Egberto Araújo

Snap-bean seeds production accordingly to levels and sources of organic matter

With the objective of evaluating sources and levels of organic matter on the production of snap-bean seeds, cv. Macarrao Trepador, there was set up an experiment in the Federal University of Paraiba, Brasil, from April to September/1998. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, in the factorial scheme 4 x 5, testing four sources of organic matter (cattle, goat and chicken manure and earthworm humus) in five levels (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 t/ha of cattle and goat manure and 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 t/ha of earthworm humus), in four replications. The maximum production of seeds was obtained with the levels of 27,66 t/ha of cattle manure (3,555.10 kg), 20.85 t/ha of goat manure (3,259.56 kg) and 9.87 t/ha of chicken manure (2,919.00 kg/ha) and earthworm compost (3,270 kg/ha). The most economic level of cattle manure was of 25.57 t/ha, with a revenue of 1,442.55 kg of seeds/ha (R

Identificação e Características Culturais de Espécies do Gênero Aspergillus Isoladas de Sementes de Feijão no Estado da Paraíba

4,616.16), 19.11 t/ha of goat manure with a revenue of 1,164 kg of seeds/ha (R

Etiologia e progresso da mancha de pestalotia do coqueiro (Cocos nucifera L.), em São Gonçalo, Paraíba

3,724.80) and 5.17 t/ha of chicken manure with a revenue of 177.86 kg of seeds/ha (R

Diagnóstico e quantificação de doenças fúngicas da acerola no Estado da Paraíba

569.15). Under the point of view of seeds production, the application of earthworm compost propitiated productions above the national average, but its use in the production of snap-bean seeds is not economically viable. The economical analysis indicated the cattle manure as the most viable fertilization source to produce snap-bean seeds.

Influência do horário de colheita na qualidade de sementes do algodoeiro produzidas em três microrregiões do Estado da Paraíba

ABSTRACT according to cultural characteristics on Czapek-agar medium andthe structures viewed under compound microscope. Thedevelopment of each fungal species on Potato-Dextrose-Agar(PDA) medium presented differences for colony diameter, curveand rate of growth accord ing to the seed samples from which wereobtained. Especies do genero Aspergillus foram obervadasocorrendo em sementes de feijao Phaseolus vulgaris( L.)procedentes do estado da Paraiba (Araujo et al , 1980; Bruno et al , 1982; Souto, 1995). O presente trabalho foi realizadocom o objetivo de identificar essas especies e analisar algumasvariaveis relativas as caracteristicas culturais das mesmas.Amostras de sementes de feijao cv. Carioquinha foramcoletadas de sementes armazenadas, em 1996, por pequenosagricultores dos municipios de Areia (microrregiao do Brejo),Esperanca e Lagoa Seca, (microrregiao do Agreste) e, Ararunae Cacimba de Dentro (microrregiao do Curimatau). Foramanalisadas 200 sementes por amostra, sendo essassubdivididas em grupos de dez unidades, distribuidasigualmente. As sementes foram plaqueadas em metodo deBlotter test (Neergaard, 1979) e incubadas durante oito diasem câmara (temperatura = 22+ 2 oC), sob regime de iluminacao com fotoperiodo de 12 h, utilizando-se lâmpadasfluorescentes de 40 Watts. Apos esse periodo de incubacao,as sementes foram examinadas sob microscopio estereoscopio.A partir das colonias do genero

Severidade da lixa-grande do coqueiro-anão e incidência de hiperparasitismo em Parnamirim, Rio Grande do Norte

The coconut has been spreading out in Paraiba State, mainly in Alto Piranhas microrregion, which yield besides supplying the regional market it is being exported to the South and Southeast regions of Brasil. The aim of this research was to determine the ethyology and the progress of a coconut hibrid foliar disease observed in the district of Sao Goncalo, Sousa, Paraiba State. The studies concerning to the disease ethiology were carried out into laboratory and greenhouse. Epiphytiologic observations related to the disease progress in the coconut plantations were made monthly in order to determine the incidence, severity and infection rates. A fungus of the Pestalotiopsis (Pestalotia) genera was isolated and developed disease symptoms when was inoculated in wounded coconut leaves. The symptoms presented by the leaves either naturally and artificially infected were similars to those described in the literature for the coconut leaf spot caused by Pestalotiopsis guepinii. The incidence in all evaluations were equal to 100%. It was obtained negative infection rates for severity. The higher values of severity occurred associated to the presence of mites and coccidies in the plants.

Atividade antifúngica de extratos de alho e capim-santo sobre o desenvolvimento de Fusarium proliferatum isolado de grãos de milho

This work was aimed at diagnosing and quantificating barbados cherry (Malpighia emarginata) fungal diseases in different micro-regions of Paraiba. Black mould, anthracnose and alternaria leaf spot were observed in the plant material sampled caused, respectivelly, by Cercospora sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Capnodium sp., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Alternaria sp. The pathogenicity test performed showed the development of round lesions and the drying and falling of punctured leaves inoculated with a fungus of genus Pestalotiopsis isolated from material naturally infected. The greates and least number of diseases were observed in the micro-regions of Brejo and Curimatau, respectively. Cercospora leaf spot occurred in all localities. Anthracnose and black mould were observed in Brejo and Litoral micro-regions, and the fusarium wilt occurried in Sertao and Curimatau micro-regions. Alternaria occurred in the Sertao and pestalotia leaf spot occurred in Brejo. The higher values of incidence and severity for anthracnose, black mould and pestalotia leaf spot were associated with increased rainfall. For anthracnose, the presence of sucker insects was also higher.

Ocorrência e identificação dos agentes etiológicos de doenças em palma forrageira (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill.) no seminário paraibano

The operations realized at harvest are important when the aim is to obtain seeds with good qualities and these processes are affected by the manner and time of their realization. This study was carried out investigate the influence of the harvest time on the quality of seeds of cotton produced in three microregions of Paraiba state. Cotton seeds, cultivar CNPA 7H, collected at different times (7:00, 9:00, 11:00, 13:00, 15:00 and 17:00 hours) and in different microregions of the state of Paraiba, Curimatau Oriental Paraibano (Tacima), Piemonte da Borborema (Guarabira) and Alto Sertao Paraibano (Diamante) were submitted to determination of the moisture content and evaluations of germination and vigour (cold test, speed of germination and field emergence). The sanitary analysis (fungi) was also performed. In the statistical analysis at first the data were considered individually of the effect of the microregions and then another analysis was done considering the effect of harvest times versus microregions. The highest values of germination and vigour were obtained in the Tacima fields which were harvest between 11:00 and 15:00 hours. Cotton seeds collected at the first (7:00) and last (17:00) times showed the least physiological quality in the three production fields. Seeds produced in Tacima presented the best physiological quality. The seeds produced in the Diamante had the highest fungi incidence, mainly of fungi of the Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium sp species.

Incidência e controle alternativo de patógenos em sementes de mandacaru (Cereus jamacaru DC, Cactaceae)

The study was realized at the Experimental Station Rammel Mesquita Farias in the municipal district of Parnamirim, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil, in the period from April, 2000, to March, 2001. The observations were concerned to the disease progress (incidence and severity) on the coconut leaflets, as well as the occurrence of hiperparasitism on the causal agent. In all observations the disease incidence was equal to 100%. The progress of the severity presented different tendencies: increasing - from April to July, 2000 and decreasing from this month to Mach of 2001. In the same way were the tendencies of the hiperparasitism incidence. The disease severity and the hiperparasitism incidence were correlated positively and significantly with the climatic variables, pluviometric precipitation and relative humidity and, negatively with the temperatures.