Ernest W. Brewer

Employee Burnout: A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Age or Years of Experience

This study examined the relationship between age or years of experience and employee burnout by performing a meta-analysis on research studies that present findings on relationships between employee burnout and age or years of experience. The problem has practical significance in that the appropriateness of approaches to addressing employee burnout may depend on whether age or years of experience is a factor related to burnout. Results indicated that there was a small negative correlation between employee age and emotional exhaustion, one of the components of burnout, at least for employees in some fields in the United States, and possibly a small negative correlation between years of experience in a field and emotional exhaustion.

Job Stress and Burnout among Industrial and Technical Teacher Educators.

This study examined job stress and burnout among a random sample of 133 industrial and technical teacher educators. The Job Stress Survey (JSS) developed by Spielberger and Vagg (1999) measured stress; the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) developed by Maslach and Jackson (1996) measured burnout. Stepwise multiple regression was used to determine the amount of variance in job stress and burnout levels predicted by demographic characteristics. Participants perceived stressors related to lack of organisational support as more severe than stressors related to the job itself. Also, participants reported an average degree of burnout. Demographic characteristics did not explain a large amount of variance in levels of job stress or burnout. Findings from this study have implications for designing interventions for job stress and burnout in industrial and technical teacher education.

Job Stress among Hispanic Professionals.

This study explores job stress among a random sample of 219 Hispanic professionals. Participants complete the Job Stress Survey by Spielberger and Vagg and a demographic questionnaire. Responses are analyzedusing descriptive statistics, a factorial analysis of variance, and coefficients of determination. Results indicate that Hispanic professionals participating in this study experience higher levels of job stress than do individuals in a normative group. Furthermore, female participants report significantly higher levels of job stress than male participants do. Lack of organizational support contributes more to the variability of job stress among participants than job pressure does. Results from this study add to the body of knowledge on job stress and to the body of knowledge on work-related outcomes for Hispanic employees.

A Longitudinal Study of the Talent Search Program

This longitudinal study examined the impact of participation in the federally funded Talent Search program at The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. The Talent Search program provides career exploration and counseling services to low-income students with the potential to be first-generation college graduates. Postsecondary education enrollment rates of 758 Talent Search participants were compared with enrollment rates of a control group of 450 individuals who were eligible for Talent Search services but did not participate. Chi-square analysis revealed that Talent Search participants were significantly more likely to enroll in postsecondary education than were members of the control group (p < .001). These results have implications for career development services provided to low-income, potential first-generation college graduates.

Extrinsic Reward and Intrinsic Motivation: the vital link between classroom management and student performance

Abstract This article presents a survey and synthesis of literature on the short‐term and long‐term effects of extrinsic motivation on student performance and subsequent intrinsic motivation. The motivational contexts of extrinsic rewards, including classes of harmful effects and crucial motivational variables, are examined with the purpose of helping teacher educators recognize and avoid the potentially harmful effects of poorly‐designed reward systems.

Survey Research: Methods, Issues and the Future

Survey research is prevalent among many professional fields. Both cost effective and time efficient, this method of research is commonly used for the purposes of gaining insight into the attitudes, thoughts, and opinions of populations. Additionally, because there are several types of survey research designs and data collection instruments, the researcher has the flexibility to determine which methods will work best for his or her particular study. However, regardless of the method, the researcher must carefully select an excising instrument or construct the data collection instrument, as this is the key to a successful survey research study. This article defines survey research, outlines the basic structure for conducting such research, identifies some of the major challenges surrounding survey research and provides some recommendations, and provides some insights into the shape of survey research in the future.