Fabiane Cassou

Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Conceals the Invasion-Associated Type Three Secretion System from the Innate Immune System by Gene Regulation

Delivery of microbial products into the mammalian cell cytosol by bacterial secretion systems is a strong stimulus for triggering pro-inflammatory host responses. Here we show that Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), the causative agent of typhoid fever, tightly regulates expression of the invasion-associated type III secretion system (T3SS-1) and thus fails to activate these innate immune signaling pathways. The S. Typhi regulatory protein TviA rapidly repressed T3SS-1 expression, thereby preventing RAC1-dependent, RIP2-dependent activation of NF-κB in epithelial cells. Heterologous expression of TviA in S. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) suppressed T3SS-1-dependent inflammatory responses generated early after infection in animal models of gastroenteritis. These results suggest that S. Typhi reduces intestinal inflammation by limiting the induction of pathogen-induced processes through regulation of virulence gene expression.

Falhas na utilização de poliacetal e poliamida em forma de haste intramedular bloqueada para imobilização de fratura femural induzida em bovinos jovens

In spite of the expressive development of veterinary orthopedics in the last years, long bone fractures in large animals remains a challenge for veterinary surgeons. This study is part of a proposal for development of a low-cost and easy-to-use polymeric interlocking nail designed to be used in newborns and young cattle. The objectives were to evaluate, in vivo, polyacetal and polyamide nails for immobilization of femoral fractures in calves. Five calves were submitted to general anesthesia and the left femur was fractured and then fixed using polyacetal or polyamide rods (nails) interlocked with four cortical screws (stainless steel) equally applied to the distal and proximal fracture line. In the postoperative period, calves were clinically assessed during 60 days by clinical and radiographic exams. Fractures occurred in four of the five polyacetal nails implanted in the first time and in two of the four polyamide nails implanted after the polyacetal nail failures. All failures occurred in the first 14 days after implantation. No rejection signs against the polymers were observed. In conclusion, polyacetal and polyamide did not have enough resistance to be used as intramedullary interlocking nails in this system designed to promote early femoral fractures immobilization in young calves.

Presencia del síndrome de úlcera gástrica en equinos de la policía militar

SUMMARY The equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) has a multifactorial nature with a high and variable prevalence in populations of horses subjected to sport activities and high physical demand. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of presentation of gastric ulcers in horses of the military police that carried out activities of training, patrolling and inactivity. 32 Brazilian race riding horses aged between 3 and 20 years were evaluated clinically and gastroscopy, gastric lesions were located and classified by number and severity score. A 43.8% of equines showed ulcers, with 37.5% and 6.3% affecting nonglandular and glandular mucus, respectively. No association was reported between the type of activity performed by the animals and the degrees of ulceration found. These results show the presence of EGUS in this type of animals without showing clinical signs and decrease in performance.