Elaine Norman

Enhancing resiliency in girls and boys: A case for gender specific adolescent prevention programming.

Resiliency is the ability to bounce back or cope well in the face of adversity, and preventionists are recognizing the promise of this approach, with its emphasis on strengths and the enhancement of individual and environmental protective factors. Feminist scholars and resiliency researchers have highlighted significant gender differences in susceptibility to, and protection from, situations of risk. However, there are few prevention programs that have incorporated gender-specific resiliency strategies. This paper will argue for the importance in the field of substance abuse prevention of developing different strategies for girls and boys to meet their varying needs.

Adolescent Substance Abuse Prevention Programs: Theories, Models, and Research in the Encouraging 80's

The “vaccine” to prevent adolescents from using cigarettes, alcohol, and other drugs has not yet been found. Much has been learned about which prevention effortsdo not work. However, in the past decade there are some encouraging findings about whatdoes seem to work. This paper reviews the theories of human behavior and personality development upon which substance abuse prevention strategies have been based, the program models derived from them, and the research literature of the 1980s reporting on the effectiveness of the major program models for preventing adolescent substance abuse. The authors also present unanswered questions about the most effective kinds of prevention programs for different populations.

A New Look at Salary Equity for Male and Female Faculty in Schools of Social Work

Many studies have documented that women faculty in schools of social work hold lower ranks, achieve tenure less frequently, and earn lower salaries than do their male peers. The findings of the study of all full-time faculty members in graduate schools of social work in 1984-85 that is reported here concurred with the previous research. However, the data indicated that the situation is not uniform throughout the country; some schools treat their female faculty members better than do others. Therefore, the study also explored eight factors that best describe the schools in which women are treated more equitably. Two factors were found to be most closely related to equity: the sex of the dean and the geographic location of the school.

Caring for Women With HIV and AIDS

In 1991, the Community Family Planning Council in New York City became one of only two family planning agencies in the United States to offer primary care medical and social services to HIV-AIDS- infected women and their families. This article discusses the organi zational demands involved in setting up an integrated program of this kind and having it accepted by the staff as well as the special concerns of women with gender-related needs.

Book Reviews : The Chalice and the Blade. By Riane Eisler. New York: Harper & Row, 1987,261 pp.,

Anyone who views the Paleolithic paintings preserved on the walls of caves in France and Spain wonders at the message they convey of the type of culture that flourished during the time they were rendered, 15,000 to 20,000 years ago. Two such paintings come to mind: those in the caves of Font-de-Gaume and Altamira. Among the most striking paintings in Font-de-Gaume, near Les Eyzies in south-central

9.95 (paperback

create reality.&dquo; Choices that are made throughout the entire research process can be, and, I believe, almost always are, an expression of the researcher’s beliefs and underlying values. One can look at a research problem in a great number of ways, defining certain things as important and others as not, focusing on certain variables rather than others, narrowing in on a specific social group, a specific social role, or a specific dimension of a situation. Study findings are always ultimately determined by the way each of these research decisions is made. The gender and salary study that Allen Rubin did (see Rubin’s article in this issue) and the one that I did are good illustrations. Two different research questions were addressed, two different units of analysis were utilized, and different variables were constructed to answer the research questions. As a consequence, different findings resulted. There was no disagreement about the fact that the average salaries of