Evren Terzi
Istanbul University
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Featured researches published by Evren Terzi.
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products | 2011
Evren Terzi; S. Nami Kartal; Robert H. White; Katsumi Shinoda; Yuji Imamura
In this study, the fire performance and decay resistance of solid wood and plywood treated with quaternary ammonia compounds (didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC) and didecyl dimethyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate (DBF)) were compared with the performance of untreated control specimens and specimens treated with common fire retardants ((monoammonium phosphate (MAP), diammonium phosphate (DAP) and ammonium sulphate (AS)). Test specimens were treated with 1% and 4% (% m/v) aqueous solutions of the chemicals. The fire performance tests were the fire tube test (ASTM E 69) which measures mass losses in the specimens and the cone calorimeter test (ASTM E 1354) which measures mass loss, heat release rate, time for sustained ignition, effective heat of combustion, and specific extinction area. The results from the cone calorimeter tests were used to estimate the flame spread index (FSI) in the Steiner tunnel test (ASTM E 84). Heat release rates of the specimens treated with MAP, DAP, and AS were lower than those of both DDAC and DBF-treated specimens and the untreated control specimens. Compared with the untreated specimens, higher heat release rates were observed for the specimens treated with the quaternary ammonia compounds, DDAC and DBF. The estimates for the FSI for DDAC and DBF were for values equal to or higher than for the untreated control specimens. At higher concentration levels, MAP, DAP and AS were effective in decreasing initial contribution of heat release to potential fire. Decay resistance tests were done according to AWPA E 10 standard method using one brown-rot fungus and one white rot-fungus. Decay resistance tests revealed that solid wood specimens treated with DDAC and DBF showed resistance against the fungi tested, however, MAP, DAP and AS did not provide complete protection. While DBF and DDAC increased resistance of plywood specimens, high mass losses in plywood specimens treated with MAP, DAP and AS were obtained.ZusammenfassungIn dieser Studie wurden das Brandverhalten und die Fäuleresistenz von mit quaternären Ammoniumverbindungen (Didecyl-Dimethyl-Ammoniumchlorid (DDAC) und Didecyl-Imethyl-Ammonium-Tetrafluoroborat (DBF)) imprägniertem Massivholz und Sperrholz verglichen mit dem Verhalten von unbehandelten Kontrollproben sowie Proben, die mit üblichen Feuerschutzmitteln (Monoammoniumphosphat (MAP), Diammoniumphosphat (DAP) und Ammoniumsulphat (AS)) imprägniert wurden. Die Prüfkörper wurden mit 1% und 4% wässrigen Lösungen der Chemikalien imprägniert. Durchgeführt wurden die Prüfung mit dem Brennrohr nach ASTM E 69, bei der die Masseverluste in den Prüfkörpern bestimmt werden, und die Cone-Calorimeter-Prüfung nach ASTM E 1354, bei der die Masseverluste, die Wärmefreisetzungsrate, der Entzündungszeitpunkt, die Gesamtwärmefreisetzung und die spezifische Rauchentwicklung bestimmt werden. Die Ergebnisse der Cone-Calorimeter-Prüfungen dienten zur Bestimmung des Flammenausbreitungsindex (FSI) im Steiner-Tunnel-Test nach ASTM E 84. Die Wärmefreisetzungsrate der mit MAP, DAP und AS imprägnierten Proben war niedriger als die der mit DDAC bzw. mit DBF imprägnierten Proben als auch der unbehandelten Kontrollproben. Die Wärmefreisetzungsraten der mit den quaternären Ammoniumverbindungen DDAC und DBF imprägnierten Proben waren höher als die der unbehandelten Proben. Der Flammenausbreitungsindex (FSI) der mit DDAC und DBF behandelten Proben war gleich oder höher dem der unbehandelten Kontrollproben. Durch Behandlung mit höheren Konzentrationen an MAP, DAP und AS konnte die Wärmefreisetzung verzögert werden. Fäuleresistenzversuche wurden gemäß der AWPA E 10 Methode unter Verwendung eines Braunfäule- und eines Weißfäulepilzes durchgeführt. Fäuleresistenzversuche zeigten, dass mit DDAC und DBF behandelte Massivholzproben gegen die beiden Pilze resistent waren, während MAP, DAP und AS keinen Komplettschutz boten. Während DBF und DDAC die Resistenz der Sperrholzproben erhöhten, zeigten sich bei den mit MAP, DAP und AS behandelten Sperrholzproben hohe Masseverluste.
Holzforschung | 2014
Saip Nami Kartal; Evren Terzi; Bessie Woodward; Carol A. Clausen; Stan T. Lebow
Abstract The potential for extraction of copper from wood treated with micronised, nano or soluble forms of copper has been evaluated in view of chemical remediation. In focus were EDTA, oxalic acid, bioxalate, and d-gluconic acid for extraction of Cu from treated wood. Bioxalate extractions for 24 h resulted in Cu removal over 95% for all tested materials, and the effectiveness of oxalic acid extraction was very similar to that of nano-CuO-treated wood. Bioxalate was more effective than oxalic acid in removing Cu from ACQ-D, MCQ, MCA, CA-C and Cu-ethanolamine treated wood. d-gluconic acid extractions resulted in the lowest Cu removal for nano-CuO even though d-gluconic acid was effective for all other materials. As the pH of d-gluconic acid decreased, Cu removal was improved except for nano-CuO. There is no distinctive difference in Cu removal from wood treated with ACQ-D, MCQ, CA-C, MCA and Cu-ethanolamine.
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering | 2013
Aysel Kantürk Figen; Evren Terzi; Nural Yılgör; Saip Nami Kartal; Sabriye Pişkin
Abstracthermal degradation characteristics of Tetra Pak panel boards (TPPB) can be useful to improve usage of such panels as an alternative to wood-based products such as plywood, fiberboard, and particleboard. In the study, samples from the TPBBs manufactured from waste Tetra Pak packages (WTPP) were heated in a nitrogen atmosphere at different heating rates (10, 15 and 20 °C/min) using a thermal analysis system. The Coats-Redfern kinetic model was applied to calculate kinetic parameters. The degradation rate equations were then established. In addition, the kinetic compensation effect (KCE) was used to correlate the pre-exponential factor (ko) with activation energy (Ea) and the existence of the KCE was accepted. TG-FT/IR analyses were applied to the TPPB degradation and then the FT-IR stack plot was used to analyze gas products (CO2, CH4, HCOOH, and CH3OH). Infrared vibrational frequencies and the micro, crystal structure of the TPPBs were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), respectively.
Journal of Forestry Research | 2017
Evren Terzi; S. Nami Kartal; Philippe Gérardin; Claudia Marcela Ibanez; Tsuyoshi Yoshimura
Abstract We compared resistance to decay, mold fungi, termites and insect larvae of particleboards incorporated with the raw boron minerals ulexite and colemanite to that of particleboards impregnated with the commercial boron preservative zinc borate, or boric acid plus a borax mixture. We also quantified water absorption, thickness swell and boron release of particleboards. Ulexite had the best decay resistance, and colemanite had the best termite resistance. However, ulexite and colemanite were not as effective as zinc borate or the boric acid/borax mixture in preventing mold growth. In general, the boric acid/borax mixture combination was more effective against Anobium larvae than the other treatments. Less boron was released by specimens containing zinc borate and colemanite than by those containing ulexite or the boric acid/borax mixture. In general, water absorption and thickness swell were similar among the different treatments, but both were slightly higher in the ulexite-incorporated specimens. Further mechanical tests will be needed to evaluate the particleboard properties and thereby the compatibility of these boron minerals with various manufacturing processes.
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation | 2014
George I. Mantanis; Evren Terzi; S. Nami Kartal; Antonios N. Papadopoulos
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation | 2011
S. Nami Kartal; Evren Terzi; Coşkun Köse; John Hofmeyr; Yuji Imamura
Bioresources | 2013
S. Nami Kartal; Sema Aysal; Evren Terzi; Nural Yılgör; Tsuyoshi Yoshimura; Kunio Tsunoda
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation | 2015
S. Nami Kartal; Evren Terzi; Hilal Yılmaz; Barry Goodell
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation | 2012
S. Nami Kartal; Evren Terzi; Tsuyoshi Yoshimura; Rachel A. Arango; Carol A. Clausen; Frederick Green
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation | 2016
Evren Terzi; S. Nami Kartal; Nural Yılgör; Lauri Rautkari; Tsuyoshi Yoshimura