% (n = 324) had considerable concerns about their weight, 11.1% (n = 74) were slightly impaired, 15.1% (n = 100) had severe impairment and 2.1% (n = 14) of participants are currently under treatment for EDs. In total, 56.3% of users (n = 374) registered in the programme. According to our results, those who had considerable concerns about their weight and individuals who were severely impaired registered with a greater odds to the programme than those who were symptom free [odds ratio (OR) = 1.64, p = .021 and OR = 1.90, p = .023, respectively]. Furthermore, those who previously received treatment for their ED registered to the programme with greater odds than those who did not (OR = 2.40, p = .017). CONCLUSION ProYouth successfully addressed those who have elevated concerns about their weight and who also registered with greater odds to the programme than those who were symptom free regarding EDs. The screening results show that there is a greater need for specialized care targeting EDs in Hungary than what is currently available.