Fábio Wildson Gurgel Costa

Oxygen metabolism in oral cancer: HIF and GLUTs (Review)

Oral cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, and has a poor prognosis. This has encouraged additional studies into factors that may affect the development of this disease. The biological behavior of malignant neoplasms is complex. Studies have investigated the energy metabolism of tumor cells, in an endeavor to elucidate the tumor biology. The identification of molecular signatures and mechanisms, in order to understand tumor progression, may facilitate the identification of novel predictive and prognostic markers. Pathways that influence tumor progression, such as those involving hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and glucose transporter (GLUT) proteins, have been the targets of recent studies.

Giant salivary calculus of the submandibular gland

A54-year-old woman was seen at our department with a painless swelling on the right submandibular region that had lasted for 4 months. Physical examination revealed a hard elongated mass along the right Wharton’s duct and a reduced salivary flow. An occlusal radiograph showed a radiopaque, cylindrical, and elongated sialolith inside Wharton’s duct. It was carefully dissected with the patient under local anesthesia and a yellow 2.5-cm long specimen was obtained (Fig 1). The submandibular salivary gland was preserved. This procedure was approved by Institutional Review Boards, and the subject gave informed consent to the work. Microscopic analysis confirmed the initial diagnosis. The patient was reassessed 15 days after surgery for the evaluation. At that time, the right submandibular gland was found to be normal and a clear salivary flow could be observed. One year after the surgical procedure, the patient shows no signs or symptoms of xerostomia, and salivary flow is normal.

Biomechanical analysis of titanium plate systems in mandibular condyle fractures: a systematized literature review

PURPOSE To conduct a systematized review of the literature about the main methodologies used to evaluate the biomechanical fixation systems with titanium plates in fractures of the mandibular condyle. METHODS A systematized review of literature was performed in the electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS and MEDLINE without restriction of the publication date. The eligibility criteria were laboratory studies involving mandibular condyle fractures, studies using titanium plates, biomechanical studies, in vitro and computational studies involving the finite element method (FEM). RESULTS Eleven articles that met the eligibility criteria were selected, including seven articles involving in vitro studies and four studies with biomechanical analysis by using FEM. CONCLUSION Although few articles have used the finite element method, the results of in vitro studies were similar to those found in computational studies, regarding to the stable use of two titanium miniplates.

Chondrolipoma of the posterior tongue.

Chondrolipomas are rare benign mesenchymal tumors characterized by the proliferation of mature adipocytes associated with variable amounts of mature cartilaginous tissue. To our knowledge, only 11 cases of chondrolipoma affecting the oral cavity have been published in the English-language literature (PubMed database), and no cases of this condition up to 20 years of complaint duration have been reported. Thus, this article describes an interesting and atypical case of a 68-year-old woman who presented an asymptomatic slow-growing swelling on the posterior dorsal surface of the tongue. In addition, we reviewed the international literature from 1976 to 2009.

A clinicoradiographic and pathological study of pericoronal follicles associated to mandibular third molars.

BackgroundThird molar surgery is considered the most frequently performed procedure in oral surgery. Although there are some indications for the removal of this tooth, such as the possibility of cystic degeneration or a tumor of the adjacent pericoronal follicle, there is no consensus in the literature about their prophylactic removal. ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to investigate the pathological alterations related to mandibular third molar dental follicles and to perform a narrative literature review. MethodsA prospective clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic study was conducted with pericoronal follicles of third molars. After histopathologic evaluation and establishment of diagnosis, 2 groups were defined: G1 (pericoronal tissues with pathological alterations based on histopathologic analysis) and G2 (pericoronal tissues without pathological alterations based on histopathologic analysis). In addition, a systematic review of the literature was performed. ResultsOne hundred thirteen specimens were analyzed. G1 was the most prevalent (P = 0.0004). Lesions were found in patients between 20 and 25 years of age (P < 0.004). The most prevalent histological diagnosis was the paradental cyst (47.7%; P < 0.0001). The narrative literature review showed that the majority of cases were mainly dentigerous cysts (P < 0.05). ConclusionsThe mandibular third molars in young adults showed a direct relationship with age and a statistical propensity for the development of these cystic alterations, notably paradental cysts.

Rare hybrid odontogenic tumor in a 2-year-old child.

Hybrid odontogenic tumors are rare conditions that can affect the oral maxillofacial region and usually occur in adults as an asymptomatic swelling. Hybrid odontogenic tumors exclusively involving adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (CCOT) are rare, with only 4 reported cases. In addition, there are only few studies describing the presence of abortive enamel in AOT and, to our knowledge, CCOT was not present in any of them. We described a rare case of AOT associated with CCOT and abortive enamel formation in a 2-year-old child, a condition not well described in the international literature. Secretory cell activity was assessed by periodic acid-Schiff and Congo red stains.

Local hemostatic measures in anticoagulated patients undergoing oral surgery: a systematized literature review

PURPOSE To conduct a systematized review of the literature about the main local hemostatic measures to control postoperative bleeding in anticoagulated patients. METHODS A systematized review of literature was performed in the electronic database Medline (PubMed) without restriction of the publication date. The eligibility criteria were studies involving maintenance of the anticoagulant therapy, prospective studies, retrospective studies, randomized clinical trials, controlled clinical studies, comparative studies, multicentric studies or case-control studies. Studies discontinuing anticoagulant therapy, case reports, literature reviews, in vitro studies, animal experiments and articles written in language not compatible with the search strategy adopted in this work were excluded. RESULTS Twenty-four articles that met the adopted eligibility criteria were selected, enrolling 3891 subjects under anticoagulant therapy. A total of 171 cases of hemorrhage was observed. Tranexamic acid was the main local hemostatic measure used to controlling of postoperative bleeding. CONCLUSION The local hemostatic measures proved to be effective according to previously published studies. Nevertheless, further clinical studies should be conducted to confirm this effectiveness.

Simultaneous occurrence of a rare lymphoepithelial cyst and squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity

1 MSc in Dentistry, Assistant Professor of Dentistry Universidade Federal do Ceara. 2 MSc in Oral Pathology UFRN; PhD student Graduate Program in Dentistry UFRN, Assistant Professor of Dentistry UFC Campus Sobral. 3 Dentistry student UFC Campus Sobral, 4th Year Student of Dentistry UFC Campus Sobral. 4 PhD in Oral Pathology UFRN, Professor of Dentistry UNIFOR. 5 MSc in CTBMF UFPE; PhD student Graduate Program in Dentistry UFC Campus Sobral. Universidade Federal do Ceara Campus Sobral. Send correspondence to: Fabio Wildson Gurgel Costa Coordenacao do Curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Ceara Campus Sobral Av. Comte. Maurocelio Rocha Pontes s/no Derby 62041-040 Sobral CE Brazil. Tel./Fax: (0xx88) 3613-2603 E-mail: fwildson@yahoo.com.br Paper submitted to the BJORL-SGP (Publishing Management System – Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology) on February 21, 2010; and accepted on April 12, 2010. cod. 6937 cAsE REPORT Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;77(2):270. BJORL

Metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma associated with numb chin syndrome.

Metastatic tumors to the oral cavity are rare and account for approximately 1% of all malignant oral neoplasms. About 765 cases have been published in the English- and Chinese-language literature since 1950, with less than 6% of these cases corresponding to prostate cancer metastasis. Because of their uncommon incidence, the diagnosis of oral metastases, especially those originating from the prostate gland, may represent a challenge for general dentists, oral pathologists, and oral radiologists. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe an interesting case of prostate adenocarcinoma metastasizing to the posterior mandible. In addition, association with numb chin syndrome present in this case was discussed.

Maxillary cementoblastoma in a child.

Cementoblastoma is a rare benign tumor that almost always occurs in the premolar or molar region and more commonly in the mandible than in the maxilla. We present a unique incisor maxillary cementoblastoma in an 11-year-old child not previously described. To our knowledge, only 2 maxillary cases, both related to canine teeth, were described in the international literature. Thus, the aim of this article was to discuss the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and subsequent treatment of a patient with a cementoblastoma in the anterior maxillary region.