Estela Melguizo Herrera

Prácticas de autocuidado en adultos mayores: un estudio cualitativo en una población mexicana

Background: Older adults perform self-care activities based on common knowledge, which should be valued by the nursing team. Objectives: To describe and analyze the self-care behaviors of older adults in a Mexican population. Methodology: Qualitative ethnographic study, using Leininger’s qualitative research method. Results: Seventeen older adults were interviewed. Te analysis resulted in 4 explanatory patterns: 1) I keep my peace of mind through what I think, feel, and believe; 2) I watch my diet and pay attention not only to what I eat but also how I eat it; 3) Staying busy is what keeps me going; 4) and Seeking help and helping myself. Te following risk behaviors were identifed: Postponing medical care; Self-medication; and Food-related beliefs. Conclusion: Identifying older adults’ reported behaviors would contribute to the planning of culturally-sensitive nursing interventions.Background: Older adults perform self-care activities based on common knowledge, which should be valued by the nursing team. Objectives: To describe and analyze the self-care behaviors of older adults in a Mexican population. Methodology: Qualitative ethnographic study, using Leininger’s qualitative research method. Results: Seventeen older adults were interviewed. The analysis resulted in 4 explanatory patterns: 1) I keep my peace of mind through what I think, feel, and believe; 2) I watch my diet and pay attention not only to what I eat but also how I eat it; 3) Staying busy is what keeps me going; 4) and Seeking help and helping myself. The following risk behaviors were identified: Postponing medical care; Self-medication; and Food-related beliefs. Conclusion: Identifying older adults’ reported behaviors would contribute to the planning of culturally-sensitive nursing interventions.

Cognitive Stimulation of Elderly Residents in Social Protection Centers in Cartagena, 2014

OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of a program of cognitive stimulation of the elderly residents in Social Protection Centers in Cartagena, 2014. METHODS Quasi-experimental study with pre and post tests in control and experimental groups. A sample of 37 elderly residents in Social Protection Centers participated: 23 in the experimental group and 14 in the control group. A survey and a mental evaluation test (Pfeiffer) were applied. The experimental group participated in 10 sessions of cognitive stimulation. RESULTS The paired t-test showed statistically significant differences in the Pfeiffer test, pre and post intervention, compared to the experimental group (P=.0005). The unpaired t-test showed statistically significant differences in Pfeiffer test results to the experimental and control groups (P=.0450). The analysis of the main components showed that more interrelated variables were: age, diseases, number of errors and test results; which were grouped around the disease variable, with a negative association. CONCLUSIONS The intervention demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in cognitive functionality of the elderly. Nursing can lead this type of intervention. It should be studied further to strengthen and clarify these results.

Calidad de vida de persona con heridas complejas en Cartagena, Colombia

Objetivo Estimar la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con Salud-CVRS- de personas con heridas complejas que reciben cuidados en una Institucion Prestadora de Servicios de Salud Extramural en Cartagena, durante mayo-junio de 2010. Materiales y metodos Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, cuya poblacion y muestra fueron 93 personas adultas que reciben cuidados en el programa de heridas complejas de una Institucion Prestadora de Servicios de Salud Extramural de la ciudad de Cartagena. Se aplico un cuestionario sobre caracteristicas socio demografico, una guia de observacion sobre las caracteristicas de las heridas y el “Indice Multicultural de Calidad de Vida”. Para el analisis estadistico se empleo el software SPSS 12. Resultados El promedio de edad fue de 59,3 anos; p redomino genero femenino, 61,3 %; estado civil casado, 43,0 %; ocupacion hogar, 38,7 %; escolaridad primaria, 38,7 %; y estratos socio-economicos 2 y 3, 68,8 %. El 93,5 % de los participantes tienen afiliacion a la seguridad social en salud. Las heridas complejas se caracterizaron por presentar mayor porcentaje en la fase proliferativa de la cicatrizacion, 80,6 %; medir de seis a diez centimetros, 63,4 %; no reportar infecciones, 85 %; no presentar amputacion, 90,3 %; ni dolor relacionado con la herida, 52,7 % y presentar limitacion fisica relacionada con la herida, 66,7 %. Conclusiones Las personas perciben su CVRS como mala, resaltando con baja puntuacion las dimensiones de plenitud personal, funcionamiento ocupacional y bienestar fisico y psicologico.OBJECTIVE Estimating the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of people suffering complex wounds who were receiving care in an extramural health service provider institution in Cartagena during May-June 2010. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a quantitative, descriptive study where the population/sample consisted of 93 adults receiving care in an extramural health service provider institutions complex wounds program in the city of Cartagena. A questionnaire regarding socio-demographic characteristics, an observational guide on the characteristics of injuries and the Multicultural Quality of Life Index were used. SPSS 12.0 software was used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS Mean age was 59.3 years, females predominated (61.3%), 43.0% were married, 38.7% were housewives, 38.7% had finished primary education, 68.8% came from socioeconomic levels 2 and 3 and 93.5% of the participants had health social security affiliation. Complex wounds were characterised by a greater percentage being in the proliferative phase of healing (80.6%), measuring six to ten inches (63.4%) no infection being reported (85%), no amputation (90.3%) or wound-related pain (52.7%) and presenting physical limitations related to the wound (66.7%). CONCLUSIONS People perceived their HRQOL as poor, their low scores highlighting low personal fulfillment, occupational functioning and physical and psychological wellbeing.