Erval Rafael Damatto Junior

Adubação orgânica na produção e qualidade de frutos de maracujá-doce

It was evaluated the effects of the organic fertilization in development, production and fruits quality of sweet passion fruit (Passiflora alata Dryand). As an organic fertilizer, it was used cattle manure (50%, 100%, 150% and 200% of the recommended dose for the culture) and the control treatment. The experiment was conduced in Botucatu/SP, in a Red Nitosoil. It was evaluated length and diameter of the branches, number of fruits, fruits diameter, fruits weigh, pulp production, pH, acidity (g citric acid/100g of fruit), total soluble solids (°Brix) and the relation SST/ATT (Ratio). The best results were obtained with the dose of 100% (5kg of cattle manure plant-1. This treatment showed better quality, larger number of fruits and larger production.

Produção e caracterização de frutos de bananeira 'Prata-Anã'e 'Prata-Zulu'

Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas Depto. de Recursos Naturais/Solos

Alterações em propriedades de solo adubado com doses de composto orgânico sob cultivo de bananeira

Aiming to evaluate the effects of different organic compost rates in chemical properties of soil cultivated with banana plants Prata-ana (Musa AAB), this present work was carried out at Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas - UNESP, Botucatu-SP. Plants were placed in the prepared area in November 2002, at 2,5 x 2,5 m spacing between plants. The organic compost was produced using wood residue and bovine manure and the treatments were constituted by different compost rates: T1 = 0 g plant-1 of K2O (zero of compost); T2 = 98,5 g plant-1 of K2O (43 kg plant-1 of compost); T3 = 197,0 g plant-1 of K2O (86 kg plant-1 of compost); T4 = 290,5 g plant-1 of K2O (129 kg plant-1 of compost); T5 = 394,0 g plant-1 of K2O (172 kg plant-1 of compost). Rates were calculated based on the amount of potassium contained in the compost. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, with 5 treatments, 5 replications and 2 plants per plot. Data were submitted to variance analysis and to regression analysis. Four months after the last compost application, the soil was sampled at 20 cm deep and the chemical properties of the soil were evaluated. The organic fertilization increased pH, organic matter, phosphorus, calcium, the sum of bases, CTC, and the base saturation of the soil.

Avaliação nutricional em folhas de bananeira 'Prata-anã' adubadas com composto orgânico

The present work was carried out aiming to evaluate nutritional plants conditions with different organic compost rates in the first production cycle of banana Prata Ana in Botucatu-SP. Different organic compost rates were used for the treatments: T1 = 0 g of K2O/plant (zero of the compost); T2 = 98,5 g of K2O/plant (43 kg of the compost/plant); T3 = 197,0 g of K2O/plant (86 kg of the compost/plant); T4 = 290,5 g of K2O/plant (129 kg of the compost/plant ); and T5 = 394,0 g of K2O/plant (172 kg of the compost/plant). The compost rates were calculated based on the quantity of potassium contained in the compost. The experiment was arranged in randomized blocks design, with 5 treatments, 5 replications and 2 plants per plot. The obtained data were submitted to variance analyses and to regression analyses. The effects of organic fertilization were evaluated by chemical leaves analyses of macro and micro nutrients during blooming and harvest. The organic fertilization didnt provide differences in leaves nutrients concentration of banana Prata Ana. Therefore it was observed that the potassium contents in the leaves, considered appropriate to Prata-Ana banana, could be smaller than the ones recommended to the culture.

Efeitos do esterco de curral na fertilidade do solo, no estado nutricional e na produção da figueira

The effects of coat manure rates in fig trees (Ficus carica L.), nutrition and yield were evaluated in Botucatu-SP. The treatments were constituted by coat manure rates: control, 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, 100 %, 125 % and 150 % of the recommended nitrogen rate. The nutrition of fig plants was evaluated by soil samples and foliar analyses in the blooming. The fruits harvest started in December of 2005 and it was over in April of 2006, and with this data, it was determined the production and the productivity. The management with coat manure was very efficient to supply the culture nutritional requirement, once the leaves nutrients levels were good to the culture, indicating positive results in relation to the fruit production.

Perfil radicular da figueira sob efeito de níveis de adubação orgânica

The research had as purpose to evaluate the root system distribution of Purple of Valinhos fig plants cultivated with manure levels, during four years. The fig orchard was planted in Botucatu-SP, at a Red Nitossolo soil with the plants designed at 3 m between lines and 2 m between plants. The treatments were constituted by increasing organic manure levels with cattle manure, according to the recommended nitrogen level for the trees: control (without manure), 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, 125% and 150% of level manure recommended. The evaluation of root system distribution were made four years after the orchard installation. From each plant were taken four samples at 0-40 cm distance of the stem, in the depth of 0-40 cm. After, the samples were washed and dried (65 oC) for post-evaluation of the dry weight, depth and distance of the roots. It was observed that the root development was higher in the horizontal position when compared with the vertical. The bigger root weight was obtained with the application of 150% of N level recommended and the smaller root weight was observed without manure (43,3 g).

Caracterização das áreas de cultivo da bananeira 'maçã' na região de Ribeirão do Sul/SP

Objetivou-se com este trabalho caracterizar os produtores de bananeira Maca do municipio de Ribeirao do Sul/SP, quanto a tecnologia empregada no cultivo da frutifera e a producao obtida. A partir desta avaliacao preliminar, pretendeu-se estabelecer algumas inferencias com relacao a incidencia da doenca Mal-do-Panama e o diagnostico nutricional das propriedades. Atraves dos questionarios aplicados, bem como das analises foliares e de solo, detectou-se que os produtores realizam a pratica da adubacao e calagem sem resultados de analise de solo, nao realizam analises foliares e que os teores de nutrientes no solo e nas folhas apresentam-se em niveis desbalanceados para muitas propriedades avaliadas. A incidencia da doenca Mal-do-Panama foi considerada baixa ou ausente em 65% das propriedades avaliadas.

Tratamento hidrotérmico na manutenção da qualidade pós-colheita de maracujá-amarelo

To assess the effects of immersion temperature on the maintenance of postharvest quality of passion fruit, an experiment was installed in FCA/UNESP. It was composed of seven treatments: T1 (control), T2 (35°C for 2 hours), T3 (35°C for 4 hours), T4 (43°C for 2 hours), T5 (43°C for 4 hours), T6 (53°C for 2 hours), T7 (53°C for 4 hours). The fruits were maintained in BOD chambers at 12 ± 1°C and 80-90% RH. Samples of each treatment were collected every other three days. It was analyzed: Destructive group - pH, firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), ratio (SS/TA), pulp yield and vitamin C, as well as mass loss and peel color were determined for the control group. According to the results, lower temperatures treatments, such as T2 and T3, showed fruit with less mass loss, best color maintenance, good firmness maintenance and reasonable vitamin C content. Whereas higher temperatures caused damages to the appearance of the fruit (burned peels) and reduced vitamin C content in the pulp.

Distribuição do sistema radicular do maracujazeiro-doce cultivado com adubação química e orgânica

O experimento teve como objetivo avaliar a distribuicao das raizes do maracujazeiro-doce (Passiflora alata Dryand), cultivado em Nitossolo Vermelho, sob adubacao quimica e orgânica, em Botucatu-SP. Foram utilizadas plantas com 19 meses de idade, em producao, conduzidas em latada e com irrigacao. Os tratamentos com fertilizantes quimicos e esterco de curral curtido foram os seguintes: T1 (400 g de sulfato de amonia), T2 (2,5kg de esterco), T3 (5,0kg de esterco), T4 (7,5kg de esterco) e T5 (10,0kg de esterco), acrescidos de 200g de termofosfato, 137g de cloreto de potassio e 2,0kg de calcario por planta, em todos os tratamentos, parcelados em duas aplicacoes. Foram empregadas 3 plantas por tratamento, sendo retiradas quatro amostras de cada uma, a 0-20 e 20-40cm de profundidade e distância do tronco. Os resultados evidenciaram que nao houve diferencas significativas entre os tratamentos para massa seca das raizes. Em todos os tratamentos, houve concentracao das raizes a 0-20cm de distância do tronco. Nas parcelas com adubo orgânico, houve melhor distribuicao das raizes em profundidade.

Avaliação da época de estaquia e uso de bioregulador no enraizamento de estacas de figueira

O trabalho objetivou avaliar a propagacao da figueira com estacas semilenhosas, empregando-se concentracoes de acido indolbutirico, em diferentes epocas de coleta. O material propagativo utilizado foi proveniente de figueiras da cv. Roxo de Valinhos, com 5 anos de idade. As estacas foram retiradas por ocasiao da poda hibernal, no final dos meses de agosto, setembro e outubro, as quais foram tratadas com AIB preparado em po, nas seguintes concentracoes: 0 (testemunha); 2.500; 5.000; 7.500 e 10.000 mg kg-1. Posteriormente, foram colocadas para enraizar em bandejas de polipropileno, tendo como substrato vermiculita e mantidas sob nebulizacao intermitente por 70 dias. Decorrido esse periodo, avaliaram-se a porcentagem de estacas enraizadas (%), o comprimento da maior raiz (cm) e a massa seca das raizes (g). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 x 5. Observou-se que estacas provenientes do tratamento-testemunha e da poda de agosto apresentaram baixa porcentagem de enraizamento (20%), menor comprimento e massa seca de raiz, necessitando de tratamento com AIB na concentracao de 2.500 mg kg-1, que aumentou significativamente esta porcentagem (90%). Estacas oriundas da poda de setembro e outubro nao necessitaram de tratamento com AIB para conseguirem um elevado enraizamento. O mes de setembro foi o mais viavel para a coleta de estacas de figueira, pois houve maior porcentagem de enraizamento das estacas (95-100%). As estacas tratadas com 7.500 e 10.000 mg kg-1 de AIB apresentaram as mais baixas porcentagens de enraizamento nos meses de agosto e outubro.