Elaheh Aghdassi

LIPID PEROXIDATION DURING N-3 FATTY ACID AND VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENTATION IN HUMANS

The purpose of this study was to investigate in healthy humans the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake, alone or in combination with dL-α-tocopherol acetate (vitamin E) supplements on lipid peroxidation. Eightly men were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to take daily for 6 wk either menhaden oil (6.26 g, n−3 fatty acids) or olive oil supplements with either vitamin E (900 IU) or its placebo. Antioxidant vitamins, phospholipid composition, malondialdehyde (MDA), and lipid peroxides were measured in the plasma at baseline and week 6. At the same time, breath alkane output was measured. Plasma α-tocopherol concentration increased in those receiving vitamin E (P<0.0001). In those supplemented with n−3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA increased in plasma phospholipids (P<0.0001) and plasma MDA and lipid peroxides increased (P<0.001 and P<0.05, respectively). Breath alkane output did not change significantly and vitamin E intake did not prevent the increase in lipid peroxidation during menhaden oil supplementation. The results demonstrate that supplementing the diet with n−3 fatty acids resulted in an increase in lipid peroxidation, as measured by plasma MDA release and lipid peroxide products, which was not suppressed by vitamin E supplementation.

Effect of oral iron supplementation on oxidative stress and colonic inflammation in rats with induced colitis

Iron supplementation may increase disease activity in ulcerative colitis, possibly through the production of reactive oxygen species from the Fenton reaction.

Exacerbation of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by dietary iron supplementation: role of NF-κB

BackgroundIn colitis, iron therapy may be given to treat anemia, but it may also be detrimental based on our previous studies using a rat model with colitis where iron supplementation increased disease activity and oxidative stress. This effect was partially reduced by an antioxidant.AimsThe aim of this study was to further evaluate, in rats with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, the effect of iron on neutrophilic infiltration, cytokines and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB)-associated inflammation and to determine whether the addition of vitamin E would be beneficial.MethodsColitis was induced with DSS at 50xa0g/l in drinking water for 7 days. DSS rats were randomized to the following: DSS, receiving a control, non-purified diet (iron, 270xa0mg and dl-α-tocopherol acetate, 49xa0mg/kg); DSS+iron (diet+iron, 3,000xa0mg/kg); DSS+vitamin E (diet+dl-α-tocopherol acetate, 2,000xa0mg/kg); or the DSS+iron+vitamin E. Colonic inflammation, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), lipid peroxides (LPO), proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6] and NF-κB binding activity were measured.ResultsThe DSS+iron group showed a significant increase in inflammatory scores, MPO, TNF-α, IL-1, LPO and NF-κB activity compared to DSS or DSS+vitamin E. The addition of vitamin E to iron (DSS+iron+vitamin E group) significantly reduced the inflammatory scores, TNF-α and IL-6. None of the other parameters were affected.ConclusionIron increases disease activity in colitis, and this is associated with oxidative stress, neutrophilic infiltration, increased cytokines and activation of NF-κB. This detrimental effect was partially reduced by vitamin E.

Effect of Iron Supplementation on Oxidative Stress and Intestinal Inflammation in Rats with Acute Colitis

In this study, we investigated the effect of intraperitoneal iron dextran (100mg/100 g body weight) on oxidative stress and intestinal inflammation in rats with acute colitis induced by 5% dextran sulfate sodium. In both colitis and healthy animals, disease activity index, crypt and inflammatory scores, colon length, plasma and colonic lipid peroxides, and plasma vitamins E, C, and retinol were assessed. The results showed that iron-supplemented groups had moderate iron deposition in the colonic submucosa and lamina propria. In the colitis group supplemented with iron, colon length was significantly shorter; disease activity index, crypt, and inflammatory scores and colonic lipid peroxides were significantly higher; and plasma α-tocopherol was significantly lower compared to the colitis group without iron supplementation. There was no intestinal inflammation and no significant increase in colonic lipid peroxides in healthy rats supplemented with iron. In conclusion, iron injection resulted in an increased oxidative stress and intestinal inflammation in rats with colitis but not in healthy rats.

Healthcare Cost and Loss of Productivity in a Canadian Population of Patients with and without Lupus Nephritis

Objective. To compare the healthcare cost and loss of productivity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with (LN) and without lupus nephritis (lupus nephritis-negative, LNN). Method. Patients were classified into those with active (ALN and ALNN) and inactive disease (ILN and ILNN). Patients reported on visits to healthcare professionals and use of diagnostic tests, medications, assistive devices, alternative treatments, hospital emergency visits, surgical procedures, and hospitalizations as well as loss of productivity in the 4 weeks preceding enrollment. Results. Enrollment was 141 patients, 79 with LN and 62 LNN. Patients with LN were more likely to visit rheumatologists and nephrologists, undergo diagnostic tests, and had higher costs for medications than patients who were LNN. The annual healthcare cost averaged

Estimation of body fat mass using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, bioelectric impedance analysis, and anthropometry in HIV-positive male subjects receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy.

CAN 12,597 ± 9946 for patients with LN and

Serum Albumin as a Marker for Disease Activity in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

10,585 ± 13,149 for patients who were LNN, a difference of

Glomerular filtration rate predicts arterial events in women with systemic lupus erythematosus

2012 (95% CI –

The use of micronutrient supplements is not associated with better quality of life and disease activity in Canadian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

2075,

Ten-year Absolute Fracture Risk and Hip Bone Strength in Canadian Women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

6100). Patients with ALN had more diagnostic tests and surgical procedures, contributing to a significantly higher annual direct cost (