Elaine Cristina Alves Pereira

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors in women aged 35 to 65 years who were enrolled in a family health program in Brazil.

ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among women aged 35 to 65 years and to identify associated factors. MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study. We randomly selected 581 women (aged 35-65 y) from among those enrolled in a family health program in the city of Pindamonhangaba, Brazil. Metabolic syndrome was identified in accordance with the definition of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Health conditions and lifestyle habits were evaluated by a survey, and anthropometric measurements were obtained. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was estimated, and Poisson regression was used to evaluate the associations between metabolic syndrome `and the factors investigated. ResultsThe prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 42.2% (95% CI, 38.1-46.2). The most common metabolic syndrome component was abdominal obesity (60.6%), followed by low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (51.3%), high levels of triglycerides (41.4%), high blood pressure (31.7%), and diabetes (13.9%). The following factors were associated with metabolic syndrome: the 45- to 54-year age group (prevalence ratio, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.08-2.01), the 55- to 65-year age group (prevalence ratio, 3.51; 95% CI, 1.49-3.10), hyperuricemia (prevalence ratio, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.15-1.86), and sleep apnea risk (prevalence ratio, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.16-1.82). We found an inverse association between metabolic syndrome and having had more than 5 years of schooling (prevalence ratio, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.65-1.04). ConclusionsThe prevalence of metabolic syndrome is high, and the associated clinical factors are hyperuricemia and risk of sleep apnea.

Characteristics of patients assisted at an ambulatory of dementia from a university hospital

OBJECTIVE To present socio-demographic characteristics, mean scores of tests and scales applied to patients with dementia and discuss the relationship between test scores, clinical diagnoses and the severity of dementia. METHOD Patients (n=113) were diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria, and the diagnostic work-up included physical and neurological examination, auxiliary exams, cognitive and functional tests, and the evaluation of neuropsychiatric symptoms. RESULTS Mean age was 74.0 years. Alzheimers disease (AD) was diagnosed in 62.8% of the patients, AD and vascular dementia in 8.8%, other dementias in 14.2%, and mild cognitive impairment in 2.7%. At least one neuropsychiatric symptom was diagnosed in 96.9% of the sample. There were significant differences on cognitive and functional performance between the groups classified according to dementia severity. CONCLUSION Neuropsychiatric symptoms were quite common in patients with dementia, being more frequent as severity increased, and those symptoms were associated with functional impairment in the patients.

Prevalence and factors associated with urinary incontinence in climacteric

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence and identify associated factors to urinary incontinence (UI) in climacteric women. METHOD In a cross-sectional study with a stratified random sample, 1,200 women aged between 35 and 72 years were studied, enrolled in the Family Health Strategy in the city of Pindamonhangaba, São Paulo. Urinary incontinence was investigated using the International Consultation of Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form, while associated factors were assessed based on a self-reported questionnaire with socio-demographic, obstetric and gynecological history, morbidities and drug use. The prevalence of urinary incontinence was estimated with a 95% confidence interval (95CI) and the associated factors were identified through multiple logistic regression model performed using Stata software, version 11.0. RESULTS Women had a mean age of 51.9 years, most were in menopause (59.4%), married (87.5%), Catholic (48.9%), and declared themselves black or brown (47.2%). The mean age of menopause of women with UI was 47.3 years. The prevalence of UI was 20.4% (95CI: 17.8-23.1%). The factors associated with UI were urinary loss during pregnancy (p=0.000) and after delivery (p=0.000), genital prolapse (p=0.000), stress (p=0.001), depression (p=0.002), and obesity (p=0.006). CONCLUSION The prevalence of UI was lower but similar to that found in most similar studies. Factors associated with the genesis of UI were urinary loss during pregnancy and after delivery, genital prolapse and obesity.

P2-456: Clinical and psychiatric comorbidities and drug use among patients with dementia

Background: The prevalence of Dementia in the elderly is very high as the chance to develop other chronic diseases that can disable them functionally. The use of medication for the control of the diseases is very common. The comorbid profile of these patients and the drugs that are most frequently taken by them are very important for the planning of effective therapeutic schemes that do not offer potential side effects or other complications related to the drug abuse and drugs interactions.Objective: To assess medication use and comorbidity in patients with dementia. Methods: Data review of patients in ambulatory care from 2003 to 2007 (n 71) at a tertiary hospital. Dementia diagnosis was made using DSM-IV-TR criteria, physical examination, test application (CAMCOG, MMSE, NPI and B-ADL) and laboratory exams. The patients were classified according the CDR classification. Results: It was verified that approximately 81.7% of patients were diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease, while 18.3% had other types of Dementia. The average index of CIRS comorbidity was 0.97 and the index of CIRS severity was 1.24. The most frequent clinical comorbidity was high blood pressure, and the most common psychiatric comorbidity was mood disorder. At least one medication was taken regularly by 82.2% of patients, and 29.5% took more than tree medications. According to CDR, patients with CDR 1 and 2 used less medication than those with CDR 0.5 and 3. Conclusions: High blood pressure and mood disorders are the most common comorbidities in patients with dementia and the cholinesterase inhibitors and antihipertensives are the most commonly used drugs.