Eloane Gonçalves Ramos

Indirect calorimetry in the pediatric ICU

Failure to accurately estimate energy requirements may result in an impaired recovery. Overfeeding has been associated with increased carbon dioxide production, respiratory failure, hyperglycemia and fat deposits in the liver, while underfeeding can lead to malnutrition, muscle weakness and impaired immunity.

Alimentação saudável, escolaridade e excesso de peso entre mulheres de baixa renda

The scope of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the prevalence of being overweight and obesity in a population of low-income adult women living in a metropolitan region and its association with socioeconomic, demographic, reproductive and lifestyle variables, highlighting the importance of healthy eating. A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted with a random sample of 758 women aged 20 or older living in Campos Eliseos - Duque de Caxias - State of Rio de Janeiro. Bivariate and multivariate hierarchical regression was used to identify factors associated with overweight and obesity. A prevalence of 23% of obesity was found, and a prevalence of 56% of being overweight and obesity combined. An inverse association was found between years of study, being overweight and obesity. Most of the women reported having a healthy diet (73.6%) that increased positively with income, education and age. Failure to consume vegetables weekly was associated with being overweight and not having a healthy diet was associated with obesity. The results of this study demonstrate that even in low-income populations, a higher level of education has an impact on prevention of this problem and in food choices.

Noise measurement in NICUs and incubators with newborns: a systematic literature review

Se trata de una revision sistematica de la literatura para evaluar la calidad metodologica de los estudios que midieron el ruido en las unidades neonatales. Despues de buscar en las bases electronicas Medline, Scielo, Lilacs, BDENF, WHOLIS, BDTD, Science Direct, NCBI y Scirus, y de busca manual, fueron incluidos 40 estudios que atendieron el criterio “mensurar ruido en unidades neonatales y/o incubadoras”. El instrumento de analisis critico fue validado por expertos en neonatologia y acustica – nota media 7,9 (DE = 1,3) – y la confiabilidad interobservador en 18 articulos resulto en un ICC de 0,89 (IC95% 0,75-0,95). Los indicadores de calidad fueron 50% mejores para los estudios que midieron solamente en el ambiente de la unidad, asociando las estrategias de mensuracion al area fisica. Los resultados revelaron gran variabilidad metodologica, lo que dificulta la comparacion y algunas veces representa alta probabilidad de sesgo. El rigor necesario para garantizar la validez interna y externa fue observado en pocos estudios.

Use of a monitoring tool for growth and development in Brazilian children – systematic review

Abstract Objective: To assess the use of a health monitoring tool in Brazilian children, with emphasis on the variables related to growth and development, which are crucial aspects of child health care. Data source: A systematic review of the literature was carried out in studies performed in Brazil, using the Cochrane Brazil, Lilacs, SciELO and Medline databases. The descriptors and keywords used were “growth and development”, “child development”, “child health record”, “child health handbook”, “health record and child” and “child handbook”, as well as the equivalent terms in Portuguese. Studies were screened by title and summary and those considered eligible were read in full. Data synthesis: Sixty-eight articles were identified and eight articles were included in the review, as they carried out a quantitative analysis of the filling out of information. Five studies assessed the completion of the Childs Health Record and three of the Childs Health Handbook. All articles concluded that the information was not properly recorded. Growth monitoring charts were rarely filled out, reaching 96.3% in the case of weight for age. The use of the BMI chart was not reported, despite the growing rates of childhood obesity. Only two studies reported the completion of development milestones and, in these, the milestones were recorded in approximately 20% of the verified tools. Conclusions: The results of the assessed articles disclosed underutilization of the tool and reflect low awareness by health professionals regarding the recording of information in the childs health monitoring document.

Contraceptive practices of Brazilian adolescents: social vulnerability in question

This article seeks to analyze contraceptive practices of Brazilian adolescents and to discuss associated vulnerability situations. A cross-sectional study was conducted, using the database of the National Survey on Demography and Health of Women and Children _ PNDS 2006. Factors associated with the current use of contraceptive methods were investigated. The analysis included 986 sexually-active adolescents. Bivariate analysis between the outcome and each of the socioeconomic, demographic and reproductive characteristics of women was performed. The associations between variables were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression. Four factors related to outcome were identified in the multivariate analysis: having completed junior high school (aOR=2.29; CI 95% 1.07_4.85); being married or cohabiting with a partner (aOR=2.85; CI 95% 1.45_5.59); having used contraceptives during the first sexual intercourse (aOR=2.77; CI 95% 1.36_5.63); and having access to transportation to get to health center services (aOR=3.33; CI 95% 1.42_7.80). Adolescents with higher social vulnerability are at a disadvantage regarding adoption of contraceptive methods. This points to the need to establish intersectoral articulations of public policies, which could ensure their reproductive rights.

Mensuração de ruído sonoro em unidades neonatais e incubadoras com recém-nascidos: revisão sistemática de literatura

Se trata de una revision sistematica de la literatura para evaluar la calidad metodologica de los estudios que midieron el ruido en las unidades neonatales. Despues de buscar en las bases electronicas Medline, Scielo, Lilacs, BDENF, WHOLIS, BDTD, Science Direct, NCBI y Scirus, y de busca manual, fueron incluidos 40 estudios que atendieron el criterio “mensurar ruido en unidades neonatales y/o incubadoras”. El instrumento de analisis critico fue validado por expertos en neonatologia y acustica – nota media 7,9 (DE = 1,3) – y la confiabilidad interobservador en 18 articulos resulto en un ICC de 0,89 (IC95% 0,75-0,95). Los indicadores de calidad fueron 50% mejores para los estudios que midieron solamente en el ambiente de la unidad, asociando las estrategias de mensuracion al area fisica. Los resultados revelaron gran variabilidad metodologica, lo que dificulta la comparacion y algunas veces representa alta probabilidad de sesgo. El rigor necesario para garantizar la validez interna y externa fue observado en pocos estudios.

Repeatability and Diagnostic Value of Nasal Potential Difference in a Genetically Admixed Population

Background The genetic diversity of the Brazilian population results from three ethnic groups admixture: Europeans, Africans and Amerindians, thus increasing the difficulty of performing cystic fibrosis (CF) diagnosis. The nasal potential difference (NPD) evaluates the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) activity. Despite being a useful CF diagnostic test and a biomarker of CFTR-modulator drugs, it is also highly operator dependent. Therefore, it may be difficult to get accurate results and to interpret them. Wilschanski and Sermet scores were proposed to address these issues. This study aimed to evaluate repeatability and diagnostic value of NPD parameters and Wilschanski and Sermet scores in a CF center in Rio de Janeiro. Methods NPD was performed in 78 subjects. Maximal PD, amiloride response, total chloride response, and Wilschanski and Sermet scores were explored as means (confidence interval, CI). One-way ANOVA was used to compare mean differences and Scheffe test was used to pair-wise comparisons. Repeatability was evaluated by scatter and Bland-Altman plots. The Ethics Committee of the CF Center has approved the study protocol. Parents and adult participants signed an informed consent form. Results Forty-eight healthy-volunteers, 19 non-CF and 11 CF patients were enrolled in this study. Significant differences were found when comparing CF patients’ NPD parameters to the other two groups (P = 0.000). Moreover, no significant differences were found when parameters from non-CF patients were compared with those from healthy volunteers (P > 0.05). The means of NPD parameters and diagnostic scores of each group were in concordance with disease/non-disease conditions. The repeatability data - Wilschanski and Sermet and NPD - allow NPD to be performed in this Brazilian CF Center. Conclusions The present study gathered consistent data for Bland-Altman plots. The results of Wilschanski and Sermet diagnostic scores suggest that they were concordant with CF/non-CF conditions. More NPD tests should be performed in the Rio de Janeiro CF dynamic cohort to contribute to international NPD validation studies and to provide NPD as a biomarker in Brazil.

Dietary intake of pregnant adolescents cared for in primary health care units of a Brazilian urban municipality

OBJECTIVE to evaluate the adequacy of dietary intake and the anthropometric nutritional status of pregnant adolescents in the city of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METERIALS AND METHODS: forty-two adolescents (13-19 years of age), with single-fetus gestation, assisted in the public prenatal health care units between 2008-2014, participated in the study. Body mass index (BMI) was used to assess the nutritional status. Dietary intake was assessed by 24h dietary recalls on two days during a week and one during weekend. Basal metabolic rate was measured by indirect calorimetry and used to determine the energy requirements. Mixed effects models were used to assess dietary intake over the gestational weeks (random effect) and BMI. RESULTS mean age (SD) of the pregnant women was 16.5 (1.5) years and the majority received allowance from a cash transfer federal program. Overall, 30.3% were overweight/obese pre-pregnancy and 16.7%, during pregnancy. Energy and protein intake adequacies decreased with increasing BMI and gestational week. There was adequate dietary intake of energy, protein, vitamin A and zinc and insufficient intakes of iron and calcium. There was excessive intake of sodium. CONCLUSION pregnant adolescents living in underprivileged socio-economic environments assisted for prenatal care in primary health care units have adequate intakes of energy, protein, vitamin A and zinc. Pre-pregnancy overweight and high sodium intake are causes of concern due to the future implications for their health. The official Brazilian recommended criterion for anthropometric assessment in pregnancy of adolescents proved to be inadequate.

Mensuración de ruido en unidades neonatales e incubadoras con recién nacidos: revisión sistemática de literatura

Se trata de una revision sistematica de la literatura para evaluar la calidad metodologica de los estudios que midieron el ruido en las unidades neonatales. Despues de buscar en las bases electronicas Medline, Scielo, Lilacs, BDENF, WHOLIS, BDTD, Science Direct, NCBI y Scirus, y de busca manual, fueron incluidos 40 estudios que atendieron el criterio “mensurar ruido en unidades neonatales y/o incubadoras”. El instrumento de analisis critico fue validado por expertos en neonatologia y acustica – nota media 7,9 (DE = 1,3) – y la confiabilidad interobservador en 18 articulos resulto en un ICC de 0,89 (IC95% 0,75-0,95). Los indicadores de calidad fueron 50% mejores para los estudios que midieron solamente en el ambiente de la unidad, asociando las estrategias de mensuracion al area fisica. Los resultados revelaron gran variabilidad metodologica, lo que dificulta la comparacion y algunas veces representa alta probabilidad de sesgo. El rigor necesario para garantizar la validez interna y externa fue observado en pocos estudios.