Fernando Enrique Madalena

Parâmetros genéticos entre características de leite, de peso e a idade ao primeiro parto em gado mestiço leiteiro (Bos taurus x Bos indicus)

Genetic correlations between milk production (milk, fat, protein yield lactation length in 305-d lactation), live weight (average cow live weight, growth rate between 12-24 mo) and age at first calving traits were estimated in a population of Mestico Leiteiro Brasileiro (MLB) females using REML methodology and animal model. The estimates of heritability were respectively, 0.28± 0.08, 0.30±0.11, 0.28±0.09, 0.19±0.07, 0.18±0.06, 0.42±0.10 and 0.48±0.12 for those traits. Genetic correlations between milk, fat and protein yield with cow average weight were, respectively, -0.22±0.22, -0.49±0.31, -0.22±0.23, and between milk, fat and protein yield with heifer live weight gain, -0.59±0.35, -0.73±0.44, -0.62±0.37 as well. Genetic correlations between milk yield, cow average weight and heifer live weight gain with age at first calving were, respectively, 0.05±0.18, -0.05±0.18, 0.02±0.20. The high genetic correlation between milk production and lactation length (0.93±0.02) indicated that variation of the lactation length should not be removed when selecting tropical dairy cattle.

Uso de redes neurais artificais na predição de valores genéticos para peso aos 205 dias em bovinos da raça Tabapuã

Data from 19,240 Tabapua animals from 152 farms located in different states of Brazil, born from 1976 to 1995, were used to predict the genetic value of body weight at 205 days of age (BV_P205) of Tabapua beef cattle using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and LM algorithm - Levenberg Marquardt training for data entry. Due to the use of networks with supervised learning, the predicted breeding values for P205 from BLUP were used as desired output. The breeding values for P205 obtained from RNA and those predicted by BLUP were highly correlated. The ranked breeding values for body weight at 205 days through RNA and those predicted by BLUP (VG_P205_RNA) showed a variation in the classification of animals indicating risks in the use of ANNs procedure for genetic evaluation of this trait. Insertions of new animals require new training data always dependent on BLUP.

Seleção para produção de leite em núcleos MOET das raças zebuínas: um estudo de simulação

A stochastic genetic simulation of adult MOET breeding nucleus schemes was carried out. A finite panmitic population with discrete generation and selection for a trait under an infinitesimal model were assumed. The heritabilities of .25, .35 and .45 and the repeatability of .50 were considered. Different population sizes (N), mating strategies (A), number of MOET progenies (P) and number of sires selected from full sib family (R) used in the definition of the nucleus scheme were evaluated. Population sizes were of 16 donors/8 sires, 16 donors/4 sires and 32 donors/4 sires. Mating strategies were hierarchical (H) - each donor was mated to only one sire, factorial I (F-I) - each donor was mated to two sires, and factorial II (F-II) - each donor was mated to four sires. The number of MOET progenies from each donor by superovulation was 4 or 8. The number of selected sires from each full sib family was 1 or 2. Generation interval (IG) of 3.89 years was used whatever the mating strategy evaluated and the IG of 4.15 was also used when the F-II mating strategy was evaluated. All factors evaluated affected significantly (P<0.05) the genetic gain for all heritabilities considered. Interactions between N×A, N×R and P×A were also significant (P<0.05). The interaction A×R had a significant effect (P<0.05) only for heritabilities of .25 and .35. All factors studied for all heritability values had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the inbreeding rate. The N×P, N×A, N×R and P×A interactions had also a significant effect (P<0.05) on the inbreeding rate. It was strengthened that the MOET efficiency in producing viable embryos and positive pregnancies, besides the degree of reduction in IG, are responsible for the genetic progress rate in the MOET selection nucleus schemes.

Simulação dos efeitos dos preços de produtos e insumos na avaliação econômica de três sistemas alternativos de bovinocultura de cria

By computer simulation the effect of variation in input and output prices on economic returns from three calf production systems was examined. Production of F1 Holstein × Gir calves was more profitable than Nelore × Nelore or F1 Angus × Nelore calf production, primarily because the market value of F1 Holstein × Gir heifer calves was substantially higher than that of any other calf type. Variation in semen price had little impact on economic efficiency of the F1 Holstein × Gir system. In simulations accounting for capital investment, however, prices of land and of purebred Gir cows had important influences.

Desenvolvimento do software DRLinhagem para detecção de linhagens citoplasmáticas e avaliação de seu efeito sobre os pesos à desmama e ao ano de idade de animais Nelore no Centro-Oeste brasileiro

Records on 769,925 Nelore animals born from 1965 to 2000, in 30 regions of Brazil were used as base data to develop a flexible a ease use computational program for identifying maternal base lines in herds, allowing filter by country, state, region and herd. The Center-West region was selected for a detailed study of cytoplasmatic lines on weaning and yearling weights of Nelore animals. The estimated variance components for citoplasmatic lines were .58 x 10-3 and .80 x 10-.8 for weaning and yearling weights, respectively, and accounted for 1.00x10-5 and 9.90x10-6 of total weights variance, respectively. The direct additive component accounts for 11 and 12% of the total phenotypic variance of weaning and yearling weights.