Elga Apsīte
University of Latvia
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Featured researches published by Elga Apsīte.
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. | 2009
Elga Apsīte; Anda Bakute; Ilze Rudlapa
Changes of total annual runoff distribution, high and low discharges in Latvian rivers The paper examines climate change impacts on the hydrological regime of nineteen different river basins in Latvia. Hydrological data series for the period of 1951-2006 were analysed for river basins of four hydrological districts: Western, Central, Northern and Eastern. Climate change has influenced the temporal and spatial distribution of total annual river runoff and high and low flows in Latvia at the turn of century. The results confirm the hypothesis that the main tendency in the run-off change is a decrease in spring floods and increase in winter. Generally, statistically insignificant long-term trends were observed for summer and autumn. Klimata Mainības Ietekme uz Latvijas Upju Gada Noteces Sadalījumu, Maksimālajiem un Minimālajiem Caurplūdumiem Pētījuma mērķis bija analizēt klimata mainības ietekmi uz Latvijas upju gada noteces sadalījumu, maksimālajiem un minimālajiem caurplūdumiem, aptverot dažādus upju baseinus četros hidrologiskajos rajonos - Rietumu, Centrālajā, Ziemeļu un Austrumu rajonā. Pētījuma periods no 1951. līdz 2006. gadam bija sadalīts divos periodos: no 1951. līdz 1988. gadam, kad upju notecēs netika novērota būtiskas klimata mainības ietekme, un no 1989. līdz 2006. gadam, kad upju notecēs bija vērojama būtiskas klimata mainības ietekme. Salīdzinot pēdējā minētā perioda iegūtos rezultātu ar pirmo, varēja secināt, ka Latvijas upju gada noteces izmaiņas būtiski notikušas ziemas un pavasara sezonās un mēnešos. Upju notece ir pieaugusi ziemā par 11%, bet samazinājusies pavasarī par 8%. Lielākās izmaiņas upju gada noteces sadalījumā bija atrastas Centrālajā rajonā, mazākas izmaiņas - Austrumu rajonā. Neliels upju noteces samazinājums konstatēts rudenī (apmēram par 3%), bet nebūtiskas izmaiņas (pieaugums vai samazinājums) vērojamas vasarā. Līdzīgus secinājumus varēja izdarīt, analizējot mēneša vidējos, gada maksimālos, gada 30 dienu minimālos ziemas un vasaras caurplūduma datu rindas no 1951. līdz 2006. gadam.
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. | 2016
Inese Latkovska; Elga Apsīte
Abstract The study describes the trends of monthly mean water temperature (from May to October) and the annual maximum water temperature of the rivers in Latvia during the time period from 1945 to 2000. The results demonstrated that the mean water temperatures during the monitoring period from May to October were higher in the largest rivers (from 13.6 °C to 16.1 °C) compared to those in the smallest rivers (from 11.5 °C to 15.7 °C). Similar patterns were seen for the maximum water temperature: in large rivers from 22.9 °C to 25.7 °C, and in small rivers from 20.8 °C to 25.8 °C. Generally, lower water temperatures occurred in rivers with a high groundwater inflow rate, for example, in rivers of the Gauja basin, in particular, in the Amata River. Mann-Kendall test results demonstrated that during the monitoring period from May to October, mean water temperatures had a positive trend. However, the annual maximum temperature had a negative trend.
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. | 2008
Elga Apsīte; Ansis Zīverts; Anda Bakute
Application of Conceptual Rainfall-Runoff Model METQ for Simulation of Daily Runoff and Water Level: The case of the Lake Burtnieks Watershed In this study a conceptual rainfall-runoff METQ model—the latest version METQ2007BDOPT—was applied to simulate the daily runoff and water level of the Lake Burtnieks watershed from 1990 to 1999. The model structure and parameters were basically the same as in the METQ98, with some additional improvements and semi-automatical calibration performance. Model calibration was done for four rivers and one lake gauging station. The results of calibration showed a good correlation between the measured and simulated daily discharges. The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency R2 varied from 0.90 to 0.58 and correlation coefficient r from 0.95 to 0.83. The highest values of R2 = 0.90 and r = 0.95 were obtained for the River Salaca and the lowest R2 = 0.53 and r = 0.83 for Lake Burtnieks. We observed some relationships between the model parameter values and physiographic characteristic of the sub-catchments. Pētījuma mērķis bija izmantot konceptuālo nokrišņu-noteces METQ modeļa pēdējo versiju METQ2007BDOPT Burtnieku ezera baseina ikdienas noteces un ūdens līmeņa simulēšanā un atrast likumsakarības starp modeļa parametriem un kalibrējamo apakšbaseinu fiziogeogrāfiskajiem apstākļiem. METQ modelis un vairākas tā versijas (METQ96, METQ98, METQ2005 un METQ2006) izstrādātas Latvijas Lauksaimniecības universitātes profesora A. Zīverta (1935-2007) vadībā 20. gadsimta deviņdesmitajos gados un lietotas dažāda lieluma Latvijas upju un ezeru baseinu modelēšanā. Pēdējā versijā METQ2007BDOPT papildināta ar vienu kalibrējamo parametru beta un modeļa parametru pusautomātiskās kalibrācijas iespēju. Burtnieku ezera baseins bija sadalīts četros upju apakšbaseinos un kalibrēts uz hidrologisko novērošanas staciju Salaca-Mazsalaca. Modeļa kalibrācijas rezultāti parādīja labu sakritību starp novērotajiem un modelētajiem upju ikdienas caurplūdumiem un ezera ūdens līmeņiem: statistiskais kritērijs R2 bija no 0.90 līdz 0.58 un korelācijas koeficients r - no 0.95 līdz 0.83.
Hydrological Sciences Journal-journal Des Sciences Hydrologiques | 2017
Elga Apsīte; Oļģerts Nikodemus; Guntis Brūmelis; Ainis Lagzdiņš; Didzis Elferts; Zigmārs Rendenieks; Līga Klints
ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to determine the effects of climate variability, agricultural land drainage and afforestation of agricultural land on river discharge. The study was conducted in the Vienziemīte stream basin (6 km2), where discharge was monitored on a daily basis during the time period of 1946–2010. In the stream basin, natural afforestation of agricultural land began in the 1950s, and in the mid-1970s artificial drainage systems were installed in all agricultural land (70% of the total basin area). Climate variability and artificial drainage were the main factors observed to be affecting stream discharge. The changes were most evident in annual and seasonal mean, minimum and maximum streamflow. There was no effect of afforestation of agriculture land on stream discharge.
Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences | 2012
Elga Apsīte; Mārtiņš Kriķītis; Inese Latkovska; Andrejs Zubaničs
Changes in the hydrological regime of the lakes of Latvia have been caused by several natural and human factors. This publication summarises the results of research on the long-term and seasonal changes in the water level, and thermal and ice regimes of the three biggest lakes of Latvia (Usma, Burtnieks, and Râzna) and their regional features in the period from 1926 to 2002. The levels of the lakes Usma and Râzna have been controlled, but it can be considered that changes of the water level in Lake Burtnieks have been due to the impact of natural factors during the period from 1947 to 2002. Global climate warming has caused considerable changes in the hydrological regime of the lakes during the last decades, as the water level and temperature have increased and the number of days with ice cover and the thickness of ice have decreased. A positive trend in the freezing data and statistically reliable negative trend for the ice break-up date were observed for all the lakes. Lake Usma is located in the western part of Latvia, therefore, its hydrological regime, in particular, the thermal and ice regime, differs from those of lakes Burtnieks and Râzna which are located in the northern and eastern part of Latvia, respectively. Latvijas ezeru ilgtermiņa hidroloģiskā rcžīma izmaiņas ir noteicis dabisko un cilvēka darbības faktoru kopums. Šajā publikācijā ir apkopoti pētījuma rezultāti par trīs Latvijas lielāko ezeru - Usmas, Burtnieku un Rāznas - ilgtermiņa un sezonālās ūdens līmeņa, termiskā un ledus režīma izmaiņām un to reģionālajām īpatnībām no 1926. gada līdz 2002. gadam. Usmas un Rāznas ezeru līmenis ticis regulēts, bet Burtnieku ezeram ūdens līmeņa izmaiņas pētījuma periodā no 1947. gada līdz 2002. gadam notikušas dabisku faktoru ietekmē. Globālā klimata pasiltināšanās ir noteikusi būtiskas izmaiņas ezeru hidroloģiskajā rcžīmā pēdējās dekādēs, paaugstinoties ūdens līmenim un ūdens temperatūrai, kā arī samazinoties dienu skaitam ar ledstāvi un ledus biezumiem. Visiem ezeriem ir atrasta pozitīva tendence aizsalšanas datumam un statistiski ticama negatīva tendence ledus uzlūšanas datumam. Usmas ezers atrodas Latvijas rietumu daļā, tādēļ tā hidrolo- ģiskais režīms, jo īpaši termālais un ledus, ir atšķirīgs no Burtnieka un Rāznas, kuri atrodas Latvijas ziemeļu un austrumu daļā.
Baltica | 2012
Inese Latkovska; Elga Apsīte; Didzis Elferts; Līga Kurpniece
Climate Research | 2011
Elga Apsīte; Anda Bakute; Didzis Elferts; Liga Kurpniece; Inese Pallo
Hydrology Research | 2013
Elga Apsīte; Ilze Rudlapa; Inese Latkovska; Didzis Elferts
Hydrology Research | 2014
Elga Apsīte; Didzis Elferts; Andrejs Zubaničs; Inese Latkovska
Hydrology Research | 2017
A. Jurgelėnaitė; Jūratė Kriaučiūnienė; Alvina Reihan; I. Latkovska; Elga Apsīte