Fengshan Zhou

Cuprous oxide created on sepiolite: preparation, characterization, and photocatalytic activity in treatment of red water from 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene manufacturing.

Cuprous oxide is firstly created on acidized sepiolite (AS) by a simple deposition method for photocatalytic degradation of the red water produced from 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) manufacturing. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection absorptive spectroscopy (UV-vis/DRS), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy are used to characterize the photocatalyst composites. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is employed to determine the organic constituents in the red water. The results show that the cuprous oxide particles can be immobilized on the surface of the AS fibers and the structure of the AS is altered when cuprous oxide interacts with AS via chemical reactions besides physical adsorption. The AS improves the optical properties of cuprous oxide and red-shifts the band gap thereby enhancing the utilization of visible light. The Cu(2)O/AS composites demonstrate excellent photocatalytic performance in the degradation of red water. 87.0% of red water can be photocatalytically degraded by Cu(2)O/AS after illumined for 5h and a majority of organic components of red water except 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene were degraded according to GC-MS analysis.

Microwave Synthesis of Cuprous Oxide Micro-/Nanocrystals with Different Morphologies and Photocatalytic Activities

Cuprous oxide micro-/nanocrystals were synthesized by using a simple liquid phase reduction process under microwave irradiation. Copper sulfate was used as the starting materials and macromolecule surfactants served as the templates. The morphologies phase and optical properties of them are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection absorptive spectra (UV-vis/DRS), respectively. The crystals had four different shapes, namely spheres, strips, octahedrons, and dandelions. The photocatalytic behavior of the cuprous oxide particles were investigated by monitoring the degradation of rhodamine B. In spite of the different morphologies, all of the cuprous oxide micro-/nanocrystals exhibited photocatalytic activities under visible light irradiation in the following order: dandelions, strips, spheres, and octahedral crystals. The photocatalytic degradation rates of rhodamine B are 56.37%, 55.68%, 51.83% and 46.16%, respectively. The morphology affects significantly the photocatalytic performance.

Novel polyaluminum ferric chloride composite coagulant from Bayer red mud for wastewater treatment

AbstractA novel composite inorganic polyaluminum ferric chloride (PAFC) coagulant was prepared from Bayer red mud and was usable for wastewater treatment. The reaction parameters affecting the PAFC coagulant performance such as the type of alkali used as the polymerization adjuster, pH, reaction temperature, and reaction time were examined in this study. The structure and morphology of the product were characterized by infrared spectra (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The optimized conditions for preparation were decided as using Ca(AlO2)2 and NaOH together as the polymerization adjuster to reach a pH value of 2.47 with the mixture being kept at 80°C for 6 h. Furthermore, the coagulation performance of the PAFC coagulant was tested in real wastewater samples of pretreated oily sewage and printing and dyeing wastewater. The prepared PAFC coagulant outperformed commercially available PAC coagulant.

Novel multiple coagulant from Bayer red mud for oily sewage treatment

AbstractMultiple coagulants for the treatment of wastewater were prepared. To obtain the optimum synthetic conditions of coagulants, response surface methodology was used to establish the relationship between parameters and the treatment efficiency. In addition, parameters affecting the coagulation–flocculation process, such as the dosage of attapulgite (ATP), the dosage of poly-dimethyl-diallyl-ammonium chloride (PDMDAAC), and the reaction temperature, were investigated. The optimized parameters to prepare multiple coagulant were determined as the dosage of ATP and PDMDAAC being 4 and 2%, respectively, and the reaction temperature being 60°C. The coagulation performance for oily sewage showed that the optimum dosage of coagulant for the maximum treatment was 100 mg/L and the sedimentation time was 30 min at 60°C. In the coagulation–flocculation process, the COD of the oily water decreased from 534 to 246 mg/L and its turbidity decreased from 124 to 2.0 NTU.

Utilization of recycled chemical residues from sodium hydrosulfite production in solid lubricant for drilling fluids

AbstractThe chemical residues from sodium hydrosulfite production contain complex chemical composition and give out a bad odor posing a grave threat to the environment and public health. The organic residues containing thiodiglycol, 2,2′-dithiodiethanol, and 1,4-thioxane are suitable for high pressure lubrication applications. In this paper, the chemical residues were recycled and used to prepare the solid lubricant for drilling fluids. The lubricity of solid lubricant was illustrated and the experimental results indicated that the solid lubricant could improve lubricity of drilling fluids, which had met the requirement of industrial applications. Experimental studies were also performed on its salt resistance, temperature resistance, and compatibility. The solid lubricant had passed pilot experiments and been used in the Changqing and Dagang oil fields in China. This study not only enables recycling of industrial products but also makes the clean production come true, which contributed to environment pro...

A Promising Material by Using Residue Waste from Bisphenol A Manufacturing to Prepare Fluid-Loss-Control Additive in Oil Well Drilling Fluid

The residues mixture from Bisphenol A manufacturing process was analyzed. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to characterize the residues. The results indicated that the residues were complex mixture of several molecules. 3-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5-ol and phenol were the main components of the residues. The technical feasibility of using it as phenol replacement in fluid-loss-control additive production was also investigated. The fluid-loss-control capacity of the novel additive was systematically investigated. It was discovered that the well fluid-loss performance of the prepared additive can be achieved, especially at high temperature.