Ekaterina Arabska

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN BULGARIA

Bulgarian Abstract: �?а�?ърчаването на иновативни идеи в обще�?твената политика е от решаващо значение за подкрепа на ценно�?тите на активната �?оциална �?и�?тема, ориентиранa към проблемите, които решава. Тези възгледи �?а в о�?новата на продължаващите �?оциални реформи в различните �?трани и �?а на�?очени към развитието на �?оциалното предприемаче�?тво и рол�?та на �?оциалните предприемачи. Приема �?е разбирането, че �?оциалните предприемачи имат �?по�?обно�?тта чрез локализиране на използваеми ре�?ур�?и – човешки капитал, �?гради и оборудване, да намер�?т гъвкави подходи за задовол�?ване на незадоволени �?оциални нужди. Пред�?тавеното в �?тати�?та из�?ледване дава важни заключени�? за �?ъ�?то�?нието на �?оциалното предприемаче�?тво в Българи�? и начините за неговото на�?ърчаване, като по�?тав�? �?пециален акцент върху необходимата подкрепа и изграждане на капацитет. English Abstract: The promotion of innovative ideas in public policy is crucial to support the values of the active and problem-oriented solving social system. These views underlie the ongoing social reforms in various countries and focus on the development of social entrepreneurship and the role of social entrepreneurs. An understanding is underlined that namely social entrepreneurs have the capability through localization of usable resources human capital, buildings and equipment, to find flexible approaches to satisfy unmet social needs. The study presented in the article provides important implications on the state of the social entrepreneurship in Bulgaria and ways of its encouragement putting a special accent on the needed support and building capacity.

IMPROVEMENT OF NATIONAL STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK IN ORGANIC PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA

The study examines organic sector development in the Republic of Bulgaria, as a sector showing significant growth in last ten years, in the context of its potential and contribution for sustainable rural development. Identification and analyses of the main factors in organic farming development reveal its positive characteristics but also underline the main problems in its development in the country as: lack of information, communication and coordination between stakeholders in the country; spontaneous and unsubstantiated management decisions in organic holdings; lack of strategic planning on all the levels (national, local and organizational). Lead by the implication that sector development should be first encouraged and shaped by appropriate state policies and strategies, the paper makes proposals for new instruments and approaches in the strategic planning on the national level accenting business environment, institutional support and administrative activities, production peculiarities, marketing realities, knowledge and advisory services’ needs, information provision and motivation.

Encouragement of Social Entrepreneurship in Bulgaria

The paper presents the benefits of support to social enterprises and the advantages of social economy and makes analyses of the policies and strategies encouraging development of social entrepreneurship in Bulgaria. The priorities are examined in the context of social enterprises impact on combating poverty and social exclusion, incl. youth employment, equal access to participation in the economy of the population in small towns / rural areas, social innovation and integration of minorities. Available instruments of encouraging social enterprises in Bulgaria are considered in accordance to the European and national policies and funding programmes and measures. Conclusions and recommendations are provided on the national legislation development and the implementation of the National concept of social economy stressing on the creation of favorable legal and financial environment for development of social enterprises.

Nature and Evolution of Capitalism in Bulgaria: 2020 Agenda

The consideration of contemporary understanding of capitalism is a huge challenge marked by the peculiarities of development of nations and regions in last centuries of tremendous changes and turning points in historical and socio-economic development. Discussing the role of state and civil society in economic, social and political spheres is one of the “hottest” topics in modern economic theory and its implications in business practice. The issue of the understanding of capitalism in academic communities is characterized by a complex nature and a number of subjective influences, especially in some countries as Bulgaria undergone processes of transformations and transitions far away of the necessary substantiation. Although the impact from the imposed perceptions during socialism is obvious, recent development trends show specific changes in the attitudes in society, economy, state policy and academic community.Bulgaria has an open market economy strongly influenced by the macroframework of the EU membership. The impact of historical development and policy on economic and cultural development has a very specific nature in the country which is still looking for the “right” decisions for future. Along with the undisputable advantages, the processes of globalization in modern world posed challenges and problems requiring the search of new approaches and instruments in management. Entering a new era of information and communication technology “mass invasion”, the forces driving economic development are changing. The behavior of citizens and consumers is the “invisible hand” regulating contemporary development. Outlining its significance, current study’s goal is not to go in detail about it but to provide the key implications on the nature and the evolution of capitalism discussing new emerging forms in the context of sustainable development goals deserving further attention.

Opportunities of Quality and Efficiency Improvement in Public Employment Services

In recent decades in each EU member state there is an increasingly strong view that public employment services should play a more active role on labor markets. In response to fundamental changes in economic and social sphere a new set of functions is assumed to them which impose the search and the application of new approaches. Problems concerning employment and unemployment should be considered as complex and multilayered. The adequacy of responses by institutions on the labor market is directly related to technologies used at work and applied models to rationalize decision-making and to improve the quality of services provided. A solution is the application of a process model of work in the labor offices taking into account the necessary resources (in terms of time required to perform certain actions) and determining the required capacity. The model presented in the paper is a flexible tool for better management and efficient use of human resources.

Opportunities of Establishment of Destination Management and Marketing Organizations in Bulgaria

The paper examines tourism sector development in the Republic of Bulgaria in the context of the country’s strategic priorities till 2020 of knowledge-based economy, sustainable growth and smart specialization, the opportunities for its integration with agri-food sector and potential contribution to balanced rural development. The principles and roles of destination management and marketing organizations are discussed and the opportunities for their application in the national conditions are explored. A framework for of establishment, management and functioning of such organizations is proposed based on integrated and participatory approaches, planning, coordination and communication activities, permanent monitoring and controlling.

- (Social Activity of Human Resources - A Basis for Effective Social Policy)

Russian Abstract: Стати�?та разглежда въпро�?ът за �?оциалната активно�?т на човешки�? ре�?ур�? като о�?нова на ефективна �?оциална политика, анализирайки пон�?ти�?та �?оциална политика, �?оциална активно�?т и �?оциален мениджмънт от гледна точка на ефективното управление на човешките ре�?ур�?и, извеждайки о�?новни принципи и важни фактори във връзка �?ъ�? �?оциалната активно�?т и вземането на решени�?. Из�?ледването предлага модел на �?оциална активно�?т, базиран на колективната квалификаци�?, т.е. активна �?оциална политика за �?оциална защита, на�?очена към активен пазар на труда, изи�?кващ планиране, прогнозиране, програмиране, анализ и проектиране на длъжно�?ти и управление на човешките ре�?ур�?и на различни нива, о�?новани на компетентно�?т и компетенции. English Abstract: The paper discusses the issue of social activity of human resources as a basis for effective social policy analyzing the notions of social policy, social activity and social management from the point of view of the effective management of human resources outlining essential principles and important factors in connection to social activity and decision-making. The study proposes a model of social activity based on the “collective qualification�?, i.e. active social policy for social protection targeted to active labour market requiring planning, prognosis, programming, analysis and design of occupations and human resources management on different levels based on competence and competencies.

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Social Programming)

Russian Abstract: Оценката на ефективно�?тта на �?оциалното програмиране изхожда от целите и задачите на �?оциалната дейно�?т, налагащи определ�?нето на критерии, използвайки различни подходи и отчитайки �?пецификата на нивата на реализиране. Дефинирането на �?оциалната ефективно�?т и �?оциалната технологи�? е в о�?новата на методите и моделите за оценка, вземащи предвид широки�? набор от обективни и �?убективни фактори. Методиките за оценка на ефективно�?тта на �?оциалните програми (проекти) �?а �?вързани �? на�?очено�?тта на �?оциалната �?и�?тема към �?оциална защита и �?оциално об�?лужване на на�?елението и използването на проце�?ни�? подход и прехода към програмно-целеви методи, очертавайки о�?новни проблеми, механизми за �?оциални у�?луги и задачи за измерване, определ�?ши базовите изи�?квани�? към оценката на ефективно�?тта на �?оциалното програмиране и различните етапи. Разглеждайки в�?ички тези въпро�?и, из�?ледването предлага модел за оценка на ефективно�?тта на �?оциалното програмиране, базиран на подхода на „организационната ефективно�?т“, обхващащ �?ъвкупно�?тта от определени елементи - �?и�?тема за придобиване на ре�?ур�?и, избор на цели, оценка на въздей�?твието на външната �?реда, избор на �?тратеги�?, �?пазвайки принципа „какво-ако“ и приоритетите в �?оциалната дейно�?т, произтичащи от динамичните промени в �?оциалната �?реда. English Abstract: Assessment of the effectiveness of social programming stems out from goals and tasks of social activity imposing determination of criteria using different approaches and considering the specificity of the levels of implementation. Defining social effectiveness and social technology is in the basis of the methods and the models for assessment taking into account the broad spectrum of objective and subjective factors. The assessment methods concerning the effectiveness of social programs (projects) are connected to the purpose of the social system to social protection and provision social services to population and the use of the process approach and the transition to program-target methods outlining the some main problems, mechanisms in social services and tasks of evaluation determining the base requirements towards the assessments of the effectiveness of social programming and different stages. Discussing all those issues, the study makes a proposal for a model for assessment of the effectiveness of social programming based on the approach of “organizational effectiveness�? embracing the totality of certain elements – system of resources acquisition, choice of goals, assessment of the impact of outer environment, choice of a strategy, conforming to the principle “what-if�? and the priorities in social activity coming from dynamic changes in social environment.

Assessment of Active Social Policies’ Impacts on Labor Market in a Period of Transformation in Bulgarian Society☆

Abstract The labor market policy in the Republic of Bulgaria in the transition period and nowadays has in different extents reflected the needs of the economy. Initially developing along with the labor market, its character is mainly preventive. Later, it includes more active programs and activities targeted at adequate answers to the changes of macroeconomic environment and periods of economic development. The anti-crisis policy in the country from 2008 till now is mostly directed to the financial stability and consolidation and strongly limits the support to employment. However, as a whole the active policy has a secondary and temporary role in employment support and could not exchange the investment activities for creation of places of work. Economic development is the determining one for demand and supply on the labor market and the balance during the periods of its development. Consideration of the peculiarities in economic development and of probable impacts on the labor market is consecutively turning into an inseparable element of the development process of labor market policies. In initial periods of labor market development its policies are mainly directed to overcoming consequences of the economic reforms on employment but now the policy is of clearly expressed active character and targeted to impacts on the processes and behavioral development in target groups according to the preliminary set goals. The functional labor market in the country is an adequate mechanism of the market environment and the conducted policy is more and more accorded to the existing dependencies and interactions between economic development and labor market.