Fernando Nestor Facio

EFFECTS OF SODIUM CYCLAMATE IN KIDNEYS OF RATS FETUSES: A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY

El ciclamato es usado como edulcorante no calorico en muchos alimentos y bebidas y es 30 veces mas dulce que la sacarosa, sin el gusto amargo de la sacarina. Aparecen en su composicion, los productos como ciclamato de sodio, ciclamato de calcio y acido ciclamico. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar los efectos del ciclamato de sodio en rinones de fetos de ratas, considerandose las alteraciones morfometricas en glomerulo, tubulos contornados proximal y distal y conducto coletor. Fueron utilizadas 10 ratas adultas (Rattus norvegicus) variedad Wistar, con peso medio de 238 g, 5 ratas para el grupo control y 5 ratas tratadas con ciclamato de sodio. Entre el 10 y 14 dia de la prenez, 5 ratas recibieron una inyeccion diaria intraperitoneal de 60mg/Kg/dia de ciclamato de sodio durante 5 dias. En el 20 dia, los animales fueron sacrificados y los fetos fijados en solucion de Alfac, incluidos en parafina, cortados y tenidos com H-E. El metodo utilizado fue la morfometria por la tecnica cariometrica. Hubo disminucion significativa en los pesos de los fetos y de la placenta en el grupo tratado con ciclamato de sodio (p= 0,004) comparado con el grupo control. En el volumen glomerular y tamano nuclear de las celulas de los tubulos contornados proximal, distal y conducto colector del rinon fetal de las ratas tratadas con ciclamato de sodio, hubo aumento estadisticamente significativo. Los resultados mostraron que el uso del ciclamato de sodio produjo la reduccion del peso de los fetos, placenta y longitud del cordon umbilical. Hubo aumento significativo en el volumen glomerular y en el tamano nuclear de las celulas de los tubulos contornados proximal, distal y conducto colector, sugerente de nefrotoxicidad

Association of Hypertension With Erectile Function in Chronic Peripheral Arterial Insufficiency Patients

Background Risk factors may influence the improvement or worsening of erectile dysfunction (ED). The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of systemic hypertension on ED in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Methods The effect of hypertension on ED was assessed in 125 consecutive patients in a cross-sectional quantitative study. The ages of the patients ranged from 19 to 88 years old (mean: 59.82 ± 10.48 years). The only exclusion criterion was the amputation of one or both legs. The ankle-arm index was assessed and the international index of ED questionnaire was applied to all participants in the study. Results Of the 125 patients, 22 (17.6%) had mild (grade 1), 50 (40.0%) had moderate (grade 2) and 53 (42.4%) had severe (grade 3) ED. Hypertensive patients have more ED, with ED in hypertensive patients being associated to chronic arterial disease. However, in comparison with normotensive patients, hypertension exerts an immediate protective effect on erectile function. Conclusions In conclusion, although erectile function is initially protected by systemic arterial hypertension in patients with chronic arterial disease, both chronic arterial disease and ED deteriorate over the long term in hypertensive patients.

Penile Replantation After Five Hours of Warm Ischemia

Although a rare occurrence, this event may occur as a result of self-mutilation among individuals with psychiatric disturbances or due to work-related accidents, iatrogenic injuries or the actions of individuals motivated by jealously, rage and feelings of betrayal. In western societies, most penile amputations are the result of self-aggression during a psychotic episode, the treatment of victims involves resuscitation, stabilization and immediate psychiatric support. The amputated tissue must be preserved under hypothermic conditions. Micro-surgery is currently the most widely employed method for penile replantation. This paper describes a successful case of penile replantation following 5 hours of warm ischemia.

Is sexual education an important skill to teach in medical schools

Most medical students are interested in education about sexual medicine in the practice and they believe that sexual medicine should be included in medical school curricula (1). Due to the growing need for medical care for problems related to human sexuality, it has been recommended that sexual medicine can be considered in medical courses.

Incidental finding of retrocaval ureter in a patient without hydronephrosis

Retrocaval or circuncaval ureters are rare congenital anomaly, in which the ureter is located posterior to the inferior vena cava (IVC). Usually, patients present symptoms in the 3rd or 4th decade of life due to compression of the ureter by the IVC, with obstruction of the urinary flow and consequent hydronephrosis. Herein we report the case of a 62-year-old patient who underwent ultrasonography to investigate abdominal pain. The patient had bilateral renal lithiasis associated with urinary tract dilation with no obvious obstruction. Computed tomography of the abdomen demonstrated a retrocaval ureter without hydronephrosis.

Clinical Treatment of Penile Fibrosis After Penoscrotal Lymphedema

Genital lymphedema in men can affect the penis and/or scrotum, causing deformity and causing sexual limitations, social isolation, poor quality of life and recurrent subcutaneous infections due to difficulties in hygiene. There are few studies in the literature emphasizing the treatment of penile fibrosis after penoscrotal lymphedema. The purpose of this report is to describe a case of penile fibrosis treated using a new compression method.

Maintenance of the Results of Stage II Lower Limb Lymphedema Treatment after Normalization of Leg Size

Objective The aim of this study was to identify strategies to transfer responsibility of the maintenance of the results of lymphedema treatment to the patient. Methods Maintenance of the reduction of edema was evaluated in a prospective clinical trial in patients with Stage II leg lymphedema. Twenty-one lymphedematous lower limbs were evaluated in Clínica Godoy in 2014 and 2016. The evaluation was done by volumetry at baseline and weekly thereafter for volume control. Patients wore Venosan® cotton 20/30 and 30/40 mmHg elastic compression stockings followed by a custom-made inelastic stocking made of grosgrain fabric. The Friedman test for multiple comparisons and Conover post hoc test were used for statistical analysis with an alpha error of 5%. Results On comparing leg volume changes using the different types of stockings, the 20/30 mmHg elastic compression stockings failed in the first week to maintain the volume reductions but the 30/40 mmHg compression stockings did not allow significant increases in volume (p value > 0.05). During one week, the grosgrain stocking reduced leg volumes to baseline values (p value = 0.24). Conclusion Higher compression of elastic stockings is better than lower compression but the inelastic grosgrain stocking is even better than both to maintain the results.

Primary Mixed Glandular-endocrine Tumor of the Male Proximal Urethra: A Case Report.

Primary urethral carcinoma is much more common in women than in men due to its association with urethritis. A 65-year-old man presented with a 10-month history of penile induration, obstructive voiding symptoms and hematuria. Urethrocystoscopy showed a solitary mass in the proximal urethra and no bladder involvement. It was performed penectomy without bladder neck excision and regional staging lymphadenectomy of the obturator lymph nodes. Pathological diagnosis revealed adenosquamous cell carcinoma with squamous and glandular components. We described a case of primary mixed glandular-endocrine tumor of the male proximal urethra consisting of adenosquamous cell carcinoma with squamous and neuroendocrine components.

Incidental Diagnosis of Nonfunctional Bladder Paraganglioma.

Nonfunctional bladder paragangliomas may present clinical, radiology and pathological features similar to bladder cancer, so knowledge of this generally benign neuroendocrine neoplasm is of great importance to avoid misdiagnosis. We present the case of a patient with no clinical symptoms of paraganglioma and with radiological and cystoscopy examination results suggestive of urothelial carcinoma but with pathological diagnosis of paraganglioma.

Incidental Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer in a 17-year-old Patient

Bladder cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer among males and the ninth most common cause of cancer death. Bladder cancer can occur at any age. This paper reports the incidental diagnosis of bladder cancer in a 17-year-old female patient. Data on bladder cancer at this age are uncommon in the literature.