Ferenc Kozár

An annotated update of the scale insect checklist of Hungary (Hemiptera, Coccoidea)

Abstract The number of scale insect species (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) known from Hungary has increased in the last 10 years by 39 (16.6 %), to a total of 274 species belonging to 112 genera in10 families. The family Pseudococcidae is the most species rich, with 101 species in 34 genera; Diaspididae contains 59 species in 27 genera; Coccidae contains 54 species in 27 genera; and the Eriococcidae contains 33 species in 8 genera. The other 6 coccoid families each contain only a few species: Asterolecaniidae (7 species in 3 genera); Ortheziidae (7 species in 4 genera); Margarodidae sensu lato (5 species in 5 genera); Cryptococcidae (3 species in 2 genera); Kermesidae (4 species in 1genus); and Cerococcidae (1 species). Of the species in the check list, 224 were found in outdoor conditions, while 50 species occurred only in indoor conditions. This paper contains 22 species recorded for the first time in the Hungarian fauna.

Data on the scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) fauna of Greece, with description of two new species

Surveys of the scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) fauna of Greece were carried out in 2013 and 2014. Altogether 93 scale insect species were collected, belonging to 11 families. Thirty-eight species (41%) proved to be new to the Greek fauna, including two species new to science (Anophococcus hellenicus Kaydan & Szita sp. n. (Acanthococcidae) and Iberococcus attikus Szita & Fetykó sp. n. (Pseudococcidae)), and two introduced invasive species (Phenacoccus graminicola Leonardi and Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana), both Pseudococcidae). The rest of the species seem to be native to the Greek fauna. The total number of scale insect species recorded from Greece is increased to 253.

Check list and zoogeographic analysis of the scale insect fauna (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) of Greece

This paper presents an updated checklist of the Greek scale insect fauna and the results of the first zoogeographic analysis of the Greek scale insect fauna. According to the latest data, the scale insect fauna of the whole Greek territory includes 207 species; of which 187 species are recorded from mainland Greece and the minor islands, whereas only 87 species are known from Crete. The most rich families are the Diaspididae (with 86 species), followed by Coccidae (with 35 species) and Pseudococcidae (with 34 species). In this study the results of a zoogeographic analysis of scale insect fauna from mainland Greece and Crete are also presented. Five species, four from mainland Greece and one from Crete are considered to be endemic. Comparison with the scale insect fauna of other countries is provided.

The genus Arctorthezia Cockerell (Hemiptera, Ortheziidae) with the description of a new species

Abstract This paper describes a new species of Arctorthezia Cockerell (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Ortheziidae) from the Palaearctic region. The specimens were extracted from forest litter in the collections of Muséum d’histoire Naturelle de Genève, Switzerland, using Berlese funnels. Three further species, Arctorthezia cataphracta (Olafsen), Arctorthezia occidentalis (Douglas) and Arctorthezia pseudoccidentalis Morrison, are redescribed and re-illustrated. The genus Arctorthezia now contains five species. An identification key, diagnostic illustrations, photographs of unmounted females and new locality records of the Arctorthezia species currently known are provided.

Data on ecology of some Hemiptera species recorded in the forest of Taygetus Mountain, Peloponnesus, Greece

Data on ecology of the Hemiptera species found in the forest area of the Taygetus Mountain during the years 2004–2008 are presented. The scale insects Eulecanium sericeum (Lindinger) (Hemiptera: Coccidae), Nemolecanium graniformis (Wünn) (Hemiptera: Coccidae), Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae), Physokermes inopinatus Danzig & Kozár (Hemiptera: Coccidae), Dynaspidiotus abietis (Schrank) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and the aphid Cinara confinis (Koch) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were found infesting fir trees Abies cephalonica (Pinaceae) and the scale species Lineaspis striata (Newstead) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and Planococcus vovae (Nasonov) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) were found on Juniperus oxycedrus (Cupressaceae). The coccids P. hemicryphus, P. inopinatus, N. graniformis and the diaspidid D. abietis complete one generation per year in the study area. The predatory species Chilocorus bipustulatus (L.), Exochomus quadripustulatus (L.), Ceratomegilla undecimnotata (Schneider), Coccinella septempunctata L. and Scymnus sp. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were observed on the infested plants. The encyrtid Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg) parasitized female adults of P. hemicryphus. The parasitization level reached 47.8% in July.

Links between host-plant type and site of feeding as revealed by the evolution of Palaearctic Eriococcidae (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea)

Abstract This work is an assessment of the biogeographical, taxonomic, biological and phylogenetic knowledge of the poorly defined family Eriococcidae. The study of its geographical diversity shows the richness of the Palearctic fauna on which the present analysis focuses. The numerous systems dealing with the taxonomy of Eriococcidae are detailed, and the specific taxonomical status of the genus Eriococcus, which contains 155 out of the 175 known Palearctic species is reevaluated. The phylogeny of the palaearctic members of the scale insect family Eriococcidae is reconstructed, using 9 genera and 52 species. Three more scale insect species belonging to 3 families were used as outgroups. The cladistic analysis of 130 morphological characters of the adults resulted in 10 most parsimonious trees, placing Eriococcus buxi as the sister-group of all other sampled Eriococcidae. The genera Acanthococcus, Rhizococcus, Greenisca and Anophococcus appear as para- or polyphyletic, but the weakness of most of the clades does not allow to denounce strictly the monophyly of these genera. However, some clades are supported with high confidence, like (Kaweckia + Neokaweckia), (Anophococcus parvispinus(Anophococcus inermis+Greenisca placida) and (Gossyparia spuria+Acanthococcus aceris). Concerning host-plant relationships, the phylogeny supports an evolutionary scenario whereby the ancestor of the family Eriococcidae fed originally on woody plants, and more typically on leaves. The switch observed from Poaceae to other herbaceous plants is correlated to the switch from leaves as preferred site of nutrition to branches and stems. The supported scenario shows another switch, back from other herbs to Poaceae, associated to the choice of leaves as nutrition site.

Phenacoccus Longoi Russo (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) Newly Recorded from Fir Forests in Greece

As part of a continuing study of the scale insects of Greece, several species new to the fauna have been recorded in recent years (Milonas et al., 2008; Pelliz zari et al., 2011; Ben-Dov et al., 2013). The most recent scale insect checklist for Greece was prepared by Milonas and Kozár (2008) and Milonas et al. (2008) and includes 171 scale species. However, the richness of the Coccoidea fauna in neighboring countries, e.g., Italy, is much higher (Pellizzari and Russo, 2005; Pellizzari, 2010) than in Greece, and we conclude that our present knowledge is incomplete and that more intensive study is needed. A survey of honeydew-producing scale insects since 2002 has yielded a substantial number of new records and also species new to science (Hodgson and Gounari, 2006; Stathas 2007-2008; Kozár et al., 2012). Since 70% of the annual honey production in Greece is derived from honeydew (excreted by many scale insects), it is of great interest to gather further information on the distribution and phenology of scale insects, especially those parasitizing Pinus spp. and Abies spp. Scale insects were collected between 2006 and 2011 on Abies cephalonica in two locations: Kefallonia Island and Mainalo Mountain in the Central Pelo pon nesus. Approximately 10 wood cuttings, each 30-40cm long, of five trees of similar age and growth, were collected once a month from each of the investigation areas and were then studied under an Olympus dissecting microscope with an Olympus digital camera in the laboratory of the Institute of Veterinary Research of Athens, Greece. Specimens were preserved in ethanol, then mounted on glass slides according to the methods of Kosztarab and Kozár (1988). These slides were deposited in either the Laboratory of Apiculture, Institute of Mediterranean Forest Eco sys 354 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS