Fei Weng

Effect of CeO2 and Y2O3 on microstructure, bioactivity and degradability of laser cladding CaO-SiO2 coating on titanium alloy.

To solve the lack of strength of bulk biomaterials for load-bearing applications and improve the bioactivity of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), CaO-SiO2 coatings on titanium alloy were fabricated by laser cladding technique. The effect of CeO2 and Y2O3 on microstructure and properties of laser cladding coating was analyzed. The cross-section microstructure of ceramic layer from top to bottom gradually changes from cellular-dendrite structure to compact cellular crystal. The addition of CeO2 or Y2O3 refines the microstructure of the ceramic layer in the upper and middle regions. The refining effect on the grain is related to the kinds of additives and their content. The coating is mainly composed of CaTiO3, CaO, α-Ca2(SiO4), SiO2 and TiO2. Y2O3 inhibits the formation of CaO. After soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF), the calcium phosphate layer is formed on the coating surface, indicating the coating has bioactivity. After soaking in Tris-HCl solution, the samples doped with CeO2 or Y2O3 present a lower weight loss, indicating the addition of CeO2 or Y2O3 improves the degradability of laser cladding sample.

Fabrication of Co-Based Coatings on Titanium Alloy by Laser Cladding with CeO2 Addition

In this study, Co-based laser cladding coatings reinforced by multiple phases were fabricated on titanium alloy. Co42 Co-based self-fluxing alloy, B4C, and CeO2 mixed powders were used as the precursor materials. The coatings were mainly composed of γ-Co/Ni, CoTi2, CoTi, NiTi, TiC, Cr7C3, TiB2, and TiB phases. A typical TiB2/Cr7C3/TiC composite structure was chosen. It was found that CeO2 did not influence the phase types of the coating significantly, but was effective in refining the microstructure and enhancing the microhardness and dry sliding wear resistance. Compared with the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, the microhardness and wear resistance of the composite coatings were enhanced by 3.44–4.21 times and 14.26–16.87 times, respectively.

Influence of Nb and Y on Hot Corrosion Behavior of Ni–Cr-based Superalloys

The hot corrosion behaviors of new-type Ni–Cr-based superalloys were investigated at elevated temperature. The effect of Nb or/and Y on hot corrosion resistance was investigated by corrosion kinetics. Surface morphology of the corrosion products was observed by SEM and the phase constituents were analyzed by XRD. Results showed that the corrosion scales of the Ni–Cr-based alloys consisted of Cr2O3, Al2O3, TiO2, and NiCr2O4. NiO was only detected in the alloy without Nb and Y. With the addition of Nb or/and Y, the hot corrosion resistance of the alloy was notably improved. The action mechanisms of Nb and Y were discussed in this study.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND HIGH TEMPERATURE OXIDATION BEHAVIOR OF Ti–Al COATING REINFORCED BY NITRIDES ON Ti–6Al–4V ALLOY

Ti–Al alloyed coating reinforced by nitrides was fabricated by laser surface alloying technique to improve mechanical properties and high temperature oxidation resistance of Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy. Microstructures, mechanical properties and high temperature oxidation behavior of the alloyed coating were analyzed. The results show that the alloyed coating consisted of Ti3Al, TiAl2, TiN and Ti2AlN phases. Nitrides with different morphologies were dispersed in the alloyed coating. The maximum microhardness of the alloyed coating was 906HV. The friction coefficients of the alloyed coating at room temperature and high temperature were both one-fourth of the substrate. Mass gain of the alloyed coating oxidized at 800∘C for 1000h in static air was 5.16×10−3mg/mm2, which was 1/35th of the substrate. No obvious spallation was observed for the alloyed coating after oxidation. The alloyed coating exhibited excellent mechanical properties and long-term high temperature oxidation resistance, which improved surface properties of Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy significantly.

Fabrication of Ni-Based Superalloys Containing Nb and Their High Temperature Oxidation Behaviors

Ni-based superalloys with different contents of Nb addition were fabricated by vacuum melting and casting. High temperature oxidation behaviors of the designed alloys were investigated by thermogravimetry. Microstructure and phase constituent of the oxidation scales were studied using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Results showed that irrespective of the composition, all specimens obeyed the parabolic law during different stages. The scales on specimens B and C with 2.0 wt.% and 2.5 wt.% Nb addition, respectively, were mainly comprised of Cr2O3 and NiCr2O4. However, specimen A, with no Nb addition showed only NiO in the outer scale. The oxidation scales all exhibited a layered structure. With 2.0 wt.%Nb addition, the superalloys high temperature oxidation resistance was enhanced by about 25%.

Preparation and characterization of laser cladding wollastonite derived bioceramic coating on titanium alloy

The bioceramic coating is fabricated on titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) by laser cladding the preplaced wollastonite (CaSiO3) powders. The coating on Ti6Al4V is characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared. The interface bonding strength is measured using the stretching method using an RGD-5-type electronic tensile machine. The microhardness distribution of the cross-section is determined using an indentation test. The in vitro bioactivity of the coating on Ti6Al4V is evaluated using the in vitro simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion test. The microstructure of the laser cladding sample is affected by the process parameters. The coating surface is coarse, accidented, and microporous. The cross-section microstructure of the ceramic layer from the bottom to the top gradually changes from cellular crystal, fine cellular-dendrite structure to underdeveloped dendrite crystal. The coating on Ti6Al4V is composed of CaTiO3, CaO, α-Ca2SiO4, SiO2, and TiO2. After soaking in the SBF solution, the calcium phosphate layer is formed on the coating surface.

MICRO-STRUCTURES OF HARD COATINGS DEPOSITED ON TITANIUM ALLOYS BY LASER ALLOYING TECHNIQUE

This work is based on micro-structural performance of the Ti–B4C–C laser alloying coatings on Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy. The test results indicated that laser alloying of the Ti–B4C–C pre-placed powders on the Ti–6Al–4V alloy substrate can form the ceramics reinforced hard alloying coatings, which increased the micro-hardness and wear resistance of substrate. The test result also indicated that the TiB phase was produced in alloying coating, which corresponded to its (101) crystal plane. In addition, yttria has a refining effect on micro-structures of the laser alloying coating, and its refinement mechanism was analyzed. This research provided essential experimental and theoretical basis to promote the applications of the laser alloying technique in manufacturing and repairing of the aerospace parts.