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Dive into the research topics where Eugenio Mattei is active.

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Featured researches published by Eugenio Mattei.


Biomedical Engineering Online | 2008

Complexity of MRI induced heating on metallic leads: Experimental measurements of 374 configurations

Eugenio Mattei; Michele Triventi; Giovanni Calcagnini; Federica Censi; Wolfgang Kainz; Gonzalo Mendoza; Howard Bassen; Pietro Bartolini

BackgroundMRI induced heating on PM leads is a very complex issue. The widely varying results described in literature suggest that there are many factors that influence the degree of heating and that not always are adequately addressed by existing testing methods.MethodsWe present a wide database of experimental measurements of the heating of metallic wires and PM leads in a 1.5 T RF coil. The aim of these measurements is to systematically quantify the contribution of some potential factors involved in the MRI induced heating: the length and the geometric structure of the lead; the implant location within the body and the lead path; the shape of the phantom used to simulate the human trunk and its relative position inside the RF coil.ResultsWe found that the several factors are the primary influence on heating at the tip. Closer locations of the leads to the edge of the phantom and to the edge of the coil produce maximum heating. The lead length is the other crucial factor, whereas the implant area does not seem to have a major role in the induced temperature increase. Also the lead structure and the geometry of the phantom revealed to be elements that can significantly modify the amount of heating.ConclusionOur findings highlight the factors that have significant effects on MRI induced heating of implanted wires and leads. These factors must be taken into account by those who plan to study or model MRI heating of implants. Also our data should help those who wish to develop guidelines for defining safe medical implants for MRI patients. In addition, our database of the entire set of measurements can help those who wish to validate their numerical models of implants that may be exposed to MRI systems.


IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering | 2010

Numerical Model for Estimating RF-Induced Heating on a Pacemaker Implant During MRI: Experimental Validation

Eugenio Mattei; Giovanni Calcagnini; Federica Censi; Michele Triventi; Pietro Bartolini

MRI may cause tissue heating in patients implanted with pacemakers (PMs) or cardioverters/defibrillators. As a consequence, these patients are often preventatively excluded from MRI investigations. The issue has been studied for several years now, in order to identify the mechanisms involved in heat generation, and define safety conditions by which MRI may be extended to patients with active implants. In this sense, numerical studies not only widen the range of experimental measurements, but also model a realistic patients anatomy on which it is possible to study individually the impact of the many parameters involved. In order to obtain reliable results, however, each and every numerical analysis needs to be validated by experimental evidence. Aim of this paper was to design and validate through experimental measurements, an accurate numerical model, which was able to reproduce the thermal effects induced by a birdcage coil on human tissues containing a metal implant, specifically, a PM. The model was then used to compare the right versus left pectoral implantation of a PM, in terms of power deposited at the lead tip. This numerical model may also be used as reference for validating simpler models in terms of computational effort.


IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility | 2008

A Study of the Interaction Between Implanted Pacemakers and the Radio-Frequency Field Produced by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus

Stefano Pisa; Giovanni Calcagnini; Marta Cavagnaro; Emanuele Piuzzi; Eugenio Mattei; Paolo Bernardi

Specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature increases produced inside a thorax model by an MRI apparatus equipped with a birdcage antenna operating at 64 MHz have been studied both experimentally and numerically. Considering a pacemaker (PM) equipped with a unipolar catheter inserted inside the thorax model, peak SARs averaged over 1 mg between 240 and 6400 W/kg, depending on the catheter section and length, on its position inside the phantom, and on field polarization have been obtained close to the catheter tip. On the other hand, the average SAR in the whole thorax is not influenced by the presence of the PM. Temperature increments from 0.6degC to 15degC have been obtained for 6-min MRI investigations with the lowest values when the radio-frequency (RF) magnetic field is linearly polarized along a direction perpendicular to the implant plane.


Neuropsychopharmacology | 2015

Effect of Parasympathetic Stimulation on Brain Activity During Appraisal of Fearful Expressions

Elena Makovac; Sarah N. Garfinkel; Andrea Bassi; Barbara Basile; Emiliano Macaluso; Mara Cercignani; Giovanni Calcagnini; Eugenio Mattei; Daniela Agalliu; Pietro Cortelli; Carlo Caltagirone; Marco Bozzali; Hugo D. Critchley

Autonomic nervous system activity is an important component of human emotion. Mental processes influence bodily physiology, which in turn feeds back to influence thoughts and feelings. Afferent cardiovascular signals from arterial baroreceptors in the carotid sinuses are processed within the brain and contribute to this two-way communication with the body. These carotid baroreceptors can be stimulated non-invasively by externally applying focal negative pressure bilaterally to the neck. In an experiment combining functional neuroimaging (fMRI) with carotid stimulation in healthy participants, we tested the hypothesis that manipulating afferent cardiovascular signals alters the central processing of emotional information (fearful and neutral facial expressions). Carotid stimulation, compared with sham stimulation, broadly attenuated activity across cortical and brainstem regions. Modulation of emotional processing was apparent as a significant expression-by-stimulation interaction within left amygdala, where responses during appraisal of fearful faces were selectively reduced by carotid stimulation. Moreover, activity reductions within insula, amygdala, and hippocampus correlated with the degree of stimulation-evoked change in the explicit emotional ratings of fearful faces. Across participants, individual differences in autonomic state (heart rate variability, a proxy measure of autonomic balance toward parasympathetic activity) predicted the extent to which carotid stimulation influenced neural (amygdala) responses during appraisal and subjective rating of fearful faces. Together our results provide mechanistic insight into the visceral component of emotion by identifying the neural substrates mediating cardiovascular influences on the processing of fear signals, potentially implicating central baroreflex mechanisms for anxiolytic treatment targets.


international conference of the ieee engineering in medicine and biology society | 2006

MRI induced heating of pacemaker leads: effect of temperature probe positioning and pacemaker placement on lead tip heating and local SAR.

Eugenio Mattei; Giovanni Calcagnini; Michele Triventi; Federica Censi; Pietro Bartolini; Wolfgang Kainz; Howard Bassen

The radio frequency field used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures leads to temperature and local absorption rate (SAR) increase for patients with implanted pacemakers (PM). In this work a methodological approach for temperature and SAR measurements using fluoroptic probes is presented. Experimental measures show how the position of temperature probes affects the temperature and SAR value measured at the lead tip. The transversal contact between the active portion of the probe and the lead tip is the configuration associated with the highest values for temperature and SAR, whereas other configurations may lead to an underestimation close to 11% and 70% for temperature and SAR, respectively. In addition measurements were performed on a human-shaped phantom inside a real MRI system, in order to investigate the effect of the PM placement and of the lead geometry on heating and local SAR


Magnetic Resonance in Medicine | 2015

Impact of capped and uncapped abandoned leads on the heating of an MR‐conditional pacemaker implant

Eugenio Mattei; Giulia Gentili; Federica Censi; Michele Triventi; Giovanni Calcagnini

To assess the risk of radiofrequency (RF) ‐induced heating in patients with MR‐conditional pacemaker (PM) systems, in the presence of another lead abandoned from a previous implant.


Magnetic Resonance in Medicine | 2012

Role of the lead structure in MRI-induced heating: In vitro measurements on 30 commercial pacemaker/defibrillator leads.

Eugenio Mattei; Giovanni Calcagnini; Federica Censi; Michele Triventi; Pietro Bartolini

MRI‐induced heating on endocardial leads is a serious concern for the safety of patients with implantable pacemakers or cardioverter‐defibrillator. The lead heating depends on many factors and its amount is largely variable. In this study, we investigated the role of those structural properties of the lead that are reported on the accompanying documents of the device: ( 1 ) fixation modality (active vs. passive); ( 2 ) number of electrodes (unipolar vs. bipolar); ( 3 ) length; ( 4 ) tip surface; and ( 5 ) tip and ring resistance. In vitro temperature and specific absorption rate measurements on 30 leads (27 pacemakers, three implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator leads) exposed to the radiofrequency field typical of a 1.5 T MRI scanner are presented. The data show that each lead has its own attitude to radiofrequency‐induced heating and that the information that is available in the accompanying documents of the pacemaker is not sufficient to explain such attitude. Even if combined with that of the implant geometry, this information is still not sufficient to estimate the amount of heating due to the exposure to the radiofrequency field during MRI examination. Magn Reson Med, 2011.


Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità | 2009

Effect of high-pass filtering on ECG signal on the analysis of patients prone to atrial fibrillation

Federica Censi; Giovanni Calcagnini; Michele Triventi; Eugenio Mattei; Pietro Bartolini; Ivan Corazza; Giuseppe Boriani

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of filtering techniques on the time-domain analysis of the ECG. Multi-lead ECG recordings obtained from chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) patients after successful external cardioversion have been acquired. Several high-pass filtering techniques and three cut-off frequency values were used: Bessel and Butterworth four-pole and two-pole bidirectional and unidirectional filters, at 0.01, 0.05 and 0.5 Hz low cut-off frequency. As a reference, a beat-by-beat linear piecewise interpolation was used to remove baseline wander, on each P-wave. Results show that ECG filtering affects the estimation of P-wave duration in a manner that depends upon the type of filter used: particularly, the bidirectional filters caused negligible variation of P-wave duration, while unidirectional ones provoked an increase higher than 8%.


international conference of the ieee engineering in medicine and biology society | 2012

Evaluation of Thermal and Nonthermal Effects of UHF RFID Exposure on Biological Drugs

Giovanni Calcagnini; Federica Censi; Michele Maffia; Luca Mainetti; Eugenio Mattei; Luigi Patrono; Emanuela Urso

The radio frequency identification (RFID) technology promises to improve several processes in the healthcare scenario, especially those related to the traceability of people and things. Unfortunately, there are still some barriers limiting the large-scale deployment of these innovative technologies in the healthcare field. Among these, the evaluation of potential thermal and nonthermal effects due to the exposure of biopharmaceutical products to electromagnetic fields is very challenging, but still slightly investigated. This paper aims to setup a controlled RF exposure environment, in order to reproduce a worst case exposure of pharmaceutical products to the electromagnetic fields generated by the UHF RFID devices placed along the supply chain. Radiated powers several times higher than recommended by current normative limits were applied (10 and 20 W). The electric field strength at the exposed sample location, used in tests, was as high as 100 V/m. Nonthermal effects were evaluated by chromatography techniques and in vitro assays. The results obtained for a particular case study, the ActrapidTM human insulin preparation, showed temperature increases lower than 0.5 °C and no significant changes in the structure and performance of the considered drug.


international conference of the ieee engineering in medicine and biology society | 2010

RFID in healthcare environment: electromagnetic compatibility regulatory issues

Federica Censi; Giovanni Calcagnini; Eugenio Mattei; Michele Triventi; Pietro Bartolini

Several wireless technology applications (RFID, WiFi, GSM, GPRS) have been developed to improve patient care, reaching a significant success and diffusion in healthcare. Given the potential development of such a technology, care must be paid on the potential risks deriving from the use of wireless device in healthcare, among which one of the most important is the electromagnetic interference with medical devices. The analysis of the regulatory issues concerning the electromagnetic compatibility of medical devices is essential to evaluate if and how the application of the current standards allows an effective control of the possible risks associated to the electromagnetic interference on medical devices.

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Dive into the Eugenio Mattei's collaboration.

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Giovanni Calcagnini

Istituto Superiore di Sanità

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Federica Censi

Istituto Superiore di Sanità

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Michele Triventi

Istituto Superiore di Sanità

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Pietro Bartolini

Istituto Superiore di Sanità

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Marco Bozzali

Brighton and Sussex Medical School

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Giuseppe Boriani

University of Modena and Reggio Emilia

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Matteo Mancini

Sapienza University of Rome

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G. Calcagnini

Sapienza University of Rome

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