F. Cindolo

Muon ''depth-intensity'' relation measured by the LVD underground experiment and cosmic-ray muon spectrum at sea level

We present the analysis of the muon events with all muon multiplicities collected during 21804 hours of operation of the first LVD tower. The measured angular distribution of muon intensity has been converted to the `depth -- vertical intensity relation in the depth range from 3 to 12 km w.e.. The analysis of this relation allowed to derive the power index,

Upper limit on the prompt muon flux derived from the LVD underground experiment

gamma

Study of single muons with the Large Volume Detector at the Gran Sasso Laboratory

, of the primary all-nucleon spectrum:

Measurement of the neutron flux produced by cosmic ray muons with LVD at Gran Sasso

gamma=2.78 pm 0.05

10 Years Search for Neutrino Bursts with LVD

. The `depth -- vertical intensity relation has been converted to standard rock and the comparison with the data of other experiments has been done. We present also the derived vertical muon spectrum at sea level.

Upper limits to low energy

We present the analysis of the muon events with all muon multiplicities collected during 21804 hours of operation of the first LVD tower. The measured depth-angular distribution of muon intensities has been used to obtain the normalization factor, A, the power index, gamma, of the primary all-nucleon spectrum and the ratio, R_c, of prompt muon flux to that of pi-mesons - the main parameters which determine the spectrum of cosmic ray muons at the sea level. The value of gamma = 2.77 +/- 0.05 (68% C.L.) and R_c<2.0 x 10^-3 (95% C.L.) have been obtained. The upper limit to the prompt muon flux favours the models of charm production based on QGSM and the dual parton model.

\bar\nu_\mathrm{e}

The present study is based on the sample of 2.9×106 single muons observed by the Large Volume Detector (LVD) at the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory during 36 500 live hours from June 1992 to February 1998. We have measured the muon intensity at slant depths from 3 to 20 km w.e. Most events are high-energy downward muons produced by meson decay in the atmosphere. The analysis of these muons has revealed the power index γ of the π and K spectrum: γ=2.76±0.05. The remainders are horizontal muons produced by the neutrino interactions in the rock surrounding the LVD. The value of this flux near 90° is (6.1±2.7)×10−13 cm−2 s−1 sr−1. The results are compared with the Monte Carlo simulations and the world data.