Feri Afrinaldi

EDAS: Software for End-of-Life Disassembly Analysis

In recent years, many countries have developed legislations which are aimed to force manufacturers to recycle their products at the end of their life. However, before end-of-life products can be recycled, end-of-life disassembly needs to be in place. It entails large amounts of capital expenditure and time. Besides this, product designers also do not have experience in disassembling and recycling to determine the impact of various design aspects on difficulty at the disassembly stage. Therefore, there is a need for a tool to analyse the disassemblability and recyclability. This paper proposes software named as EDAS to fulfil those needs.

A Binary Linear Programming Approach for LCA System Boundary Identification

One of the very first steps in conducting life cycle assessment (LCA) is system boundaries identification. A binary linear programming (LP) model is proposed to identify boundary between significant and insignificant processes in a LCA study. The proposed model is designed based on Relative Mass-Energy-Economic (RMEE) methodology. There are two types of objective function that can be solved by the proposed model, (1) to minimize number of processes considered in LCA or (2) to maximize cut-off criteria values. A numerical example and sensitivity analysis are provided to verify the applicability of the proposed model.

A decision making software for end-of-life vehicle disassemblability and recyclability analysis

Currently, many countries have developed new legislations which are aimed at greater emphasis to force motor vehicle manufacturers to recycle their products at the end of their life. However, before end-of-life vehicles can be recycled, the end-of-life disassembly needs to be in placed. It entails large amounts of capital expenditure and time. Most manufacturers would not like to even considering disassembling and recycling the end-of-life vehicles unless costs are justified and financial gains assured. Therefore, there is a strong need for the software to evaluate the disassemblability and recyclability aspect of the end-of-life vehicles and to determine its technological and economic impact. This paper presents the software to fulfill the above needs. The software is expected to show how economically efficient is it to disassemble end-of-life vehicles and check the opportunity of a component to be reused, recycled and remanufactured.

An improved binary linear programming approach for life cycle assessment system boundary identification

According to ISO standards life cycle assessment (LCA) consists of goal definition and scoping, inventory analysis, life cycle impact assessment and interpretation. In goal definition and scoping LCA system boundary is defined. Since LCA is time consuming then there is a need for a systematic approach to determine which processes needed to be included in the system boundary. This paper fulfills the need by proposing an improved binary linear programming model for LCA system boundary identification. The objective function of the model is to minimize the number of processes included in the system boundary and its constraints are the specified mass, energy and economic value ratios. In order to demonstrate its applicability an example is presented. A sensitivity analysis is also conducted in order to illustrate how the change in the specified mass, energy and economic value ratio will affect current optimum system boundary.

A New Methodology for Integration of End-of-Life Option Determination and Disassemblability Analysis

Nowadays many countries have developed new legislations which are aimed at greater emphasis to force manufacturers to reuse, recycle, recover, and remanufacture their products at the end of their life. However, an essential process for the recycling and/or reuse/remanufacturing of end-of-life products is product disassembly. This entails large amounts of capital expenditure, and most manufacturers would not like to even consider disassembling and remanufacturing unless capital costs are justified and financial gains assured. To enhance the recycling process, it is necessary to analyze the product from the end-of-life point of view. Without the understanding of end-of-life aspect, the ease of disassembly and recycling of a product can hardly be enhanced. Therefore, there is a strong need for developing a new methodology to evaluate the product disassemblability aspect and to determine its technological and economic impact at the end-of-life. This paper presents a new methodology to fulfill the above needs. It integrates the end-of-life option determination and disassemblability evaluation in one framework. The proposed methodology is divided into five stages: (1) Define the product; (2) Determine the end-of-life option and calculate the end-of-life value; (3) Evaluate the disassemblability and calculate the disassembly cost; (4) Calculate the recycling rate; and (5) Disassembly evaluation report. In order to show the application of the proposed methodology, a case study was conducted. The results of the case study prove that the methodology is able to show how economically efficient is it to disassemble a product and identify the opportunity of a component to be reused and/or recycled/remanufactured.