Elizabeth do Nascimento

Sobrecarga de familiares de pacientes psiquiátricos atendidos na rede pública

CONTEXTO: Pesquisas internacionais constataram sobrecarga em familiares cuidadores de pacientes psiquiatricos, mas no Brasil ha poucos estudos nesta area. OBJETIVOS: Descrever a sobrecarga objetiva e subjetiva de uma amostra de familiares e os aspectos mais afetados de suas vidas. METODOS: Estudo descritivo com 150 familiares de pacientes psiquiatricos selecionados aleatoriamente nos Cersams de Belo Horizonte (MG). Utilizou-se a Escala de Sobrecarga dos Familiares de Pacientes Psiquiatricos (FBIS-BR) e um questionario sociodemografico e clinico. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos cuidadores apresentou elevada sobrecarga objetiva relativa a alta frequencia de ajuda aos pacientes nas tarefas cotidianas e elevada sobrecarga subjetiva, referente as preocupacoes com os pacientes, ao elevado grau de incomodo ao supervisionar seus comportamentos problematicos e a percepcao de mudancas permanentes na vida social e profissional dos familiares. As alteracoes diarias na rotina nao acarretaram sobrecarga objetiva aos cuidadores. A media de gastos mensais com os pacientes foi de R

WISC-III e WAIS-III: alterações nas versões originais americanas decorrentes das adaptações para uso no Brasil

153,57. CONCLUSOES: Os resultados confirmaram dados de estudos internacionais com cuidadores de pacientes psicoticos e de estudos nacionais com cuidadores de pacientes idosos com depressao e demencia. Os resultados da presente pesquisa mostram a necessidade de desenvolver programas de informacao, orientacao e apoio aos familiares dos pacientes psiquiatricos.

Desempenhos nas duas tarefas do subteste dígitos do WISC-III e do WAIS-III

This paper presents the main alterations that were made in the Brazilian versions of the tests WISC-III and WAIS-III. Empirical analyses were based on a sample of 801 children living in the urban area of Pelotas-RS and 788 adolescents and adults living the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte-MG and they resulted in changes in the original versions of the tests, with respect to: the content of some items of the verbal scale; the order of presentation of the items of the scales; the time limit and bonus concession; the criteria to start and discontinue the application; the establishment of norms for age. In spite of the fact that each study was restricted to one urban area of the country, their results reinforce the importance of adaptation and validation studies of instruments that have been developed in a context that is different from those in which they will be used.

Predictors of subjective burden for families of psychiatric patients treated in the public health care system in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Digit Span subtest is comprised in the WISC-III and WAIS-III and it constitutes an attention and working memory measure. Assuming that performance in each part of this subtest implies in different cognitive functions, the determination of performance patterns and of discrepancies can be useful in clinical evaluation. The present article shows the results of the samples of Brazilian standardization of the tests WISC-III and WAIS-III in the forward and backward orders of the digits, analyzing the discrepancies between each of them. Subjects remembered a larger number of digits in the forward than in the backward. In WISC-III, the median of the maximum amount of digits retained by children was five digits in the forward and three in the backward. In WAIS-III, the median was five digits in the forward and four digits in the backward. The number of digits retained was lower than the reported for the American standardization samples.

Função executiva em idosos: um estudo utilizando subtestes da Escala WAIS-III

This study investigated the predictors of subjective burden for families of psychiatric patients. We interviewed 150 relatives of patients randomly selected in four mental health care services in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Subjects were interviewed with the Family Burden Interview Schedule (FBIS-BR) and a standardized socio-demographic questionnaire. Variables were grouped into thematic categories and separately analyzed to determine the relative importance of predictive factors. The results showed that subjective burden is influenced by objective burden and by factors related to the patients clinical condition, the caregivers and patients living and health conditions and financial status, and increased demand for information on mental illness. Subjective burden was less when the caregiver practiced leisure and religious activities, publicly admitted to being the caregiver of a psychiatric patient, and had positive feelings toward the patient. The findings highlight the need to include family follow-up in the community model for psychiatric care.

O impacto da mudança no critério de acerto na distribuição dos escores do subteste de leitura do teste de desempenho escolar

Evaluating executive functions is relevant because of their presenting premature decline with age. It’s necessary to make instruments for research and evaluation of elderly people available due to the increase of this population. This transversal study had as its objective the evaluation of executive functions of elderly people using five sub tests of WAIS-III identifying associations with age, gender and level of instruction. The communitarian sample consisted of 346 elderly people with average age of 74,14 years (DP = 8,49) and level of instruction of 7,2 years (DP = 4,5). The validity of construct was measured with tests of Verbal Fluency (convergent) and CES-D (divergent). Univariate Analysis have determined significant difference according to gender, with better masculine performance. Age correlated negatively and significantly to executive tasks. Level of instructions affected the processing speed, but not the attention, reasoning and visual, motor and perceptive organization. The study conclusion was in favor of the adequacy of the sub tests for executive evaluation of elderly people. The establishment of limit points is recommended in order to make the differentiation between normal and pathological aging possible.

Opinião de alunos de psicologia sobre o ensino em avaliação psicológica

The study investigates the impact of the introduction of a new class of errors within the original error set of the reading subtest of the Performance School Test on the distribution of the scores. The sample consisted of 306 1 st - 4 th grades of the school system of Belo Horizonte who participated in the study. For each child two scores were given: one based on the manual criteria (EB1) and the other on the criteria introduced in the present study (EB2) - which considered explicit sounding out of syllables or of part of the stimuli and self- corrections as incorrect responses. The results showed that the choice of the EB2 made the test more discriminative, but such a modification did not prevent the emergence of a ceiling effect, nor did it enable a normal distribution of the scores. The analysis showed that apart from the permissive criteria the excess of easy words and the shortage of difficult words affected the variability of the scores. Hypotheses about the difficulty of words were discussed in light of the psycholinguistics.The study investigates the impact of the introduction of a new class of errors within the original error set of the reading subtest of the Performance School Test on the distribution of the scores. The sample consisted of 306 1 4 grades of the school system of Belo Horizonte who participated in the study. For each child two scores were given: one based on the manual criteria (EB1) and the other on the criteria introduced in the present study (EB2) – which considered explicit sounding out of syllables or of part of the stimuli and selfcorrections as incorrect responses. The results showed that the choice of the EB2 made the test more discriminative, but such a modification did not prevent the emergence of a ceiling effect, nor did it enable a normal distribution of the scores. The analysis showed that apart from the permissive criteria the excess of easy words and the shortage of difficult words affected the variability of the scores. Hypotheses about the difficulty of words were discussed in light of the psycholinguistics.

Delineating the Construct Network of the Personnel Reaction Blank: Associations with Externalizing Tendencies and Normal Personality

Among the practical of the psychologist there is the accomplishment of psychological assessment. Mistakes in psychological assessments can reflect problems in psychologists formation. This paper presents a research that investigated, through a questionnaire, opinions about psychological assessment, emphasizing the use of psychological tests, of 358 students who were ending the graduation in psychology from four colleges of Belo Horizonte, MG. The results evidence that the students have received formation in psychological assessment area, however many of them have considered it insufficient. They know psychological tests and have recognized that tests present problems in the psychometrics parameters, being necessary its improvement. The Resolution n.o 2/2003 by Federal Council of Psychology, that defines discretions relative the production and trade of psychological tests in Brazil, is unknown by many students. We conclude that is necessary the improvement of the psychologist academic formation, aiming acquisition of abilities enough to enable him to professional exercise of better quality in the area in question.

Processo de validação da escala de comportamento do treinador: versão atleta (ECT-A)

Integrity testing has long been utilized in personnel selection to screen for tendencies toward counterproductive workplace behaviors. The construct of externalizing from the psychopathology literature represents a coherent spectrum marked by disinhibitory traits and behaviors. The present study drew on a sample of male and female undergraduates to examine the construct network of the Personnel Reaction Blank (PRB; H. G. Gough, R. D. Arvey, & P. Bradley, 2004), a measure of integrity, in relation to externalizing as well as normal-range personality constructs assessed by the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ; A. Tellegen & N. G. Waller, 2008). Results revealed moderate to strong associations between several PRB scales and externalizing, which were largely accounted for by MPQ traits subsumed by Negative Emotionality and Constraint. After accounting for MPQ traits in the prediction of externalizing, a modest predictive increment was achieved when adding the PRB scales, particularly biographical indicators from the Prosocial Background subscale. The findings highlight externalizing as a focal criterion for scale development in the integrity testing literature and help delineate the construct network of the PRB within the domains of personality and psychopathology.

WISC-III e WAIS-III na avaliação da inteligência de cegos

O objetivo deste estudo foi adaptar culturalmente e validar o questionario Coach Behavior Scale for Sport (CBS-S), de COTE et al. (1999) na Lingua Portuguesa, denominado de Escala de Comportamento do Treinador - Versao Atleta (ECT-A). Inicialmente o ECT-A constou de 13 questoes demograficas e 48 questoes distribuidas em seis dimensoes: Treinamento Fisico, Treinamento Tecnico, Preparacao Mental, Estabelecimento de Objetivos, Reforco Pessoal Positivo e Reforco Pessoal Negativo. No Estudo 1 (80 atletas ;), os resultados da analise fatorial mostraram que a maioria das questoes agrupou-se em dois fatores, contudo, a correlacao entre algumas questoes foi baixa, indicando a necessidade de revisoes semânticas. No Estudo 2 (168 atletas ;), houve uma melhora nos resultados da analise fatorial, pois a dimensao de Reforco Pessoal Positivo apresentou um perfil similar ao CBS-S, mas a correlacao entre oito questoes foi baixa, levando a exclus ao das mesmas. No Estudo 3 (222 atletas ;), a analise fatorial obteve, na maioria das questoes, um perfil similar ao instrumento original (CBS-S) e a correlacao entre as questoes foi satisfatoria (≥ 0,30). Os valores do Alpha de Cronbach, nas seis dimensoes, foram ≥ 0,70 nos tres estudos (N = 470), indicando uma fidedignidade satisfatoria. Esses resultados foram indicativos para a validacao do ECT-A, que na versao final ficou composto por 40 questoes