Emi Normalina Omar

Halal supply chain in the food industry - A conceptual model

Nowadays the market of halal products is widely distributed throughout the world. This has caused an increase in the demand for halal products not only by Islamic countries but also by non-Islamic countries. Hence, as halal is applicable not only to the Muslim people but also to the others, this causes the products to become well known globally as well as emphasizes the need for a halal supply chain. In view of that, a halal supply chain is vital in ensuring that the concept of halal is not only applicable for the food itself but also for the entire supply chain starting from the farm to the customer. Furthermore, the ‘halalan toyyiban’ concept which means wholesome also encompasses safety, quality and cleanliness of foods, and its logistics process becomes more attractive and lucrative. As a consequence, the aim of this study is to identify and distinguish the factors which lead to an effective halal supply chain in the food industry in Malaysia. In order to achieve this objective, a conceptual model is proposed based on the results of the interviews conducted with those who deal directly or indirectly with the poultry industry. The study found that halal animal feed, proper slaughtering and proper segregation are the three pertinent areas that need to be focused on in the halal food supply chain. Thus, the proposed conceptual model can be used as a guide or information for future halal logistics research.

Financial Literacy of Entrepreneurs in the Small and Medium Enterprises

The success of any small and medium enterprises (SME) has been associated with the ability of the entrepreneurs to be financially literate in managing the financial matters. The task of entrepreneurs does not only focuses on purchasing, allocating, and distributing the resources efficiently, but to be able to understand the running of the business in terms of possessing the knowledge on accounting, costing, and budgeting. Those entrepreneurs who are financially literate normally are able to sustain in the market, regardless of economic condition. A total of 100 respondents from SME have been chosen in this study. The study has revealed that the entrepreneurs are really give time and energy to know and possess the skills in financial matters. Among the variables chosen, budget control seems to be the main factor that entrepreneurs wanted to be expert at since a correct budget will determine the survival of the firm.

Islamic Personality Model: A Conceptual Framework☆

Abstract The field of personality or individual psychology has attracted a lot of researchers around the world to devote their efforts in conceptualizing, assessing, and establishing the nomological nets of various personality models and theories. However, some models and theories of personality are limited in their utilization. For example, there are a lot of instances where researchers are unable to derive a clear factor structure when applying the Big Five Personality Traits in their research works due to cultural and values incompatibility. Therefore, this paper attempts to conceptualize and develop a measure of Islamic Personality Model that addresses the issue of incompatibility through the application of both qualitative and quantitative research design. The proposed model will contribute all communities in addressing the role of Islamic Personality in psychology related fields.