Erhan Şener

Evaluation of water quality using water quality index (WQI) method and GIS in Aksu River (SW-Turkey)

The aim of this study is evaluate water quality of the Aksu River, the main river recharging the Karacaören-1 Dam Lake and flowing approximately 145km from Isparta province to Mediterranean. Due to plan for obtaining drinking water from the Karacaören-1 Dam Lake for Antalya Province, this study has great importance. In this study, physical and chemical analyses of water samples taken from 21 locations (in October 2011 and May 2012, two periods) through flow path of the river were investigated. The analysis results were compared with maximum permissible limit values recommended by World Health Organization and Turkish drinking water standards. The water quality for drinking purpose was evaluated using the water quality index (WQI) method. The computed WQI values are between 35.6133 and 337.5198 in the study. The prepared WQI map shows that Karacaören-1 Dam Lake generally has good water quality. However, water quality is poor and very poor in the north and south of the river basin. The effects of punctual and diffuse pollutants dominate the water quality in these regions. Furthermore, the most effective water quality parameters are COD and Mg on the determination of WQI for the present study.

Assessment of groundwater quality and health risk in drinking water basin using GIS

Eğirdir Lake basin was selected as the study area because the lake is the second largest freshwater lake in Turkey and groundwater in the basin is used as drinking water. In the present study, 29 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for physico-chemical parameters to determine the hydrochemical characteristics, groundwater quality, and human health risk in the study area. The dominant ions are Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO32-, and SO42. According to Gibbs plot, the predominant samples fall in the rock-water interaction field. A groundwater quality index (WQI) reveals that the majority of the samples falls under good to excellent category of water, suggesting that the groundwater is suitable for drinking and other domestic uses. The Ca-Mg-HCO3, Ca-HCO3, Ca-SO4-HCO3, and Ca-Mg-HCO3-SO4 water types are the dominant water types depending on the water-rock interaction in the investigation area. Risk of metals to human health was then evaluated using hazard quotients (HQ) by ingestion and dermal pathways for adults and children. It was indicated that As with HQ ingestion >1 was the most important pollutant leading to non-carcinogenic concerns. It can be concluded that the highest contributors to chronic risks were As and Cr for both adults and children.

Groundwater potential mapping by combining fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process and GIS in Beyşehir Lake Basin, Turkey

Delineation of the groundwater potential zones is one of the most essential process for the sustainable management of the groundwater sources. However, groundwater studies are quite hard and complex for many regions besides consuming time and cost. This study focused on the groundwater potential mapping in Beyşehir Lake Basin. Mainly, fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process (fuzzy-AHP) integrated with GIS was used to determine potential zones for groundwater. Seven parameters, namely lithology, lineament, drainage density, land use, slope, soil type, and rainfall were evaluated and Groundwater Potential Index (GWPI) was calculated using weight and rating coefficients of each parameter. According to obtained results, GWPI varies from 0.07665 to 0.28243 in the basin. The low, moderate, and high groundwater potential classes were determined with quantile classification method. The groundwater potential map demonstrates that the high groundwater potential area is located around the lake shore, in the alluvium and limestone fields because high permeability rates depend on soil type, low slope, karstic structure, and agricultural activities in these regions. In addition, the distribution of the springs confirms with groundwater potential area determined with this study.

KOVADA GÖLÜ’NÜN (ISPARTA) HİDROJEOKİMYASAL İNCELEMESİ

Kovada Golu Goller Bolgesinde ve Isparta il sinirlari icerinde yer almakta olup gol ve cevresi Milli Park ve I. Derecede Dogal Sit Alani statusundedir. Bu calismada Kovada Golu’nun hidrojeokimyasal ozellikleri ve su kalitesi incelenmistir. Golden sistematik olarak alinan su orneklerinin fiziko-kimyasal analiz sonuclari kullanilarak hazirlanan hidrojeokimyasal diyagramlara gore gol sularinda Mg, Ca, HCO3 iyonlarinin hakim oldugu belirlenmistir. Ayrica, Kovada kanalinin gole bosalim noktalarindan alinan su orneklerinde Cl ve SO4 iyonlari oldukca yuksek degerlerde olculmustur. Kovada golu su kalitesi acisindan incelendiginde golun antropojenik kirleticilerden olumsuz olarak etkilendigi ve golun otrofik seviyede oldugu gorulmektedir. Sonuc olarak, onemli bir su rezervi olan Kovada Golu’nun surdurulebilir yonetimi icin Kovada Kanali ile gole tasinan kirliligin onlenmesi ve olcumlerin periyodik olarak tekrarlanmasi zorunlu gorulmektedir.