Fernando César Juliatti

Efeito de pontas de pulverização no controle químico da ferrugem da soja

A composition is provided, including one or more quantum dots and at least one organic emitter. Further, a formulation including the composition, a use of the formulation and a device comprising the composition or formulation is provided.

Genetic control of resistance to soilborne wheat mosaic virus in Brazilian cultivars of Triticum aestivum L. Thell.

In Southern Brazil, under ideal conditions Soilborne Wheat Mosaic Virus (SBWMV) induces yield reductions to the wheat crop of over 50%. The only effective way of controlling the disease is through resistance. However, the inheritance of resistance is not been fully understood. The purpose of this work was to study the genetic control of resistance to SBWMV. Crosses were carried out between the resistant wheat cultivar Embrapa 16 and the susceptible cultivars BR 23 and IAC 5-Maringá, at the National Wheat Research Centre, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil. The parents, F1, F2, and backcrosses were sown in plots in a field where soil was naturally infested with the vector of the virus, the fungus Polymyxa graminis, in order to promote natural infection. All plants were individually evaluated for severity and type of lesions, according to a scale of 0 to 5, where, 0 = absence of symptoms and 5 = plants severely affected by mosaic plus dwarfing and rosetting. The statistical analyses of the data showed broad sense heritability values between 43% and 55%. The data suggested the presence of two genes controlling resistance to SBWMV in the segregating population of both crosses.

Seleção de clones de batata-doce resistentes a insetos de solo

O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar clones comerciais de batata-doce para a regiao do Triângulo Mineiro. Dos clones avaliados, 60 foram obtidos por policruzamentos e cedidos pela Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), tres, entre produtores rurais dos municipios de Araguari, Uberlândia e Machado, todos do Estado de Minas Gerais, e outros nove foram usados como testemunhas (Brazlândia Branca, Brazlândia Rosada, Surpresa, Rio Doce, Morena Roxa, Coquinho, Arroba, Pira 1 e o Clone 042). O experimento foi instalado no espacamento de 1,10 x 0,45 m, utilizando-se o delineamento blocos casualizados, com 72 tratamentos, quatro repeticoes e 16 plantas por parcela. Entre os clones avaliados 32,8% apresentaram alta ou moderada resistencia a insetos de solo. O clone 95041 foi o mais produtivo, com 28.048,96 kg/ha. Os clones 95009, 95010, 95014, 95020, 95033, 95042 e 95057 foram altamente resistentes a insetos de solo.

Avaliação da resistência da soja a Sclerotinia sclerotiorum em diferentes estádios fenológicos e períodos de exposição ao inóculo

The objectives of this work were to determine the most adequate phenological stage of soybean plants for inoculation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and the period of contact between inoculum and plant tissues to detect partial resistance of soybean to the pathogen. Plants of two soybean cultivars, MG/BR-46 (Conquista) and M-SOY 8200 were inoculated at five different phenological stages (V1, V2, V3, V4 and R1). Inoculation involved different periods of contact between culture disks of an isolate of S. sclerotiorum which was selected based on high aggressiveness against soybean. It was observed that disease severity decreased as plants became older and it was concluded that V1and V2(leaves and stems) and V3(leaves) were ideal stages for inoculation during tests aimed at determining levels of resistance in soybean cultivars. Continuous contact of inoculum with plant tissues yielded good results for inoculation of S. sclerotiorum, either onto detached organs or onto organs connected to living plants. Ninety genotypes of soybean were evaluated by placing culture disks in continuous contact with folioles. Only 19 genotypes were moderately resistant and, among these, only two were moderately resistant in inoculation involving whole plants.

Período latente e uso da análise de componentes principais para caracterizar a resistência parcial à ferrugem da soja

This study evaluated the reaction of 68 soybean genotypes for partial resistance to soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi. The experiment was done in Uberlândia, MG, under greenhouse conditions from December 2004 to February 2005, consisting of three evaluation times. The following resistance characteristics were evaluated: average latent period (PLM), average number of pustules per leaflet and rust severity. The area under the disease progress curve (AACPD) was calculated based on the variables average number of leaflet pustules and severity. Analysis of variance and comparison of the averages by the Scott Knott test were done at 5% probability. Significant differences Martins, J. A. S.; Juliatti, F. C.; Santos, V. A.; Polizel, A. C.; Juliatti, F. C. Latent period and the use of principal components analysis for partial resistance to soybean rust. Summa Phytopathologica, v.33, n.4, p.364-371, 2007. RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a reacao quanto a resistencia parcial causada pelo fungo Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow., em 68 genotipos de soja (Glycine max L. Merril). O experimento foi realizado em Uberlândia-MG, em casa de vegetacao, durante o periodo de dezembro de 2004 a fevereiro de 2005 e constou de tres epocas de avaliacao. Foram avaliadas as seguintes caracteristicas de resistencia: Periodo Latente Medio (PLM), numero medio de pustulas por foliolo e severidade da ferrugem. Com base nas variaveis, numero medio de pustulas por foliolo e severidade da ferrugem calculou-se a area abaixo da curva de progresso da doenca. Apos, realizou-se a analise de variância, e as medias foram comparadas pelo teste de Scott Knott, ao nivel de 5% de probabilidade. Foram encontradas diferencas significativas entre os

Avaliação da qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de genótipos de soja do ciclo precoce/médio em Uberlândia, Minas Gerais

The objective of this work was to evaluate the percentage of variables in 18 lines of soybean (Glycine max) in terms of germination, seed vigour, health and productivity. The experimental design utilized consisted of randon blocks, with four replications, and 18 treatments, according to soybean genotypes. The genotypes UFV94-426803 e BR92-06665 showed the longest and shortest germination times, 96 and 69%, respectively. This variable showed a positive correlation with seed vigour (r= +0.79), and a negative correlation with the incidence of Fusarium semitectum, Phomopsis sojae e Colletotrichum dematium. (r= -0.33, -0.39, e ¾0.26, respectively). In terms of seed vigour, the lines CSP-5 e BR93-6957 represented the highest and lowest percentages, 90 and 54.5%, respectively. There was a positive correlation between seed vigour and grain productivity (r= +0.59) and a negative correlation between seed vigour and the incidence of F. semitectum and P. sojae (r= -0.36 e ¾0.60, respectively). The incidence of F. semitectum was 47% in the FT-2002 line and 9% in the CSP-5 line. The incidence of P. sojae in the genotypes BR93-6957 and UFV94-426803 was 49.7 and 2.1%, respectively. The CSP line presented the highest incidence of C. dematium (3.8%). The genotypes FT-2001 and UFV94-1896 showed the highest (3.9 t/ha) and the lowest (2.48 t/ha) grain productivity. There was a negative correlation between this variable and the incidence of P. sojae (r= -0.44). The cultivars BR-16 e OCEPAR-3 presented intermediated values for all variables, but did not show smaller yields (grain production) than the other genotypes available in this experiment.

Avaliação de genótipos de tomateiro tipo Santa Cruz no período de verão, em Araguari, MG

A field experiment was carried out in the Jordao farm in Araguari, MG, Brazil, during the summer season, to evaluate the agronomic potential of genotypes (Santa Cruz type) of tomato. A randomized block design was used with 16 treatments (genotypes) and four replicates. The experimental plot was made up of two lines (1.00 m between lines and 0.55 m between plants) with 12 plants each (1 plant/pit). Seventeen harvests were made, starting 69 days after transplanting. Several genotypes as Saladinha, Debora Plus, SM-16 and Atlas had a good agronomic performance, being recommended to be cultivated in the region, in the summer season. Classified as AA type, the Saladinha and Atlas showed an average of 140 g/fruit. During the experiment a negative correlation, r = -0.52 and -0.54, could be observed, in the first evaluation, and correlation r = -0.55 and -0.45 in the second evaluation between total production, and commercial production in relation to geminivirus infection, respectively, for the different genotypes. The Saladinha e SM-16 hybrids showed the lowest number of infected plants, while Santa Clara Imported, Santa Clara, Jumbo AG-592 and IAC Santa Clara showed the highest number.

Mancha de Septoria da alface: isolamento, inoculação e avaliação de cultivares em condições de campo e casa de vegetação

ABSTRACT Lettuce Septoria leaf spot: isolation, inoculation, cultivarevaluation in field and greenhouse conditions The objectives of this work were to establish appropriatemethodologies for isolation and inoculation of Septoria lactucae inorder to evaluate resistance. Nine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ) cultivars(Vitoria-de-Santo-Antao, Uberlândia 10.000, Maioba, Elba, Aurelia,Black Seeded Simpson, Grand, Rapids, Salad Bowl-Mimosa andBaba de Verao) were screened for resistance to this pathogen undergreenhouse and field conditions. The best results obtained were: a)for isolation: to transfer cirrus of conidia directly to the surface ofPetri dishes with PDA medium plus antibiotics (streptomycin,chloramphenicol, ampicilim and riphampicin); b) for inoculation:to spray plants of six to eight leaves with a conidia suspension of1 x 10 4 spores/ml and keep them in a moist chamber for 48 h.Significant differences were found among cultivars both ingreenhouse and field tests. Under both conditions the cultivarsMaioba and Vitoria de Santo Antao were found to be, respectively,the most susceptible and the most resistant cultivars among thosetested. From these results, the greenhouse test methodology isseen to ge highly promising for the rapid screening of a greatnumber of genotypes in breeding programs of lettuce resistant to

Three inoculation methods for screening corn germplasm to white ear rot resistance

Three inoculation methods (natural, spraying and pouring) of Stenocarpella maydis in corn cobs were compared for their efficiency in screening corn genotypes for resistance to this pathogen. A total of six corn hybrids were inoculated with each method. Natural infection, spraying a conidial suspension on stigmas, or pouring it directly onto corn ears resulted in 21.02%, 39.78%, and 44.32% of infected ears. The high disease pressure provided by artificial inoculation of S. maydis allowed for a better differentiation between resistant and susceptible corn hybrids. The pouring technique was the easiest to carry out and better than the other methods under field conditions.

Seleção de progênies de feijoeiro F4 resistentes ao Bean golden mosaic virus

The objective of this investigation was to select Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) resistant 480 F4 progenies in full dialelle crosses under field conditions. The BGMV disease index calculation (ID) was obtained at the level of individual plants. The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivar Carioca-MG was the susceptible parent, and IAPAR-57, IAPAR-72 and IAPAR-65 were the resistant parent cultivars. The F4 progenies presented a higher degree of resistance than parental genotypes (2.62 vs. 2.87), and also greater variability. Genetic variance (0.2729) was significantly different from zero (P<0,01) with a broad heritability estimate of ha2 = 0.3953. According to the estimated selection gain (GS%), we can improve resistance to BGMV with a small number of progenies. The population originating from the IAPAR 72 parent presented progenies with higher resistance. The resistance mechanism is possibly of the partial resistance type.