Faruk Toklu

Diversity of Macro- and Micronutrients in the Seeds of Lentil Landraces

Increasing the amount of bioavailable mineral elements in plant foods would help to improve the nutritional status of populations in developing countries. Legume seeds have the potential to provide many essential nutrients. It is important to have information on genetic variations among different lentil populations so that plant breeding programs can use new varieties in cross-breeding programs. The main objective of this study was to characterize the micro- and macronutrient concentrations of lentil landraces seeds collected from South-Eastern Turkey. We found impressive variation in the micro- and macroelement concentrations in 39 lentil landraces and 7 cultivars. We investigated the relationships of traits by correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). The concentrations of several minerals, particularly Zn, were positively correlated with other minerals, suggesting that similar pathways or transporters control the uptake and transport of these minerals. Some genotypes had high mineral and protein content and potential to improve the nutritional value of cultivated lentil. Cross-breeding of numerous lentil landraces from Turkey with currently cultivated varieties could improve the levels of micro- and macronutrients of lentil and may contribute to the worldwide lentil quality breeding program.

Variation for selected morphological and quality-related traits among 178 faba bean landraces collected from Turkey

Faba bean is cultivated worldwide and widely used in Mediterranean countries, Asia and Europe. However, only a few faba bean breeders are active in cultivar development. As a result, a limited number of varieties are available for growers. Plant genetic resources or germplasm are fundamental sources for plant breeding, and the assessment of the genetic diversity among germplasm accessions is useful to facilitate more efficient use of plant genetic resources. A mini-core collection of faba bean germplasm (178 landraces and four cultivars), from diverse geographic regions of Turkey, was assessed for agro-morphological performance and some quality traits. There were substantial variations for the investigated morphological and quality characteristics. The analysis of variance revealed that the differences among 182 accessions were significant for all the studied characters. Some accessions showed very good agronomic performance for some traits. Positive and negative correlations existed among different morphological and agronomic traits. Landraces have been classified into four different groups using a cluster analysis. These results suggest that an a priori classification of accessions according to the growing area does not strictly correspond to phenotypic grouping. From the spatial distribution of landraces, however, it has been possible to identify ‘superior’ accessions of some traits. These findings indicate a number of useful traits in the gene pools and a wide range of phenotypic variation that provides a good source of diversity for use in modern faba bean breeding programmes.

Assessment of Micro and Macro Nutrients Contents in the Turkish Faba Bean Germplasm

Abstract Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the most important legume crop and cultivated nearly all parts of the world. Present study was aimed to investigate the variation in the micro and macronutrients concentration in the Turkish faba bean germplasm. A total of 200 landraces and 3 commercial cultivars were collected from the different geographical regions of Turkey. Study was conducted at the research and experimental area of Department of Crop and Animal Production, Vocational School of Sivas, University of Cumhuriyet, Sivas, Turkey in 2016. Result of this study reflected higher level of diversity for studies nutrients; (N) (5.21-8.15 %), phosphorus (P) (0.1-0.98 %), potassium (K) (0.94-5.6 %), magnesium (mg) (0.32-0.42), calcium (Ca) (0.50-1.50), copper (Cu) (8.13-34.23 mg kg-1), zinc (Zn) (28.42-64.33 mg kg-1), iron (Fe) (44.86-128.53 mg kg-1), and manganese (Mn) (16.56-35.76 mg kg-1). Average concentrations of micro and macronutrients were found higher in the landraces as compared to the commercial cultivars. Principal component analysis grouped the studied germplasm into two groups on the basis of their Zn concentrations. Results from this study expressed the presence of high range of diversity in the Turkish faba bean germplasm for micro and macronutrient elements. Findings of this study will serves as starting point for the development of improved faba bean varieties through conventional and modern breeding technologies and these variations will be helpful for the identification of linked markers through the genome wide association studies and identifying diverse parents for quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping.

Sivas Ekolojik Koşullarında Soğuğa Dayanıklı Bezelye (Pisum sativum ssp. sativum L. ve ssp. arvense L.) Genotiplerinin Belirlenmesi

Cumhuriyet Universitesi, Sivas Meslek Yuksekokulu, Bitkisel ve Hayvansal Uretim Bolumu Arastirma Deneme Alaninda, 2013-2014 yetistirme sezonunda yurutulen bu arastirmada; ulkemizin farkli bolgelerinden toplanmis olan toplam 130 adet yerel bezelye genotipi ile 4 ticari cesit Sivas ekolojik kosullarinda kisa dayaniklilik duzeylerinin saptanmasi amaci ile materyal olarak kullanilmistir. Arastirmada, soguga dayaniklilik (1-5), bitki boyu, ilk bakla yuksekligi, bitkide bakla sayisi, bitkide tane sayisi, 100 tane agirligi ve tane verimi gibi agronomik ve morfolojik ozellikler incelenmistir. Istanbul, Kars, Diyarbakir, Bolu ve Sivas orijinli toplam 5 adet bezelye yerel genotipi soguga yuksek duzeyde dayanikli, Adiyaman, Elazig, Kastamonu, Malatya, Sakarya, Tokat, Afyon, Bingol, Konya, Karaman, Van, Hakkari ve Şirnak orijinli bezelye genotipleri soguga dayanikli olduklari saptanmistir. Denizli, Edirne, Kirklareli, Manisa, Kahramanmaras, Giresun, Ordu orijinli bezelye genotipleri ve Ulubatli, Kirazli bezelye cesitleri soguga orta duzeyde toleransli olduklari belirlenmistir. Karina ve Jof cesitleri soguga tolerans gosterememis ve tum bitkiler olmustur.