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Dive into the research topics where Elaine Hunt is active.

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Featured researches published by Elaine Hunt.


Vaccine | 1999

Protection of calves against cryptosporidiosis with immune bovine colostrum induced by a Cryptosporidium parvum recombinant protein

Lance E. Perryman; Sushila J Kapil; Michael L. Jones; Elaine Hunt

The purpose of the study was to determine if immunization with a recombinant protein (rC7) of Cryptosporidium parvum would induce immune bovine colostrum that protected calves against cryptosporidiosis following oral challenge with C. parvum oocysts. Late gestation Holstein cows with low titers of antibody to the p23 antigen of C. parvum were immunized three times with 300 microg affinity purified rC7 C. parvum recombinant protein (immune cows), or left nonimmunized (control cows). Colostrum was obtained from each cow in both groups and partitioned into identical aliquots of pooled immune colostrum or pooled control colostrum. Twelve calves obtained at birth received either immune or control colostrum within the first 2 h, and again at 12 and 24 h of age. Each calf was challenged orally with 10(7) C. parvum oocysts at 12 h of age and monitored for signs of cryptosporidiosis. All six calves administered pooled control colostrum developed severe diarrhea (mean total fecal volume = 8447+/-5600 ml) and shed an average of 1.87+/-1.66 x 10(12) C. parvum oocysts. None of the six calves administered pooled immune colostrum developed diarrhea (mean total fecal volume = 740+/-750 ml, p < 0.05), and shed significantly fewer oocysts (3.05+/-2.26 x 10(9), p < 0.05). The absence of diarrhea and 2.79 log10 (99.8%) reduction in oocyst excretion indicates that immune bovine colostrum induced by immunization with C. parvum recombinant protein rC7 provided substantial protection against cryptosporidiosis in neonatal calves.


Pediatric Research | 2002

Oral Bovine Serum Concentrate Improves Cryptosporidial Enteritis in Calves

Elaine Hunt; Qiang Fu; Martha U. Armstrong; Derralyn K. Rennix; David W. Webster; Joseph A. Galanko; Wunian Chen; Eric M. Weaver; Robert A. Argenzio; J. Marc Rhoads

Cryptosporidium parvum produces a prolonged watery diarrhea unresponsive to conventional antimicrobials. Because of reported efficacy of antibody-based immunotherapy, we studied the effect of inexpensive, commercially available oral bovine serum concentrate (BSC) in experimental cryptosporidiosis. Twenty-four calves were treated with 57 g/d BSC (n = 12) or soy protein (n = 12) added to their standard whey protein-based milk replacer (227 g/2 L twice daily). Of the 24, 9 were also treated with l-glutamine (GLN), 8 g/L (50 mM) in the milk (5 calves in the BSC group and 4 in the soy group). Animals were inoculated with 108 cryptosporidium oocysts per os on d 8 of life and received oral rehydration on d 12–14. Eight uninfected controls were treated with BSC or soy protein. Fecal and urine volume and urinary Cr-EDTA excretion were measured. Animals were killed on d 18 of life. Cryptosporidiosis induced severe watery diarrhea lasting >9 d and produced a 25% increase in intestinal permeability, a 33% decrease in villous surface area, and a 40% reduction in mucosal lactase specific activity. Glutamine treatment had no effect on the diarrhea or any of the intestinal tests; and therefore pooled data were used to compare the 12 calves treated with BSC with the 12 treated with soy. In animals receiving BSC, peak diarrheal volume and intestinal permeability were reduced 33%, fewer oocysts were shed, intestinal crypts were significantly deeper, and villous surface area returned to normal by 9 d after infection (all p ≤ 0.05). BSC should be studied as a treatment for human cryptosporidiosis.


Veterinary Clinics of North America-food Animal Practice | 1985

Milk Replacers for the Neonatal Calf

Michael S. Hand; Elaine Hunt; Robert Phillips

A rather long list of broad generalizations exist regarding milk replacers for calves. At least two more general statements should be added to that list. Most broad generalizations regarding milk replacers should be applied cautiously; and if young calves (less than 2 to 3 weeks) are to be fed milk substitutes, the products should be of high quality. Our primary goal in feeding baby calves should be health oriented--that is, not to pre-dispose to or cause diarrhea through diet. This means using milk-source ingredients in milk substitutes targeted for young calves. The preponderance of data presented in this article underscores that statement. Milk replacers containing nonmilk sources of major nutrients are better fed to older calves.


American Journal of Physiology-gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology | 2001

Glutamine transporter in crypts compensates for loss of villus absorption in bovine cryptosporidiosis

Elaine Hunt; Richard L. Guerrant; Marc Rhoads; Robert A. Argenzio


American Journal of Veterinary Research | 1994

Holding power of orthopedic screws in the large metacarpal and metatarsal bones of calves.

Karl F. Bowman; C. F. Abrams; T. R. Seaboch; Elaine Hunt


American Journal of Physiology-gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology | 2003

Cyclooxygenase blockade and exogenous glutamine enhance sodium absorption in infected bovine ileum

Jeffrey T. Cole; Elaine Hunt; Jody L. Gookin; Robert A. Argenzio


Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound | 1999

RADIOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS: MULTICENTRIC SCHWANNOMA IN AN ADULT HOLSTEIN‐FREISIAN COW

Oscar Ramirez; Kevin S. McDorman; Pamela Dennis; Elaine Hunt


Veterinary Clinics of North America-food Animal Practice | 1985

Appendix 3 - Appendix 3 Age Predisposition of Diarrheal Disease in the Neonatal Calf

Elaine Hunt


Gastroenterology | 2001

Oral bovine serum concentrate improves cryptosporidial enteritis in calves and contains active growth factors

J. Marc Rhoads; Elaine Hunt; Qiang Fu; Jody L. Gookin; Derralyn K. Rennix; David W. Webster; Joseph A. Galanko; Wunian Chen; Eric M. Weaver; Robert A. Argenzio


Veterinary Clinics of North America-food Animal Practice | 1985

Symposium on Calf Diarrhea. Appendix 4. Field technique for estimating severity of dehydration, volume of fluid necessary for rehydration, and average bicarbonate deficit for a 40-kg neonatal calf with acute diarrhea.

Elaine Hunt

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Robert A. Argenzio

North Carolina State University

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J. Marc Rhoads

University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

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Jody L. Gookin

North Carolina State University

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David W. Webster

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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Derralyn K. Rennix

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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Eric M. Weaver

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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Joseph A. Galanko

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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Qiang Fu

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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Wunian Chen

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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