Faran Awais Butt

Short-time energy, magnitude, zero crossing rate and autocorrelation measurement for discriminating voiced and unvoiced segments of speech signals

This paper presents different methods of separating voiced and unvoiced segments of a speech signals. These methods are based on short time energy calculation, short time magnitude calculation, and zero crossing rate calculation and on the basis of autocorrelation of different segments of speech signals. From theoretical studies, it has been observed that energy and magnitude for voiced segments is high, whereas ZCR rate is low for voiced signals. Autocorrelation function is used here to show that the voiced segment of speech remains periodic after applying autocorrelation function, while unvoiced signals lose their periodicity. Experimental results have been presented in this paper to verify theoretical studies.

Radar ECCM against deception jamming: A novel approach using bi-static and mono-static radars

Bi-static radars have started to regain some recent attention over the past decade because of its abilities to counter deception jamming. This paper aims at utilizing the merits of bi-static radars that is used in combination with a mono-static radar. The proposed scheme counters the effects of range gate pull off (RGPO) and velocity gate pull off (VGPO) which are the two prime deception methods against modern radar systems. These methods are becoming ever increasing threats to ground based radars in modern era due to the advancements in digital radio frequency memory (DRFM). By using a combination of mono-static and bi-static radars in a simple yet effective configuration, it is shown that range deception and velocity deception jamming can be identified and the target can be localized.

An overview of electronic warfare in radar systems

Electronic counter measures and electronic counter-counter measures are the two major types of electronic warfare that are always seem to be in competition with each other. Aircrafts without electronic counter measures are usually in a high risk against the enemys air defence. Similarly Radars without electronic counter counter-measures are considered worthless and incapable of deploying in the sensitive zones. In this paper a brief comparison of electronic counter and counter-counter measures is presented highlighting a race against each other for superiority.

A survey of different speech synthesis techniques

The Objective of this paper is to present comprehensive overview of formant and concatenative speech synthesis techniques. Initially, formant synthesis is explored and then concatenative synthesis. Using softwares, speech synthesis is performed by both methods and then their results are compared. The pros and cons of both these methods are discussed as well.

Radar cross section analysis for an ogive target

Reduction of radar cross section (RCS) is one of the most desirable features for fighter airplanes. As the reduction in RCS reduces the detectability of the object, therefore its reduction is of great importance for military and defense applications. RCS depends on a number of parameters including shape, orientation, operating frequency, aspect angle, permittivity and permeability of the medium, transmitted power of the pulse etc. In this paper we present RCS analysis for ogive shape structures, which is commonly used in missiles and aircrafts. Simulations for RCS are performed for different aspect angles and frequencies. The results show that by making use of RCS dependence on aspect angles, significant counter measures can be achieved for ogive and alike structures.

Need for Smart Transmission Grid in Pakistan: (Technical and non-technical challenges in its development)

Pakistan, a developing country, full of natural resources and manpower with population exceeding 176.74 million has a lot of potential in fulfilling its energy requirements. However, the country is facing severe shortage of electricity due to overloading, mismanagement, transmission line losses, electricity theft issues, aged equipment, poor maintenance and questionable monitoring and control. These issues have really put the power sector to a downfall. In Pakistan, transmission line losses are very high as compared to other countries. Each year these losses are increasing which is becoming a challenge for the country. Existing aged Transmission Grids (TGs) are very poorly managed, rendering them unreliable, insufficient, and unaffordable. Intelligent energy management using advanced digital technology combined with power electronics and sensors can greatly improve transmission lines efficiency. In this paper, need for Smart Transmission Grid (STG) and possible technical and nontechnical challenges are focused; proposed solution is given to tackle with these on-going issues which are the main obstacles for its practical implementation.