Elka Fabiana Aparecida Almeida

Evapotranspiração da roseira cultivada em ambiente protegido

The objective of this study was to determine the evapotranspiration and crop coefficient for the cut rose (cv. Carola) cultivated in protected environment and the coefficient of small tank installed inside the greenhouse during the period of one year. Five rows of plants were planted with spacing of 1.20 m between rows and 0.20 m between plants. Each line consisted of five plots with five plants per plot. Plants of the second and fourth rows and of the second and fourth plots were installed in four drainage lysimeters with dimensions of 1.20 x 1.20 x 0.80 m. The plants of the remaining plots were considered as border plants. A drip irrigation system was used. An automatic weather station was installed in the greenhouse and the data were collected and stored daily at an interval of one hour in a data-logger. The crop coefficient (Kc) showed mean values of 0.75 in the vegetative phase and 1.18 during the productive phase. The small pan (tank) coefficient (Ktr) was 0.72.

FUNÇÃO DE PRODUÇÃO PARA A ROSEIRA CULTIVADA EM SISTEMA DE PRODUÇÃO INTEGRADA

Roses are the main exploitation in floriculture in Brazil. The lack of information on the quantity of water applied along the phenological development stages of the plants, as well as defcient or excessive nutrient application to the plants may provide unfavorable conditions for rosebush development. This study aimed to make a technical and economical evaluation for rose production in terms of irrigation and nitrogen. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse and consisted of a randomized block design with split plots. These plots were defned by four irrigation depths (40, 70, 100 and 130%) and the subplots by four recommended nitrogen levels rate for rosebushes (40, 70, 100 and 130%), with four replications. The irrigation management was performed with tensiometers installed at the experimental treatments of 100% irrigation depths. Rose productivity decreased due to water defcit or excess; nitrogen rates did not affect the qualitative parameters of the buds; the irrigation depth that provided the maximum economic and technical effciencies were nearly identical.

Manure effect on the incidence of rose diseases in the Integrated Production System

Deficiency, excess or imbalance in the combinations of nutritional elements can influence the response of plants to pathogen infection by either increasing the level of defense or favoring the occurrence of diseases. The rose is susceptible to several pathogens and the consumer market requires flower stalks with no level of damage. Therefore, in the production of roses the application of pesticides is performed in a preventive and intensive way, which causes environmental contamination. This study evaluated the effects of chemical fertilization management and intercropping with green manure on the incidence and severity of downy mildew and powdery mildew in rosebushes grown in an Integrated Production System. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with Carolla rosebushes. The experimental design was a randomized block with split plot in space, with eight treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of four percentages of chemical fertilizer (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%), based on fertilization recommended for culture of rosebushes in the state of Minas Gerais, versus the presence or absence of green manure (Calopogonium mucunoides). Treatments that did not receive 100% of the chemical fertilizer had been incremented with two types of bio-fertilizers applied monthly, Bokashi (16 g/plant, applied to soil) and Supermagro (5% applied to leaves). Assessments of disease were carried out weekly on the central leaves of the productive flower stalks. In the integrated management of disease, preventive applications were made with alternative products and biological pesticides, such as neem oil (Azadirachta indica), sodium bicarbonate, bordeaux mixture, infusion of Equisetum sp., raw milk, silicon and bio-fertilizers. The alternative pesticides were efficient; however, despite reducing the frequency of application, spraying with chemical pesticides was necessary. None of the treatments related to chemical fertilization and intercropping with green manure influenced the incidence and severity of downy mildew and powdery mildew in Carolla rosebushes.