Farrokh K. Langdana

A Factor Analytic Study of Teaching Methods That Influence Retention among MBA Alumni

Abstract MBA alumni of Rutgers University were surveyed to determine the factors that were perceived to influence their long-term retention of course material. Exploratory factor analysis was used, and a 4-factor structure was found to be most interpretable. These factors were identified as (a) traditional, (b) interactive, (c) rejuvenating, and, (d) relevant. The results suggest that teaching methods that emphasize these 4 factors—which were also found to be independent of student academic performance—could enhance long-term retention of course material as well as the overall quality of the MBA program.

Sustaining budget deficits in open economies

1. Introduction 2. Interpreting Budget Deficits 3. Stabilization 4. A Brief History of Government Expenditures and Deficits: From Truman to Reagan 5. Rational Expectations and the Demise of Stabilization 6. Rational Expectations: Some Common Misconceptions 7. Supply-Side Economics 8. Reaganomics And Deficits: Success, Failure Or Incomplete Revolution? 9. Another View Of The 1980s Deficits 10. Financing Budget Deficits 11. The Sustainability Of Deficits: Model Description. 12. The Solution Technique For Rational Expectations Models 13. Sustainability Under Exogenous Domestic Money 14. International Policy Coordination 15. Sustainability with Endogenous Money Creation: Case II 16. Some Macroeconomic Implications Of The Crash of 1987

Introduction and Overview of the Second Edition

In recent times, authors of macroeconomics texts have faced a series of daunting challenges. The primary challenge lies in the very nature of the subject. Monetary and fiscal policies influence wages, employment, inflation, output, interest rates, and exchange rates and affect virtually all individuals in emerging as well as in developed economies. The applicability and pervasiveness of macroeconomics have never been in doubt. In fact, it is these very aspects that pose the major challenges to authors of texts pertaining to the analysis of monetary and fiscal policies.

National Income Accounts

This foundation chapter begins with definitions of key macrovariables and policy instruments essential to macroeconomic policy analysis.

Long-Term Interest Rates, the Yield Curve and Hyperinflation

This chapter introduces the role of intertemporal expectations into our analysis. Effects of current and expected inflation on long-term interest rates will be the focus of the first half of this chapter. This will be followed by a discussion of the ultimate macroeconomic meltdown—hyperinflation.

ISLM: The Engine Room

The preceding chapters have included definitions and analyses of discrete components and aspects of the macroeconomy. We discussed the goods market and the multiplier effect in some detail, before exploring overheating and soft and hard landings using AD–AS analysis. The previous chapter included a fairly detailed study of calamitous hyperinflations, and ended with a discussion of the intertemporal and expectational influences underlying long-term interest rates.

Budget Deficits, Trade Deficits, and Global Capital Flows: The National Savings Identity

In this cornerstone chapter, the vitally important National Savings Identity (NSI), linking trade and budget balances to global capital flows, interest rates, and exchange rates, makes its first appearance. In many ways, this chapter, linking the “twin deficits” in a fundamentally intuitive manner, sets the tone for macroeconomic policies to be discussed in following chapters.

The Classical Model

In this chapter, changes in the rate of inflation are finally incorporated into the ISLM-ADAS analysis. This raises the overall level of sophistication of our analysis from Chapter 7 by incorporating a “real world” aggregate supply curve into the ISLM analysis. The stage is also set for an explanation of paradigm shifts between Keynesian and supply-sider models.

Demand-Side Stabilization: Overheating, Hard Landing, and SAP Bubbles

In the previous chapter we examined the possibility of a shift in the goods market equilibrium from E0 to a higher equilibrium E1, which equated to an equivalent rightward shift in the aggregate demand (AD) curve. This chapter continues the analysis with a discussion of the specific fiscal and monetary policies by which the AD curve can be shifted to enact demand-side stabilization. This will be followed by an in-depth description of overheating, soft landings and hard landings.

Introduction and Overview of the Third Edition

In recent times, authors of macroeconomics texts have faced a series of daunting challenges. The primary challenge lies in the very nature of the subject.