Eunhwan Jeong

Tip Clearance Effect on the Performance of a Shrouded Supersonic Impulse Turbine

An experimental investigation of the effect of tip clearance on the performance of a shrouded supersonic impulse turbine was performed in this study. A single-staged axial flow impulse turbine designed to have a rotor inlet relative Mach number of 1.7 was used for the experiment. Turbine efficiency was measured at various settings of tip clearances, rotational speeds, and turbine pressure ratios to observe the characteristics of the efficiency gradient. The overall efficiency of the supersonic impulse turbine was largely affected by rotational speed. For a fixed rotational speed, local maximum efficiency was found near a turbine pressure ratio at which the turbine nozzle was fully expanded. At a reference test point, the linearly estimated efficiency gradient was 0.09. However, efficiency variation with respect to tip clearance was nonlinear, and relatively larger efficiency gradients were found at small tip clearances and high rotational speeds. It has been found that the efficiency gradient varies linearly with the cube of rotational speed and shows its minimum value near the reference turbine pressure ratio.

Turbine Rotor-Pyrostarter Coupled Test for the Verification of Thermo-Structural Suitability of a Turbopump Turbine

ABSTRACT Turbine rotor-pyrostarter coupled test was performed for the verification of thermo-structural suitability of a turbopump turbine. Newly developed solid propellant and design concept were used in pyrostarter development. In case of turbine rotor, rotor config uration modification and post EDM machining process are adopted in rotor manufacturing respective ly for the thermal stress relief and the surface integrity improvement on the blade surfaces. In the tes t, combustion gas of pyrostarter was directly ejected from the nozzles and impinged on the stationar y turbine rotor specimen through the identically shaped flow passage of turbopump. Three kind of thermal load - design to extreme condition - test were performed and no damages were found on the turbine rotor specimens. 초 록 터보펌프 터빈로터의 열구조적 적합성 검증을 위한 터빈로터-파이로시동기 연계시험을 수행하였다. 새로운 추진제를 적용한 파이로시동기와 열응력 경감 설계 및 터빈 동익 표면 건전성 향상을 위한 후가공 공정이 적용된 터빈로터시편이 시험에 사용되었다. 시험은 75톤급 엔진시동을 위한 파이로 시동기의 연소가스를 터보펌프 터빈로터와 동일한 형상의 시편에 분사하는 방식으로 이루어졌다. 터빈에 가해지는 열 부하는 운용 설계점에서 극한 조건까지 세 종류로 구분하여 시험을 진행하였으며 모든 시험에서 터빈로터의 손상은 발견되지 않았다.Key Words: Turbopump(터보펌프), Turbine(터빈), Pyrostarter(파이로시동기), 연계시험(Coupled-test)Received 7 June 2013 / Revised 23 December 2013 / Accepted 2 J anuary 2014

Numerical Flow Analysis of a Partial Admission Turbine Using a Frozen Rotor Method

Numerical analysis of the partial admission turbine in the KARI turbopump has been performed. Flow field of the partial admission turbine is intrinsically unsteady and three dimensional. To avoid heavy computational efforts, the frozen rotor method is adopted in computation and compared with the mixing plane approach. The frozen rotor method can represent the variation of a flow field along the circumferential direction of rotor blades, which have the different relative positions to the nozzle with one another. It also illustrates the wake loss mechanism starting from the lip of a nozzle, which is not captured in the mixing plane method. The frozen rotor method has proven to be an efficient tool for the design of a partial admission turbine.

Performance Test of a 75-tonf Rocket Engine Turbopump

ABSTRACT Performance tests of a 75-tonf liquid rocket engine turbopump were conducted. The performance of sub-components - two pumps and a turbine - and their power matching were measured and examined firstly near the design speed under the LN2 and kerosene enviro nment. In the real propellant - LOX and kerosene - environment tests, design and off-design performance of turbopump were fully verified in regime of the rocket engine operation. During the off-design performance tests, turbopump running time was set longer than the engine operating time to verify the pump operability and set the pump inlet pressure close to design NPSHr to investigate pump suctio n capability in parallel. It has been found that developed-turbopump satisfied all of the engine required performances.초 록 75톤급 액체로켓엔진용 터보펌프 개발 시제에 대한 조립체 성능시험이 터보펌프 실매질 시험설비에서 수행되었다. LN2와 케로신을 적용한 첫 시험에서는 터보펌프 구성품들의 조립체 상태에서의 수력/공력 성능 및 출력 매칭 점검이 설계회전수 근방에서 이루어 졌으며 LOX와 케로신을 적용한 실매질 시험에서는 터보펌프의 설계성능 및 엔진운용영역 탈설계 성능 검증이 이루어졌다. 탈설계시험의 경우, 내구성 검증을 위해 엔진의 운용시간을 초과하여 터보펌프가 운용되었으며 펌프입구압력을 설계 요구유효흡입양정(NPSHr)에 가깝게 설정하여 흡입성능 검증을 병행하였다. 개발된 75톤급 액체로켓용 터보펌프는 성능, 운용시간의 엔진 요구규격을 만족시키는 것으로 확인되었다.Key Words:Liquid Rocket Engine(액체로켓엔진), Turbopump(터보펌프), Performance Test(성능시험), Kerosene(케로신), LOX(액체산소)Received 2 December 2015 / Revised 29 February 2016 / Accepted 7 March 2016

Turbine Performance Experiments for the Turbopump of a Liquid Rocket Engine

This paper highlights the performance of an impulse turbine which is a part of turbopump in a liquid rocket first stage engine. The turbopump,...

Performance Test of a 7 tonf Liquid Rocket Engine Turbopump

ABSTRACT Performance tests of a turbopump for the developing 7-tonf li quid rocket engine were conducted. The performance of turbopump components and their power matchin g were measured and examined firstly under the LN2 and water environment.. In the real prope llant(LOX and kerosene) environment tests, design and off-design performances of turbopump were ful ly verified. During the off-design tests, turbopump running time was set the same as engine operat ing time and pump inlet pressure were set lower than nominal operating value in order to investigate pump suction capability. It have been verified that subject turbopump satisfies required performance - flow rate, head, suction performance and operational time - in the operating regime of d eveloping liquid rocket engine.초 록 7톤급 액체로켓엔진용 터보펌프 개발 시제에 대한 조립체 성능시험이 수행되었다. LN2와 물이 적용된 상사매질 조립체 시험을 통해 터보펌프 단품 간 출력 매칭 및 조립체 레벨에서의 수력/공력 성능 검증이 선행되었으며 LOX와 케로신의 실제 운용 환경의 실매질 시험에서는 터보펌프의 설계점, 탈설계점 성능 검증시험이 이루어졌다. 탈설계시험은 엔진의 운용시간을 적용하여 이루어졌으며 펌프의 흡입성능 검증을 병행하였다. 개발된 7톤급 액체로켓용 터보펌프는 엔진운용영역에서 유량, 양정, 흡입 성능, 그리고 운용시간의 요구규격을 만족시키는 것으로 확인되었다.Key Words:Liquid Rocket Engine(액체로켓엔진), Turbopump(터보펌프), Performance Test(성능시험), Kerosene(케로신), LOX(액체산소)Received 27 December 2014 / Revised 8 March 2015 / Accepted 13 March 2015

Research on the Torque and Starting Characteristics of a Turbopump Turbine

Torque characteristics of a turbopump turbine was analyzed using the turbine performance test result. Specific torque of the subject turbine could be expressed as a linear function of corrected rotor speed at a fixed pressure ratio and it has been confirmed by the test result. It also found that corrected rotor speed-specific torque characteristics does not change anymore if the turbine pressure ratio is set bigger than a certain value. Using the turbine torque characteristics and pyro-starter performance test results, rotational speed development behavior of the turbopump was predicted. Prediction revealed that the lap time reaching 50% of turbopump design speed is less than 0.7 second. Effect of the thermal loss between pyro-starter and turbopump was negligible.

Optimal Design for the Rotor Overlap of a Supersonic Impulse Turbine to Improve the Performance

In a supersonic turbine, A rotor overlap technique reduced the chance of chocking in the rotor passage, and made the design pressure ratio satisfied. However, the technique also made additional losses, like a pumping loss, expansion loss, etc. Therefore, an approximate optimization technique was appled to find the optimal shape of overlap which maximizes the improvement of the turbine performance. The design variables were shape factors of a rotor overlap. An optimal design for rotor overlap reduces leakage mass flow rate at tip clearance by about 50% and increases about 4% of total-static efficiency compared with the base model. It was found that the most effective design variable is the tip overlap and that the hub overlap size is the lowest.

Effect of Shroud Split on the Performance of a Turbopump Turbine Rotor

hglee@kari.re.krABSTRACT A blisk with rotor shroud is usually adopted in LRE turbine to maximize its performance. However it experiences the severe thermal load and resulting damage dur ing engine stating and stop. Shroud splitting is devised to relieve the thermal stress on the turbine rotor. Structural analysis confirmed the reduction of plastic strain at the blade hub and tip. However, split gap at the rotor shroud entails additional tip leakage and results performance degradation. In order to assess the effect of shroud split on the turbine performance, tests have been performed for various settings of shroud split. For the maximum number of shroud splitting, measured efficiency red uction ratio was 2.65% to the value of original shape rotor.초 록 액체로켓 엔진의 시동과 종료 시, 터빈에 가해지는 열충격을 완화시키기 위해 초음속 충동형 터빈로터의 일체형 슈라우드를 여러 조각으로 분할하는 방법을 고안하였다. 구조해석 수행결과 슈라우드 분할은 동익의 허브와 팁에 나타나는 소성변형량을 크게 줄일 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 슈라우드 분할은 의도하지 않은 누설손실로 인해 성능손실이 불가피하며 이에 대한 정량적인 성능감소를 측정하기 위해 다양한 슈라우드 분할 형상에 대해 시험을 수행하였다. 연구대상 터빈의 경우 슈라우드 분할 수를 최대로 할 경우 설계점 효율은 2.65% 비율로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.Key Words: Supersonic Impulse Turbine(초음속 충동형 터빈), Split(스플릿), Shroud(슈라우드), Blisk(블리스크), Leakage(누설)1. 서 론 한국항공우주연구원(이하 항우연)에서는 한국

Numerical Analysis for a Supersonic Turbine having Square Section Nozzles

Numerical analyses of a turbine redesigned to achieving the weight reduction by equipping square nozzles and the original turbine have been conducted and the results have been compared. The results show that the turbine with square section nozzles has more even flow distribution at the first row rotor inlet and less inactive areas but the loss induced by wake is increased. Despite the wake loss, the newly designed turbine shows better performance than the original one. It has also been found that the turbine performance can be improved by reshaping its stator and second row rotor.