Elsadig Yousif Mohamed

Comparison between oxytocin, ergometrine and misoprostol in active management of the third stage of labour: a randomized controlled trial

Background: The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of sublingual misoprostol, intravenous infusion of oxytocin, and intravenous infusion of Ergometrine in reducing blood loss during the third stage of labor. Methods: This is a no-random trial study conducted in in Ribat University Hospital, Khartoum among 150 laboring ladies with a healthy singleton pregnancy. After obtaining their written informed consent to participate in the study, they were randomly assigned to one of three possible treatment groups: 400 μg of sublingual misoprostol; 10 IU of intravenous infusion oxytocin; and 0.5 mg of intravenous infusion of Ergometrine. Blood loss was estimated by weighing the collected blood and converting the weight to milliliters. Results: The shortest mean duration of the third stage of labor was seen in patients who received misoprostol (3.89±0.37 min), followed by oxytocin (4.6±0.9 min), and Ergometrine (5.45±0.9 min). The lowest mean blood loss was seen in the patients who received 400 μg misoprostol (168.36±24.83 ml), followed by those who received 10 IU oxytocin (205.56±34.82 ml), and 0.5 mg Ergometrine (214.49±35.97 ml). Conclusions: Present study showed that 400 μg sublingual misoprostol was more effective than the conventional parenteral uterotonics in reducing the amount of the blood loss during the third stage of labor and has comparable effect to that of 10 IU intravenous oxytocin in shortening the duration of third stage of labor. It also showed that the use of misoprostol reduces the need for extra-uterotonics and blood transfusion.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of faculty members' about computer vision syndrome, Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia

The use of computers has become universal. Computer technology plays an integral role in our personal, professional and educational lives. With increasing use of computers by young adults in educational institutions as well as at home. 1 Today, a condition known as computer vision syndrome (CVS) also referred to as digital eye strain became a health problem. The American Optometric Association defines (CVS) as a group of eye and vision-related problems that result from prolonged computer, tablet, e-reader and cell phone use. 2 CVS is characterized by visual symptoms, which result from interaction with computer display or its environment. In most cases, symptoms occur because the visual demand of the task exceeds the visual abilities of the individual to comfortably perform the task. 3 Most common symptoms associated with CVS or digital eye strain are eyestrain, headaches, blurred vision, dry eyes, neck and shoulder pain. These symptoms may be caused by: poor lighting, glare on a digital screen, improper viewing distances, poor seating posture, uncorrected vision problems, a ABSTRACT

Knowledge, attitude and practices of evidence-based medicine among Sudanese medical doctors

Evidence‐based medicine (EBM) is defined as “the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of the best evidence in making decisions about the care of patients.” For some countries, it is a new area of expertise that all physicians ideally need to acquire to become more current in their daily practices. Most medical doctors working in Sudan have not received formal training in EBM. There is evidence that most physicians base their medical decisions on their own previous experience, consultation with colleagues or simply use common sense, and there is consistent evidence of physicians’ failure to translate research finding into clinical practice. Studies addressing medical doctors’ attitudes toward EBM are lacking in the Arab world and in developing countries in general. Sudan is not an exception, and there is a lack of information about the knowledge, attitudes and practices of its medical doctors of various specialties regarding EBM.