Elsafi Ahmed Abdalla

Evaluation of the technical specifications of computerized tomography scanners in Jazan

Introduction : good quality management for computerized Tomography (CT) scanners is essential to safe and efficient CT units, providing quality clinical images, maintaining patient and staff radiation doses as low as reasonably achievable. Aims : to evaluate the technical specifications of (CT) scanners in Jazan region in the period from 2011-2013. Materials and Methods : 13 CT scanners have been evaluated; 2 of them are in private sectors and the rest in public hospitals. The Technical specifications of CT scanners were assessed using template issued by ImPACT (Imaging Performance Assessment of CT scanners). Results : When comparing the 11 public scanners age with guidelines rules of European Coordination Committee of the Radiological and Electro medical Industries (ECCREI); it showed that scanners of Jazan region are within lifecycle guidelines, the total cumulative number of scanners since 1984 to 2013 are 15 scanners, 4 of them were replaced and the rest under use, multi detector CT scanners replaced most of the single detector scanners. for public CT scanners ; results show that all of the scanners are 3 rd generation, gantry bores are arranged between70-80cm, the x-ray tube inventory showed that there is no dual source CT scanner in the region and the anode storage heat capacity ranged from (3-8MHU) except Siemens 64slices and 20slices reached up to (30MHU). All of scanners in the region are built in solid state, image reconstruction time display per second is ranged from 1-40slice/seconds, advance clinical application software are available among the scanners. Jazan region CT scanners have a high capability and their technical specifications are in a rapid pace in developments that impacting on performance which depends on trade-off between image quality and patient dose.

A Study of Maternal Ophthalmic Artery Doppler Indices in Diabetics and Smokers

The aims of this study are to characterize the ophthalmic artery (OA) perfusion in smoker pregnant ladies, diabetic pregnant ladies and smoker diabetic pregnant ladies using Doppler indices and to compare with normal healthy pregnancy. The sample was divided into 4 groups: group 1 were normal healthy pregnant ladies (N=57) , group 2 were smokers pregnant ladies (N=44) ,group 3 were diabetic pregnant ladies (N=64),and group 4 were diabetic smoke pregnant ladies (N=71) ladies. All groups were examined and assessed during the pregnancy period for OA Doppler indices of both right and left eyes. The resistive index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), and mean velocity (MV) were determined. Comparisons were performed between the norms and the other three groups. Result showed significant increasing in RI,PI in the right and left eyes in all groups at p≤0.000 except in smoker pregnant ladies p≤ 0.069 , the PI decreased in the third trimester,as well the MV decreased significantly with advancing GA. A significant differences were detected between norms and the three groups at p≤0.000 In conclusion, Doppler velocimetry is an acknowledged technique for evaluation of the RI, PI, and MV in the OA. Regarding the results smoking provokes perfusion changes in ophthalmic artery in smoker pregnant ladies. Thus, there are signs of an OA vasoconstriction and hypoperfusion . OA blood flow velocity was decreased in diabetic pregnant ladies.

Study of early pregnancy loss using Ultrasonography

Background: Vaginal bleeding is the most common cause of presentation to emergency department in the first trimester. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to review the value of ultrasound in assessing the vaginal bleeding and early pregnancy loss and to find out any related abnormalities. Design: This is community-based study. It was carried out in Khartoum State, Major teaching hospitals, during the period from July 2010 to October 2013. Materials and Methods: The sample of the study was 302 female patients, who referred to ultrasound departments for obstetric scanning, their ages ranged between 15 and 50 years, their mean age was 25.3 years old. Ultrasound machines with 3.5, 5 MHz convex and endovaginal probe were used. The type of abortion was correlated with socioeconomic, sac localization and shape, cervix and adenexea characters as well as the presence of fetal congenital abnormalities. Results: The abortion types were characterized as incomplete, missed, threatened, complete, blighted ovum, inevitable, septic, recurrent, ectopic and molar as: 29.47%, 16.88%, 12.58%, 7.94%, 5.62%, 19.02%, 1.83%, 4.3%, 1.98%, and 0.66% respectively and showed highly significant relations with: -low socioeconomic status, Intra gestational sac location and shape, fetal congenital abnormalities, competent cervix and abnormal Adnexa. Conclusion: Ultrasound provided unique information about vaginal bleeding causes and outcomes and is useful in the detection of early pregnancy complications.