Elisiane Crestani de Miranda

Limiares de reconhecimento de sentenças no ruído, em campo livre: valores de referência para adultos normo-ouvintes

Nas clinicas de audiologia, as queixas de dificuldade de compreensao da fala em ambientes ruidosos sao frequentes, mesmo para individuos normo-ouvintes. Assim, o audiologista deve nao so identificar uma perda auditiva, mas tambem analisar a compreensao da fala, em condicoes de comunicacao proximas as encontradas no cotidiano. OBJETIVO: Determinar o valor de referencia para os limiares de reconhecimento de sentencas no ruido, em campo livre, para individuos adultos normo-ouvintes. MATERIAL E METODO: O experimento foi realizado nos anos de 2005 e 2006. Participaram da pesquisa 150 individuos adultos normo-ouvintes, com idade entre 18 e 64 anos, avaliados em cabine acusticamente tratada. Realizou-se a avaliacao a partir da aplicacao do teste Listas de Sentencas em Portugues. As listas de sentencas foram apresentadas em campo livre, na presenca de um ruido competitivo, na intensidade fixa de 65 dB A. O ângulo de incidencia de ambos os estimulos foi de 0o- 0o azimute. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSAO: Os limiares de reconhecimento de sentencas em campo-livre foram obtidos na relacao sinal-ruido de -8,14 dB A, sendo este o valor de referencia para individuos normo-ouvintes.

Proposta de acompanhamento em grupo para idosos protetizados

Implementing rehabilitation programs to hearing impaired adults is of great importance, mainly in the elderly population, and it is necessary to add them to the routine of outpatient care programs. AIM: to present a group care program for elderly patients who are fitted with hearing aids. MATERIAL AND METHOD: to carry out a pilot study of clinical and experimental type, with the participation of 40 elderly users of hearing aids donated by the government, distributed within six groups, with maximum of eight participants jointly with their respective companions. Program consisted of three meetings every fifteen days, where information and education on the proper use hearing aids was transmitted. RESULTS: Most of the patients participated actively in the meetings spontaneously giving their opinion or answering questions when so requested. All elderly had been informed as to the importance of accepting their auditory deficiency and on the need to be motivated towards using hearing aids. Moreover, listening to depositions of other elderly users seemed to facilitate understanding of their own difficulties and stimulated them in the process of getting used to the sound amplification. CONCLUSION: Groups structure facilitated interaction among aged ones, helping them to clarify communication doubts and strategies and, consequently, it promoted their adaptation.

Correlação do potencial evocado P300 com aspectos cognitivos e depressivos do envelhecimento

UNLABELLED The P300 is a long-latency auditory evoked potential highly dependent on cognitive skills. It is believed that cognitive changes caused or not by depressive symptoms may interfere with the P300. AIM To investigate the influence of aging, cognitive and depression aspects of the P300 latency in elderly people. METHODS Clinical and experimental study with 60 elderly patients with sensorineural hearing loss of mild to moderately severe level, 20 males and 40 females, average age of 71.1. Participants were submitted to the long latency auditory evoked potential, in which the P300 latency (milliseconds) was studied. The cognitive aspects were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Alzheimers Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog). In the assessment of depressive symptoms the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was applied. RESULTS We found a significant positive correlation between latency and age (p = 0.031). There were no significant differences among the P300 latency and the ADAS-Cog (p = 0.584), MMSE (p = 0.199) and GDS (p = 0.541) categories. CONCLUSION Aging caused an increase in the P300 latency; however, cognitive performance and the presence of depressive symptoms did not influence the P300 results in this elderly population.

Treinamento auditivo formal em idosos usuários de próteses auditivas

A implantacao de programas de reabilitacao para o deficiente auditivo idoso e de grande importância. OBJETIVO: Verificar a eficacia de um programa de treinamento auditivo formal em idosos que receberam proteses auditivas ha no minimo tres meses, por meio de testes de reconhecimento de fala e questionario de auto-avaliacao. METODO: Estudo de coorte contemporânea longitudinal. Foram selecionados 13 idosos usuarios de proteses auditivas intra-aurais em adaptacao binaural, de ambos os sexos, com idade media de 65,30 anos. Este grupo foi subdividido aleatoriamente em Grupo Experimental e Grupo Controle, por meio de sorteio. O Grupo Experimental foi submetido a sete sessoes de treinamento auditivo formal, visando estimular as habilidades auditivas de fechamento auditivo, memoria, atencao, figura-fundo e integracao binaural. Os participantes foram avaliados por tres testes comportamentais e um questionario de auto-avaliacao. RESULTADOS: Os idosos do Grupo Experimental apresentaram desempenho significantemente melhor nas avaliacoes apos o treinamento auditivo e tambem em relacao ao Grupo Controle. CONCLUSAO: O programa de treinamento auditivo em cabina acustica, associado ao uso de proteses auditivas, melhora o desempenho das habilidades de reconhecimento de fala e reduz a percepcao do handicap auditivo de idosos usuarios de proteses auditivas intra-aurais.

Formal auditory training in elderly hearing aid users

UNLABELLED It is of paramount importance to install hearing rehabilitation programs for the elderly. AIM To check the efficacy of a forma auditory training program for elderly patients fitted with hearing aids for at least three months, by means of speech recognition tests and self-assessment questionnaires. METHODS Longitudinal contemporary cohort study. We selected 13 elderly hearing aid users, using intra-canal hearing aids in both ears, from both genders, with average age of 65.3 years. This group was randomly divided in Experiment Group and Control Group. The Experiment Group underwent seven formal auditory training sessions, aiming at stimulating their hearing skills for hearing closing, memory, attention, background figure and binaural integration. The participants were assessed by three behavioral tests and one self assessment questionnaire. RESULTS The elderly from the Experiment Group had significantly better performance in the assessments after auditory training in comparison to the Control Group. CONCLUSION The formal auditory training program in a soundproof booth, associated with the use of hearing aids, improves speech recognition performance and reduces the perception of auditory handicap for the elderly who use intra-canal hearing aids.

Speech recognition thresholds in noisy areas: Reference values for normal hearing adults

UNLABELLED In audiology clinics, complaints about difficulties in speech recognition in noise environments are frequent, even for normal-hearing individuals. Thus, the audiologist must not only identify a hearing loss, but also analyze speech recognition, under noisy conditions similar to those found in our daily lives. AIM Determine the reference value for the recognition of phrases under noisy conditions, in the free field, for adult normal hearing patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was carried out in 2005 and 2006. We had 150 adult normal hearing individuals participating, with ages between 18 and 64 years, assessed in a sound-proof booth. We evaluation was based on lists of phrases in Portuguese. The phrases lists were presented in the free field, in the presence of a competitive noise, at the fixed intensity of 65 dB H. The incidence angle of both stimuli was 0 masculine- 0 masculine azimuth. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The phrases recognition thresholds in the free fields were obtained in the signal to noise ratio of -8.14 dB H, which is the reference value for normal hearing individuals.

Group follow up proposal for elderly with hearing aids.

UNLABELLED Implementing rehabilitation programs to hearing impaired adults is of great importance, mainly in the elderly population, and it is necessary to add them to the routine of outpatient care programs. AIM to present a group care program for elderly patients who are fitted with hearing aids. MATERIAL AND METHOD to carry out a pilot study of clinical and experimental type, with the participation of 40 elderly users of hearing aids donated by the government, distributed within six groups, with maximum of eight participants jointly with their respective companions. Program consisted of three meetings every fifteen days, where information and education on the proper use hearing aids was transmitted. RESULTS Most of the patients participated actively in the meetings spontaneously giving their opinion or answering questions when so requested. All elderly had been informed as to the importance of accepting their auditory deficiency and on the need to be motivated towards using hearing aids. Moreover, listening to depositions of other elderly users seemed to facilitate understanding of their own difficulties and stimulated them in the process of getting used to the sound amplification. CONCLUSION Groups structure facilitated interaction among aged ones, helping them to clarify communication doubts and strategies and, consequently, it promoted their adaptation.

Negative synergy: hearing loss and aging

Rev Soc Bras Fonoaudiol. 2009;14(3):435-6(1) Pos-granduanda (Doutorado) em Ciencias dos Disturbios da Comunicacao Humana – Campo Fonoaudiologico pela Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo – UNIFESP – Sao Paulo (SP), Brasil; Professora do Curso de Fonoaudiologia da Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de Sao Paulo – FCMSCSP – Sao Paulo (SP), Brasil. (2) Doutora, Professora do Curso de Fonoaudiologia da Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de Sao Paulo – FCMSCSP – Sao Paulo (SP), Brasil.