Evelyne Moyse

Evidence for an own-age bias in age estimation from voices in older persons

Previous studies have investigated the effect of ageing on age estimation from faces as well as the occurrence of an own-age bias in such age estimation from faces. To the best of our knowledge, the occurrence of an own age effect on age estimation from voices has never been examined earlier using an experimental design in which the age of participants (young vs. old) and the age of voice stimuli (young vs. old) were crossed. Results revealed an own-age bias in older adults only. In comparison with younger adults, older participants showed age estimation abilities that are preserved for voices from their own age group and impaired for younger voices. This own age bias was absent in younger participants.

Risk factors for tibial damage associated with the modified Maquet technique in 174 stifles

OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors for tibial damage associated with the modified Maquet technique (MMT) in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) disease. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. SAMPLE POPULATION One hundred and seventy-four stifles from 147 client-owned dogs. METHODS Medical records of dogs diagnosed with CCL disease and treated with the current version of MMT were reviewed. Dogs were included if immediate postoperative radiographs were available. Cortical hinge fracture or fissure, tibial tuberosity fracture, and diaphyseal fractures of the tibia were recorded. Age, body weight (BW), thickness of the tibial cortical hinge, and angle of opening of the osteotomy were tested as potential risk factors for tibial damage by univariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Tibial damage included intraoperative tibial fissures in 37% of MMTs, intraoperative fractures of the cortical hinge in 3.4% of MMTs, postoperative tibial fractures in 14% of MMTs. Risk factors for intraoperative fissure included BW (P = .0153) and thickness of cortical hinge (P = .0006). The angle of opening of the osteotomy was identified as a risk factor for intraoperative cortical hinge fracture (P = .0034), angles below 11° being preventive. No risk factor was identified for postoperative fracture. CONCLUSION Based on these results, preventive measures against tibial damage associated with MMT should include: a thickness of cortical hinge based on the equation related to the BW; a length of osteotomy adjusted to the amount of TTA with an osteotomy angle below 10°; and slow advancement of the tibial tuberosity.

A Preliminary Study Into Meniscal Innervation in 2 Horses With Different Degrees of Chondropathy in the Femorotibial Joint

ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis is a painful degenerative disease, sometimes responsible for the premature ending of the careers of sporting horses. In humans, meniscal neurogenesis has been suggested to contribute to pain in osteoarthritis. To the best of our knowledge, no study on this subject has been performed in equine species. The aim of this report was to compare the density of the nociceptive and sympathetic nerves in the menisci of two 11‐ and 13‐year‐old mares, one presenting a “low‐chondropathy grade” in its stifle and the other a “high‐chondropathy grade”. The cranial horns of the medial menisci, a commonly reported site of equine meniscal injuries, were harvested after a maximum of 48 hours postmortem. A macroscopic and microscopic grading system was established using a modified Pauli score. Nociceptive fibers were highlighted by immunohistochemical staining with an antibody against Substance P (SP) and postganglionic sympathetic fibers with an antibody against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). Descriptive statistics were calculated, and a nonparametric statistical test was used to analyze the data. The meniscus from the “high‐chondropathy horse (HCH)” showed a higher density and frequency of postganglionic sympathetic nerves compared with the meniscus of the “low‐chondropathy horse (LCH)”. No difference was observed regarding nociceptive nerves. This report shows possible meniscal sympathetic efferent‐mediated pain in a “highly chondropathic horse”. Although these results cannot be extended to the equine population as a whole because of the small sample size, they are nevertheless interesting as they provide new information regarding the possible etiology of the pain in equine stifle osteoarthritis. HighlightsA “high‐chondropathy horse (HCH)” showed a higher density of meniscal sympathetic nerves.Comparison was performed with a “low‐chondropathy horse (LCH)”.No difference was observed regarding nociceptive nerves.Meniscal sympathetic nerves might play a role in pain perception in equine osteoarthritis.