Ellen H. Goldberg

Experimental allergic orchitis in mice

Inbred strains of mice were studied for their susceptibility to the induction of experimental allergic orchitis after sensitization with mouse testicular homogenate in complete Freunds adjuvant accompanied by injections of extract from Bordetella pertussis. Susceptibility to autoimmune orchitis was found to be linked to the major histocompatibility complex in BALB/c and C57BL/10 mice and mapped to genes encoded within the H-2Ddregion. In five of six groups of bidirectional (susceptible × resistant) F1 hybrids, H-2Dd-linked susceptibility was inherited as a dominant autosomal trait. However, in (BALB/cByJ × DBA/2J)F1 and (DBA/2J × BALB/cByJ)F1 hybrids, dominant autosomal resistance to the induction of autoimmune orchitis was observed. Backcross analysis between the resistant F1 hybrid and the susceptible BALB/cByJ parent suggests that a single independently segregating DBA/2J locus is capable of negating H-2Dd-linked susceptibility, and controls resistance to the induction of autoimmune orchitis.

Effect of the TP5 analogue of thymopoietin on the rejection of male skin by aged and thymectomized female mice

Although young adult C3H/HeJ (OH) females do not reject C3H male skin grafts, OH females older than 1 year commonly do so, as also do many thymectomized, young adult C3H females. Therapy With TP5, a synthetic pentapeptide analogue of thymopoietin which has biological properties of the parent molecule, substantially reduced the capacity of aged OH females and of thymectomized, young OH females to reject OH male skin.

ANALYSIS OF A SEROLOGICAL DETERMINANT OF H-Y ANTIGEN: EVIDENCE FOR CARBOHYDRATE SPECIFICITY USING AN H-Y SPECIFIC MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY

Using a monoclonal antibody to H‐Y antigen we characterized the molecular determinant responsible for H‐Y reactivity. H‐Y‐positive cells were treated with enzymes which alter carbohydrate structure and then were tested for their ability to absorb monoclonal anti‐H‐Y antibody. Indications are that the serological determinant recognized by this antibody is a glycoconjugate containing terminal non‐reducing and internal galactosyl residues.

Detection of H-Y antigen on human male leukocytes

Abstract Using the Staphylococcus aureus binding technique, we have demonstrated H-Y (‘male’) antigen on human male leukocytes.

Skn 2 is linked to Myb on chromosome 10 of the mouse

The Skn alloantigens of the mouse are strain-specific proteins confined to cells sharing a common ectodermal lineage (Rees et al. 1993; Jackman et al. 1989: Scheid et al. 1972). Proteins encoded by Skn are expressed in epidermal cells of skin and distinct populations of neural cells of adult mice, yet fail to accumulate in hematopoietic cells. As a consequence, Skn alloantigenic disparities between A/J (A) and C57BL/6 (B6) mice result in a tissue-restricted histoincompatibility between these strains such that lethally irradiated B6 mice reconstituted with spleen cells from (B6 × A) F1 donors (denoted (B6 x A)/B6 chimeras), will inevitably reject skin grafts from A and (B6 x A) F1 mice, while accepting skin grafts from B6 mice (Boyse et al. 1970). Skn alloantigens have been shown to be targets of skin-directed autoimmune responses (Jackman and Goldberg 1993) and are candidates as differentiation antigens directing the commitment of cells to specific cell lineages (Boyse et al. 1970; Rees et al. 1993). Earlier studies by Wachtel and co-workers (1977) in which skin from [(B6 x A) F1 x B6] backcross segregants was grafted to (B6 x A)/B6 chimeras showed that Skn antigens are encoded by two unlinked genes, Skn 1 and Skn 2, each with alternative alleles in A (Skn 1 a, Skn 2a; Skn 1.1 and Skn 2.1 alloantigens) and B6 mice (Skn i b, Skn 2b; Skn 2.1 and Skn 2.1 alloantigens); a disparity at either locus is sufficient to mediate a rejection response. Others, however, have argued that Skn is a genetically complex locus represented by multiple genes (Fleming and Silvers 1981). In order to begin to resolve these issues as well as to provide a basis for characterizing strain-specific polymorphisms in Skn genes, we have initiated a molecular genetic characterization of the Skn histoincompatibility

Monoclonal antibodies defining the skin-selective alloantigens, Skn

The purpose of this communication is to describe a second Skn-specific monoclonal antibody, designated SK4, recognizing the Skn 1.1 alloantigen which has been used to provide information regarding the Skn 1.1 allotype of a panel of inbred strains using immunofluorescence and flow cytometric analysis

Serological detection of H-Y antigen in humans with a cellular radioimmunobinding assay and monoclonal antibody.

A sensitive and reliable serological assay for the detection of H-Y antigen is described which uses monoclonal H-Y antibody and a cellular radioimmunobinding assay on cultured human fibroblasts. Cell lines from 2 normal human females, 2 normal human males and one XX human male were tested in 3 separate assays. Cells from XY and XX males were found to contain H-Y antigen; however, the reaction against the XX male cells was found to be intermediate between the XY male and normal XX female cells.

Immunogenetic Analysis of the H-Y Antigen

The H-Y histocompatibility antigen was originally described as a cell surface component, responsible for the rejection of male skin grafts by otherwise histocompatible females of the same inbred strain1, 2. It seemed reasonable at the time to call the gene responsible for the expression of this male-specific antigen H-Y, because the incompatibility between the male and female had to be somehow linked to the Y chromosome3, 4.

Evaluation of a solid-phase cellular enzyme immunoassay for detection of the serologically defined male antigen

An indirect cellular enzyme immunoassay for the detection of the serologically defined male-specific antigen, SDMA, was developed using mouse spermatozoa as the target. Serum from B6 female mice injected with male spleen cells was used as the source of SDMA-specific antibody. Our results indicate that the assay is highly reliable (96% accurate) with an intra- and interassay coefficient of variation less than 12%. Since this assay is non-subjective and simple to perform it provides a useful alternative to the complement-dependent cytotoxicity assay for detection of SDMA.

Serological detection of an x-associated antigen in the mouse using a cellular radioimmunobinding assay.

Abstract Skin grafts between inbred strains of mice that differ with respect to an X-linked histocompatibility locus are generally rejected. Using a cellular radioimmunobinding assay, we have serologically demonstrated the presence of an X-associated antigen on lymphocytes of A/J female mice.