Eduardo Saad

Características dos primeiros casos de microcefalia possivelmente relacionados ao vírus Zika notificados na Região Metropolitana de Recife, Pernambuco

OBJETIVO: describir los primeros casos de microcefalia en nacidos vivos reportados al Departamento de Salud del Estado de Pernambuco, en la region metropolitana de Recife, Pernambuco, 2015. METODOS: estudio epidemiologico descriptivo de serie de casos (reportados de 1 de agosto a 31 de octubre de 2015), con datos obtenidos de registros medicos y cuestionarios aplicados a las madres. RESULTADOS: 40 casos fueron confirmados con microcefalia, en ocho municipios de la region metropolitana de Recife, con mayor concentracion de casos en Recife (n=12); la circunferencia media de la cabeza fue 29 cm, perimetro toracico 31 cm y peso 2.628 gramos; examenes revelaron que 21/25 casos mostraron calcificacion, dilatacion ventricular o lisencefalia; de las 40 madres, 27 (68%) informan exantema durante la gestacion, 20 (74%) en el primer trimestre y siete (26%) en la segunda, ademas de prurito, dolor de cabeza, mialgia y ausencia de fiebre. CONCLUSION: la mayoria de los casos presenta caracteristicas de infeccion congenita; la mayoria de las madres mostro caracteristicas que sugieren infeccion por el virus Zika en el embarazo.OBJECTIVE to describe the first cases of microcephaly possibly related to Zika virus in live born babies reported in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil. METHODS this was a descriptive case series study (cases reported between August 1st and October 31st 2015), using medical record data and data from a questionnaire answered by the mothers of the babies. RESULTS 40 microcephaly cases were confirmed, distributed in eight municipalities within the Metropolitan Region, with Recife itself having the highest concentration of cases (n=12); median head circumference was 29 cm, median chest girth was 31 cm and median weight was 2,628 grams; 21/25 cases had brain calcification, ventriculomegaly or lissencephaly; 27 of the 40 mothers reported rash during pregnancy, 20 in the first trimester and 7 in the second trimester, as well as itching, headache, myalgia and absence of fever. CONCLUSION the majority of the cases bore the characteristics of congenital infection; the clinical condition of the majority of mothers suggested Zika virus infection during pregnancy.

Descrição dos primeiros casos de febre pelo vírus Zika investigados em municípios da região Nordeste do Brasil, 2015

OBJECTIVE to confirm Zika virus circulation and discard other etiological agents in an outbreak occurred in the states of Rio Grande do Norte, Maranhão and Paraíba, in May, 2015. METHODS this is a case series descriptive study with residents in Natal-RN, Barra do Corda-MA, São Luis-MA and João Pessoa-PB, with 20 cases in each state, presenting rash, absent or mild fever and one of the following signs/symptoms: conjunctival hyperemia, arthralgia or limb edema; RT-PCR/isolation tests for Zika, enterovirus and respiratory viruses, and serology tests (dengue, rubella and parvovirus B19) were performed. RESULTS the main symptoms were rash (n=60), pruritus (n=54), and arthralgia (n=47); 51 individuals did not present fever; Zika virus was identified in 18 cases (12 in Paraíba, four in Maranhão and two in Rio Grande do Norte), and antibodies to dengue, in 14 cases. CONCLUSION the symptoms were consistent with Zika virus fever; there was laboratory confirmation for Zika and dengue.Resumo OBJETIVO: Confirmar a circulacao do virus Zika e descartar outros agentes etiologicos em surto ocorrido no Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Maranhao (MA) e Paraiba (PB), em maio/2015. METODOS: estudo descritivo de serie de casos com residentes em Natal-RN, Barra do Corda-MA, Sao Luis-MA e Joao Pessoa-PB, 20 em cada estado, com exantema e ausencia de febre ou febre baixa e um dos seguintes sinais/sintomas, hiperemia conjuntival, artralgia ou edema de membros; realizou-se RT-PCR/isolamento para Zika, enterovirus e virus respiratorios, e sorologias (dengue, rubeola e parvovirus B19). RESULTADOS: os principais sintomas foram exantema (n=60), prurido (n=54) e artralgia (n=47); 51 individuos nao apresentaram febre; identificou-se virus Zika em 18 casos (12 na PB, quatro no MA e dois no RN) e anticorpos para dengue em 14. CONCLUSAO: os sintomas foram compativeis com febre pelo virus Zika; houve confirmacao laboratorial de Zika e dengue.