Fernando R. Carvalho

Ichthyofauna of the rio Itatinga in the Parque das Neblinas, Bertioga, São Paulo State: composition and biogeography

Serra, J.P., Carvalho, F.R. & Langeani, F. Ichthyofauna of the rio Itatinga in the Parque das Neblinas, Bertioga, Sao Paulo state: composition and biogeography. Biota Neotrop. Jan/Apr 2007 vol. 7, no. 1 http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v7n1/pt/abstract?article+bn01707012007 ISSN 1676-0603. Little is known about the ichthyofauna from South American coastal plain, specially concerning the Mata Atlântica (Atlantic Forest) rivers and streams, as there are regions little explored which may have nondescribed or rare species. An example is the Parque das Neblinas, a Natural Patrimony Private Reserve (RPPN) in the Bertioga municipality, Sao Paulo state, where no ichthyofaunal study had been done before. The park’s hydrography is made up by the rio Itatinga with its various tributary streams, which flow into the Itapanhau river basin. Nine sites were sampled using sieves, seines and gill nets; 1,086 specimens of seven species, three orders and five families were captured. The most representative species were Astyanax paranae, Phalloceros caudimaculatus, and Coptobrycon bilineatus. Four of those collected are on the Brazilian list of endangered species: Coptobrycon bilineatus, Glandulocauda melanogenys, Pseudotocinclus tietensis, and Taunaya bifasciata; one, Trichomycterus sp., has an undefined taxonomic status, possibly being a non-described species. The richness of species found in the upper part of the rio Itatinga is typical of the Mata Atlântica headwaters, which can also be due to headwater capture of part of the upper rio Tiete. This is the first record of Coptobrycon bilineatus in the coastal drainage, hitherto restricted to the upper Parana river system. The distribution of Taunaya bifasciata and Pseudotocinclus tietensis is also extended. The fauna sharing found here confirms the biogeographical common history hypothesis among southeastern coastal and Brazilian Shield drainages.

Hyphessobrycon uaiso: new characid fish from the rio Grande, upper rio Paraná basin, Minas Gerais State (Ostariophysi: Characidae), with a brief comment about some types of Hyphessobrycon

is described from the upper rio Parana basin, rio Grande drainage, Minas Gerais State. The new speciesdiffers from its congeners by the short anal fin with 12-17 branched rays, and dorsal fin with ii,7-8 rays. Besides, it can bedistinguished by the presence of i,5-6 pelvic fin rays, and by the coloration of the eyes (in life), slightly blue on the lower halfand blackish on the upper half. New records of

The stream fish fauna from the rio Machado basin, Rondônia State, Brazil

The rio Machado (also known as Ji-Parana) is a tributary of the rio Madeira in the Amazon basin. Currently, the rio Madeira contains the greatest fish species richness of the world, with approximately 1,000 species. The present study presents the fish inventory from streams of the rio Machado basin. In total, 75 stream reaches, 80 meter-length, randomly selected, were sampled in 2011 (August to October) and 2012 (June to July). Overall, 22,875 fish in eight orders, 32 families, 89 genera, and 140 species were collected. Richness estimators indicate that almost 90% of the expected richness was registered. The great majority of specimens (52.2%) was represented by small sized piabas such as Serrapinnus aff. notomelas , Moenkhausia collettii , Serrapinnus microdon , and Hemigrammus melanochrous . Of the total richness, 25 species were restricted to 9°00’ S and 10°00’ S; among them, 14 were exclusive to the lower portion of the basin, which exhibits the larger proportion of native vegetation covering.

A new Hemigrammus Gill from upper rio Parana system, Southeastern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae)

Hemigrammus parana is described from the upper rio Paraná system, in the area of influence of the Ilha Solteira reservoir in states of Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais and São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. The new species differs from all congeners by the combination of the following characters: absence of humeral spot; presence of a roughly triangular or rectangular conspicuous black caudal spot, extending from base to tip of middle caudal-fin rays, its greatest depth at base of caudal-fin rays; and anal-fin rays iii–iv, 18–23.

Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

The type-species of Hyphessobrycon is redescribed and its osteology provided. Hyphessobrycon compressus is distinguished from its congeners by the 41-48 (mode 45) scales in the longitudinal series; 7-9 (mode 9) scales rows between the dorsal-fin origin and the lateral line, and absence of predorsal scales. Additional useful characters include the lack of spots on the body, a dorsal fin with a black spot, and an anal fin with two large, conspicuous hooks, and several other small hooks. Hyphessobrycon milleri is proposed as a junior synonym of H. compressus . The osteology of H. compressus is discussed in detail together with comments about phylogenetic relationships of Hyphessobrycon sensu stricto .

Redescription of Moenkhausia doceana(Steindachner, 1877) (Ostariophysi: Characiformes): a characid from the Northeastern Mata Atlântica ecoregion, Brazil

Moenkhausia doceana is redescribed from the Northeastern Mata Atlântica ecoregion drainages in Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, and Bahia states. The species is distinguished from its congeners by a long anal fin, with 29-34 (mode 32) branched rays; 4-7 (mode 5) maxillary teeth; and 7-8 (mode 7) scale rows above lateral line at dorsal-fin origin. Phylogenetic hypothesis about its relationships among the Characidae is also presented and commented.

First record of Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822) (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha), the “pirarucu”, in the upper Paraná River basin, Southeast Brazil

Arapaima gigas (Schinz), the “pirarucu”, is one of largest freshwater fish of the Neotropical region, naturally occurring in the Amazon, Essequibo, and Orinoco river basins. Herein, it is first recorded from the Grande River, in the upper Parana River basin. This record is based on the finding of one dead specimen on the left margin of the Grande River, and in situ observation of juveniles and adults in the river.

Actinopterygii, Characiformes, Characidae: Ectrepopterus uruguayensis (Fowler, 1943): new record for Argentina

Ectrepopterus uruguayensis Fowler was recently redescribed, with occurrence in lower tributaries of Rio de la Plata and lower Rio Uruguay, Uruguay. Herein its occurrence is extended and confirmed to Argentina, arroyo El Molino, in Uruguay Department, Entre Rios Province, Uruguay drainage.