Eren Altun

Goseki Grade and Tumour Location Influence Survival of Patients with Gastric Cancer

BACKGROUND Owing to the variability of histopathological features and biological behaviour in gastric carcinoma, a great number of categorisation methods such as classical histopathologic grading, Lauren classification, the TNM staging system and the newly presented Goseki grading method are used by pathologists and other scientists. In our study, we aimed to investigate whether Goseki grade and tumour location have an effects on survival of gastric cancer cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-four patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were covered in the investigation. The importance of Goseki grading system and tumour location were analysed in addition to the TNM staging and other conventional prognostic parameters. RESULTS The median survival time in our patients was 35 months (minimum: 5, maximum: 116). According to our findings, there was no relation between survival and tumour size (p=0.192) or classical histological type (p=0.270). In contrast, the Goseki grade and tumour location significantly correlated with survival (p=0.007 and p<0.001, respectively). Additionally, tumours of the intestinal type had a longer median survival time (60.0 months) than diffuse tumours (24.0 months). CONCLUSIONS In addition to the TNM staging system, tumour location and the Goseki grading system may be used as significant prognostic parameters in patients with gastric cancer.

Cervical Cytological Screening Results of 8,495 Cases in Turkey - Common Inflammation but Infrequent Epithelial Cell Abnormalities?

BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is the ninth most common cancer among females in Turkey. Cervical smear is a routine screening test used for the detection of cervical abnormalities and also it detects certain infections of the cervix. OBJECTIVE To analyze cervical smear results of our clinic in order to determine most frequent pathology of the women in North Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a retrospective study design, 8,495 cervical cytology cases diagnosed at the Pathology Department of the Regional Education and Research Hospital in Erzurum over the last one and half years extending from August 2012 to December 2013 were investigated. RESULTS The most common diagnosis was found to be inflammation, 65.5 % (5,566 out of 8,495), and the least was squamous epithelial abnormalities 0.2% (13 out of 8,495). There was some variation among the three pathologists regarding diagnosis but findings for the latter. CONCLUSIONS Regular cervical smear tests are one of the most important strategies in early diagnosis of cervical cancer but there are conflicting data regarding the prevalence of epithelial cell abnormalities in Turkey, and the reasons of this should be investigated.

Histopathological Results in Patients With Prostate Specific Antigen Below 1.5 ng / ml

Objectives: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is the most commonly used marker for prostate cancer. PSA-based screening has reduced disease-specific mortality. However, PSA is not specific for prostate cancer, but is specific for prostate tissue and increases in benign conditions. Material and Methods: In our study, 63 patients with PSA values of 1.5 ng / ml or less were evaluated retrospectively with 636 patients who underwent prostate sampling because of the suspicion of prostate cancer. Results: In our study, 34.9% prostate cancer and 4.1% ASAP were detected below 1.5 ng / ml of PSA. Our results suggest that a significant number of cancers were detected below 1.5 ng / ml of PSA. Conclusion: A significant number of prostate cancers are found below 1.5 ng / ml PSA. The lack of a PSA value that we can say without prostate cancer leads to the need for a low cost and reliable marker.

Changing Trends in the Incidence of Ovarian Neoplasia and Its Relationship with the Risk Factors: A Report of 311 Cases from North-Eastern Anatolia Region

OBJECTIVE Ovarian cancer is one of the most common and lethal gynecologic malignancy. In Turkey, the 8(th) most commonly seen neoplasm is ovarian cancer. The risk factors of ovarian cancer are menstrual reproductive events including gravida, menarche and menopause status, and life style habits such as cigarette smoking and habitat. In this study we aimed to determine the risk factors leading to ovarian cancer in Turkish women population and show the tumor markers in this population. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 311 ovarian neoplasia cases diagnosed at the Pathology Department of Ataturk University in Erzurum over last seven years extending from 2005 to 2013. This study is a retrospective analysis basing on the pathology reports and accesible patient files. Serum tumor markers of the patients were retrospectively reported from their records. Conventional stained preparations existing in our archive examined by two pathologists as well independent of each other, and histopathologic diagnosis and the distribution of the sub-group was revised. RESULTS A total of 311 patients were included in this study in which patients were diagnosed at the Pathology Department of Ataturk University in Erzurum. Serous cystadenoma is the most common ovarian tumor followed by mucinous cystadenoma, germ cell tumors, and dysgerminoma. All of the tumor markers were significantly normal. CONCLUSION Upto our knowledge this was the first epidemiological study in Turkey. Analysis of each countrys statistical information reflecting its own profile is also important. The relationship between the profiles of patients and types of ovarian neoplasia may give an idea about the risk factors of the disease in its region. Additionally, distribution of tumor markers might be considered for the discriminating of the benign or malign characters of the ovarian neoplasia.

[Hydatid Cyst Cases with Different Localization: Region of Erzurum].

OBJECTIVE In this study it is aimed to contribute in determination of geographic distribution of Hydatid Cysts in Turkey and to emphasize the clinic chaos of Hydatid Cysts cases found in various localizations, by indicating the prevalence of Hydatid Cysts in our region. METHODS It is evaluated that the cases diagnosed as Hydatid Cysts in Atatürk University Medical Faculty Pathology Depatment/Erzurum laboratories between 2003-2013; in terms of their age, gender, organ involvement and histopathologic detail. RESULTS In our study, 459 Hydatid Cysts cases are defined. The most common localizations of cases are determined as liver (n:280, 61%) and lung (n:86, 18,7%). Those are followed by the kidney (n:12, 2,6%), brain (n:12, 2,6%) and spleen (n:9, 2.3%). Multi-organ involvement is observed in 31 cases (6.7%), in 10 (2.2%) cases co-occurence of liver and lung is determined. Unusual organ involvement is observed in 64 cases (13.9%) while the liver and lung is not involved. CONCLUSION Hydatid Cysts is an important health issue which is endemically seen in our region. It can be observed in various localizations of human body, other than the liver and lung. Those various localizations lie behind the serious diagnostic problems in endemic regions.