Elizabeth L. Rose

The power of individual cultural values in global virtual teams

This paper investigates the perceptions of members of 43 culturally diverse global virtual teams, with respect to team processes and outcomes. Despite widespread acknowledgement of the challenges presented by cultural differences in the context of global teams, little is known about the effect of these differences on team dynamics in the absence of face-to-face interaction. Using a student-based sample, we study the relationship between global virtual team members’ individualistic and collectivistic orientations and their evaluations of trust, interdependence, communication and information sharing, and conflict during the team task. Our results suggest that a collectivist orientation is associated with more favorable impressions regarding global virtual team processes and that cultural differences are not concealed by virtual means of communication.

Service Competitiveness – An Anglo-US Study

This article reports on the latest in a series of international comparisons of management practices and performance outcomes of industries in various countries. Here, it is the service industries in the UK and the US which come under the microscope. Among the companies surveyed, there were more world-class performers in the US than the UK, but also more low performers. The concluding part of the article is diagnostic – the authors also suggest measures which could improve performance.

A bootstrap approach to hypothesis testing in least absolute value regression

This study compares three alternative procedures for testing the significance of coefficients in least absolute value (LAV) regression, in the context of small samples. The three tests considered are: the likelihood ratio test using an estimator of the nuisance parameter proposed by McKean and Schrader (Comm. Statist. Simulation Comput. 13 (1984)), the Lagrange multiplier test, and a bootstrap test in which critical values of the test statistic are obtained by resampling. Comparisons among the tests are made by considering both observed significance levels and power. The bootstrap test used in this study performs well, compared to the other two tests. This result is in contrast to results, involving a somewhat different use of the bootstrap technique, obtained by Dielman and Pfaffenberger (Comput. Statist. Data Anal. 14 (1992)), and suggests that the use of the technique proposed in this paper has strong potential for applicability in hypothesis testing for LAV regression.

Knowledge Creation Through the Internal Information Market: An Integration of Total Quality Management

Total quality management and other activities of well-managed firms are considered critical components of a larger management metasystem, the goal of which is the creation of more competitive firms. Such activities can be viewed as means for obtaining i..

A Survey of the Teaching of Statistics in M.B.A. Programs

A survey of business schools was conducted to obtain information about the current state of the teaching of business statistics to students enrolled in M.B.A. degree programs. The survey was undertaken for and presented at a June 1986 conference on “Making Statistics More Effective in Schools of Business,” held at the University of Chicagos Graduate School of Business. Information was elicited concerning both the required statistics sequence and elective statistics courses for M.B.A. students, as well as computer usage in these courses. This article summarizes the information obtained from the survey.

An Emerging Structure of Corporations

As companies grow and increase the number of products they have on offer, they generally change and adapt their organizational structures, in order to arrange their resources and product mix in ways that will create value. We analyze various corporate structures that have been adopted by U.S., European, and Japanese companies, in the context of the resource‐based view of the firm. These corporate structures include functional, divisional, conglomerate diversification, core competence‐based diversification, and keiretsu. We also identify an emerging structure. This recent development is a network of alliances, aimed at pursuing economies of scale, scope, and speed.

Forecasting in least absolute value regression with autocorrelated errors: a small-sample study

Abstract Least absolute value (LAV) regression is a robust alternative to ordinary least squares (OLS) and is particularly useful when model disturbances follow distributions that are nonnormal and subject to outliers. The performance of the OLS estimator when the disturbances are autocorrelated has been studied extensively, but the performance of the LAV estimator in the presence of serial correlation is less well established. In this research, we study the forecasting performances of OLS- and LAV-based models for simple time series regression when the errors are autocorrelated. Monte Carlo simulation methods are used to compare the forecasting accuracies of the different models. A least absolute value analogue of the Prais-Winsten correction possesses an appealing robustness for the context under consideration.

Business strategy and performance in Indonesia’s service sector

Purpose The relationship between strategic choices and performance in service firms in emerging markets has remained largely under-researched. This study aims to address this issue by studying the performance of financial institutions in the context of Indonesia’s political, institutional and socio-cultural environment. Design/methodology/approach Using institutional theory, the authors analyzed data collected using surveys and interviews with senior managers in Indonesian financial institutions. Findings The authors find that the regulative and normative elements have forced organizations to incorporate the values set by the external institutional bodies. The organizations have undertaken structural isomorphism in response to culture-cognitive elements, and differentiate themselves by focusing on the provision of quality customer service and enhanced customer satisfaction. Originality/value The authors provide new insights by studying how the political and institutional environment and choice of strategy influences performance of the services sector in emerging economies.

Estimation and testing in least absolute value regression with serially correlated disturbances

Least absolute value (LAV) regression provides a robust alternative to least squares, particularly when the disturbances follow distributions that are nonnormal and subject to outliers. While inference in least squares estimation is well-understood, inferential procedures in the context of LAV estimation have not been studied as extensively, particularly in the presence of non-independent disturbances. In this work, we study three alternative significance test procedures in LAV regression, along with two approaches used to correct for serial correlation. The study is based on large-scale Monte Carlo simulations, and comparisons are made based on both observed significance levels and power.

Bootstrap versus traditional hypothesis testing procedures for coefficients in least absolute value regression

Several approaches to hypothesis testing for coefficients in least absolute value regression are compared using a Monte Carlo simulation: likelihood ratio test, Lagrange multiplier test, and three versions of the bootstrap hypothesis test. Factors considered that might influence test performance include the disturbance distribution, the type of independent variable, and the sample size. Overall, the likelihood ratio and the bootstrap tests perform best, with the likelihood ratio test being marginally more powerful. Least absolute value tests are also compared to the standard t test and three versions of the bootstrapped t test for least squares regression.