Farizah Yunus

A Survey of Existing Medium Access Control (MAC) for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN)

Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN) consist of a certain number of sensors that interact to send the sensed data to the sink node and perform collaborative task. Most UWSN choose acoustic as a communication medium for wireless transmission. However, electromagnetic waves are also offer a great merit in special underwater environment such as shallow water. UWSN is significantly different from terrestrial sensor networks in many aspects such as mobility of sensor nodes due to water current, propagation delay and propagation loss. These distinctions feature of underwater sensor network pose many new challenges for delivering information from sensor nodes to sink node effectively in UWSN. To achieve reliable data transfer in underwater sensor network scenarios, a new event MAC protocol need to be developed to provide energy efficient and reliable upstream data transfer.

Proposed transport protocol for reliable data transfer in wireless sensor network (WSN)

Reliable data transport is one of the most important requirements in wireless sensor network where different applications have different reliability requirements. Additionally, the characteristic of wireless sensor network, especially dense deployment, limited processing ability, memory and power supply, provide unique design challenges at transport protocol. Therefore, assuring reliable data delivery between sensor nodes and the sink in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is a challenging task. A reliable protocol in wireless sensor network is a protocol that allows data transfer reliably from source to destination with reasonable packet loss. The current issues of transport protocol are how to implement reliable data transport, congestion control and energy efficient. Most of the existing transport protocols only provide reliable data transport or congestion control. However, there are several protocols that provide both functions of the transport protocol. To overcome these issues, the transport layer protocols that provide both reliable data delivery and congestion control should be taken under consideration. Besides that, transport layer algorithm also allow maximum network lifetime due to limited operating lifetime of sensor node. Thus, to prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor network, an efficient transport protocol need to support reliable message delivery and provide congestion control in most energy efficient. This paper focuses on the existing transport protocols and the future protocol that provide the entire requirement of transport protocol.

MPEG-4 video transmission using distributed TDMA MAC protocol over IEEE 802.15.4 wireless technology

The issues of green technology nowadays give an inspiration to the researcher to make all the future design to be energy efficient. Medium Access Control (MAC) layer is the most effective layer to provide energy efficient due to its ability to control the physical radio directly. One of the important applications in the future is a video transmission that can be transmitted with low-cost and low power consumption. MPEG-4 is one of the international standards for moving video. MPEG-4 provide better compression and primarily design at low bit rate communication. In order to achieve good quality for video application, the design at MAC layer must be strong. Therefore, to increase the performance of the MPEG-4 in IEEE 802.15.4, in this paper we propose a cross layer design between MAC layer and Application layer. A priority queue will be implemented at MAC scheduling depends on the level of frame important in MPEG-4 format frame. A distributed Time division Multiple Access (TDMA) will be used for MAC protocol to provide reliable data transmission for high priority frame.

DEPLOYMENT OF OPTIMIZED ALGORITHM FOR MPEG-4 DATA OVER WIRELESS MULTIMEDIA SENSOR NETWORK

Typical Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) always deals with scalar data such as temperature. These types of data are suitable for low rate networking technology such as IEEE802.15.4. Transmitting a video for IEEE 802.15.4 raised other challenges for bandwidth limited sensor networks like WSN. The optimization method able to determine the optimal limit for quantization scale, group of picture and frame per second in order to suit the WSN environment. Changing these parameters affects the bandwidth requirement and video quality in term of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR). This project aims to create an embedded code in TelG mote according to this concept. Results from experiment show improvements in packet delivery ratio of 28 % for Akiyo qcif file, 27 % for Foreman qcif file and 9 % for Mobile qcif file. This work proved that the method has successfully increased the network performance.

Proposed network coding for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network (WMSN)

Wireless sensor network has caused a lot of interest in many applications especially in real-time multimedia data transfer over wireless network which is known as wireless multimedia sensor network (WMSN). Even though such application is quite complex and very challenging to be realized, the availability of CMOS camera and microphones with low cost, low power and small size has reduce the complexity of developing the WMSN. Apart from this, there are several subjects that may also contribute toward the realization of WMSN such as routing protocol, source coding and channel coding. This research is focusing on network coding which is one of the most important research interests since a few years ago due to its ability to increase the throughput and reduce energy consumption of the wireless network system. Many ideas have been proposed involving several network coding schemes based on applications in certain wireless network standard. This project is aimed for multimedia application in IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensor network. Therefore, the constraint of this standard must be taken into consideration in the propose network coding scheme.