Fernando C. Jerep

Hemigrammus tocantinsi: a new species from the upper rio Tocantins basin, Central Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae)

Hemigrammus tocantinsi is described from the upper rio Tocantins basin, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goias State, Central Brazil. The new species differs from its congeners by the presence of 15-17 branched anal-fin rays, longitudinal stripe relatively narrow anteriorly and wider posteriorly, and one or two maxillary teeth. Sexual dimorphism of the new species is characterized by differences among the color in life, adipose-fin origin, body measurements, in addition to presence of bony hooks in the anal and pelvic fins of males.

A new species of Hypostomus Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper rio Paraná basin, Southern Brazil

A new species of Hypostomus with large and spaced light roundish spots is described from the upper rio Parana basin. Hypostomus multidens new species is distinguished from all remaining congeners with light spots on a darker background by two independent characters: the presence of teeth with two symmetrical cusps, and a high tooth number in each dentary (122267, mean 196.8) and premaxilla (115-260, mean 190.8).

New Species of Hemigrammocharax (Characiformes: Distichodontidae) from the Northwestern Congo River Basin

Hemigrammocharax rubensteini is described from the northwestern Congo River basin in the Lékoli River of the Likouala River system, Republic of the Congo. The species differs from congeners in the combination of pigmentation pattern, meristics, and position of the dorsal fin. The presence of a well-developed pseudotympanum, a feature not previously reported in the Distichodontidae, is reported for H. rubensteini and other members of Hemigrammocharax and Nannocharax.

Revision of the genus Macropsobrycon Eigenmann, 1915 (Characidae: Cheirodontinae : Compsurini)

The cheirodontine genus Macropsobrycon is redefined and considered monotypic. The type species, M. uruguayanae, is redescribed based on samples from the entire known geographical distribution of the species. Sexually dimorphic characters of M. uruguayanae are further described and the relationships of the species with the remaining Compsurini are discussed.

New species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann (Ostariophysi: Characidae) from the upper rio Tocantins basin in Central Brazil

Moenkhausia dasalmas is described from the upper rio Tocantins basin, in the Chapada dos Veadeiros region, Goias State, Central Brazil. The new species differs from all congeners by the presence of iii,9 rays in the dorsal fin. It can also be distinguished from its congeners by the presence of two humeral spots (first one vertically elongate and second one faint), by the number of branched anal-fin rays (17-19), lateral line scales (36-37), maxillary teeth (4-5), and a vertical dark spot in the caudal peduncle end.

Astyanax goyanensis (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1944), new combination and Astyanax courensis, new species (Ostariophysi: Characiformes): two Characidae from the upper rio Tocantins basin, Central Brazil

Astyanax goyanensis (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1944), new combination, is redescribed based on the type series and topotypes, and A. courensis, new species, is herein described. Both species were collected in the rio dos Couros basin, upper rio Tocantins basin, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goias State, Brazil. These species possess the characters and general body morphology of the species of the Astyanax scabripinnis species complex. The new combination of Astyanax goyanensis is supported by the absence of characters that define Astyanacinus. Astyanax goyanensis and A. courensis differ from their congeners by meristic and morphometric characters, and color pattern. Astyanax goyanensis has only seven pelvic-fin rays, an uncommon character in the species of this genus, and A. courensis possesses only three or four scale rows below the lateral-line, fewer than typical of the genus.

New Species of Nannocharax (Characiformes: Distichodontidae) from the Northwestern Congo River Basin, with an Appraisal of Hemigrammocharax

Nannocharax hastatus, new species, is described from the Lékoli River in the Likouala River system, Pool Malebo, and the Luilaka and Tshuapa rivers of the Momboyo river basin in the northwestern and central portions of the Congo River basin. The new species shares with N. ocellicauda and N. maculicauda a distinctive coloration pattern of a nearly completely unpigmented body other than for dark lines along the bases of the anal and dorsal fins and a longitudinally elongate, ovoid, dark spot on the posterior portion of the caudal peduncle and basal region of the central caudal-fin rays. That pigmentation pattern is unique to these three species in what was defined as the Hemigrammocharax–Nannocharax clade. In addition to coloration the three species share a distinctive overall elongate form of the head and body. Nannocharax hastatus differs from N. ocellicauda and N. maculicauda in the extent of poring along the lateral line and number of lateral line and circumpeduncular scales. Variation in the degree of poring of the lateral line in the species complex formed by these three species provides further evidence that the feature used-to-date to delimit Hemigrammocharax from Nannocharax—the extent of poring along the lateral line—fails to define monophyletic assemblages, and Hemigrammocharax is placed into the synonymy of Nannocharax which now forms a monophyletic assemblage.

A New Genus and Species of Cheirodontine Fish from South America (Teleostei: Characidae)

Ctenocheirodon pristis, a new genus and species of cheirodontine fish from South America is described. The new genus possesses derived ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays and anal-fin rays that support its placement among characids of the tribe Cheirodontini. The new genus and species is diagnosed from the other members of the tribe by the shape of ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays and anal-fin rays. Ctenocheirodon pristis, um novo gênero e espécie de Cheirodontinae da América do Sul é descrito. O novo gênero possui raios procurrentes ventrais da nadadeira caudal e raios da nadadeira anal derivados, que suportam sua alocação entre os caracídeos da tribo Cheirodontini. O novo gênero e espécie são diagnosticados dos demais táxons da tribo pelo formato dos raios procurrentes ventrais da nadadeira caudal e raios da nadadeira anal.

Geographic distribution of Hemigrammus ora (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae) in the Amazon basin, Brazil

New records of Hemigrammus ora Zarske, Le Bail & Gery, 2006, previously believed to be endemic to the French Guiana drainages, are confirmed for Brazilian drainages. The species is reported from the Tocantins-Araguaia system and lower Amazon River. Morphometric and meristic data, previously undescribed morphological traits related to caudal-fin squamation and anal-fin hooks, and geographic variation are presented for the species.

Fish, Taquara river basin, northern of the state of Paraná, Brazil.

Taquara River is situated in an agriculturist region, on the northern portion of the Tibagi river basin, state of Parana. Fish fauna was collected in five stretches of the Taquara River and in nine headwaters of its tributaries, in the period of May to December 2006. Six orders, 22 families, and 74 species were collected, in a sum of 2,389 individuals. The orders Characiformes and Siluriformes were dominant.