Fi Souza

Contribution to the anatomical study of the corticoperiosteal flap of the medial femoral condyle

Objective: to perform the anatomical study, in cadavers, of the corticoperiosteal flap of the medial femoral condyle, based on the medial genicular artery, evaluating challenges in dissection and the topographic patterns. Materials and methods: fifteen limbs from eight cadavers were studied, ages ranging from 19 to 74 years old. They were placed at supine position, and a longitudinal incision on the medial face of the lower part of the thigh was performed, exposing medial vastus and sartorius muscles, with descendent genicular vessels being also exposed. The distance between the descendent genicular artery and the medial articular line of the knee, the diameter of the vessel, the length of the pedicle, and the presence of the fasciocutaneous branch and its location were analyzed. Results: the distance between the origin of the descendent genicular artery and the medial articular line of the knee ranged from 11.2cm to 14.5cm, with an average of 12.63cm. The mean artery diameter was 2.5mm (from 2.25mm to 2.75mm). The distance between the descendent genicular artery and the fasciocutaneous branch ranged from 1.0 to 1.5cm. The mean length of the vascular pedicle was 7.01cm, ranging from 5.6cm to 8.6cm. Conclusion: the corticoperiosteal flap of the medial femoral condyle of the knee is easy to dissect, presents a constant vascular pedicle, with average length of 7.0cm and diameter of 2.5mm, enabling it to be indicated for microsurgical transplants.

Contribuição ao estudo anatômico do retalho vascularizado corticoperiosteal do côndilo medial do fêmur

OBJECTIVE: to perform the anatomical study, in cadavers, of the corticoperiosteal flap of the medial femoral condyle, based on the medial genicular artery, evaluating challenges in dissection and the topographic patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: fifteen limbs from eight cadavers were studied, ages ranging from 19 to 74 years old. They were placed at supine position, and a longitudinal incision on the medial face of the lower part of the thigh was performed, exposing medial vastus and sartorius muscles, with descendent genicular vessels being also exposed. The distance between the descendent genicular artery and the medial articular line of the knee, the diameter of the vessel, the length of the pedicle, and the presence of the fasciocutaneous branch and its location were analyzed. RESULTS: the distance between the origin of the descendent genicular artery and the medial articular line of the knee ranged from 11.2cm to 14.5cm, with an average of 12.63cm. The mean artery diameter was 2.5mm (from 2.25mm to 2.75mm). The distance between the descendent genicular artery and the fasciocutaneous branch ranged from 1.0 to 1.5cm. The mean length of the vascular pedicle was 7.01cm, ranging from 5.6cm to 8.6cm. CONCLUSION: the corticoperiosteal flap of the medial femoral condyle of the knee is easy to dissect, presents a constant vascular pedicle, with average length of 7.0cm and diameter of 2.5mm, enabling it to be indicated for microsurgical transplants.

Estudo anatômico das artérias perfurantes do músculo gastrocnêmio medial

OBJETIVOS: Os autores apresentam os resultados da disseccao do feixe vascular do musculo gastrocnemio medial (MGM) e de suas arterias perfurantes, com o objetivo de contribuir anatomicamente para seu estudo. METODOS: Foram dissecadas 13 pecas englobando o joelho e perna (oito a direita e cinco a esquerda), de 13 cadaveres adultos (oito masculinos e cinco femininos), todos frescos. Foi realizado estudo anatomico e radiologico detalhado avaliando o padrao de distribuicao, trajeto, numero e comprimento da irrigacao do MGM e de suas arterias perfurantes. RESULTADO: Foi observado que a arteria sural medial (ASM) divide-se em dois troncos intramusculares principais (medial e lateral) e que em 90% dos casos as perfurantes provem do tronco lateral. Em 38,5% dos casos, foi identificada uma perfurante, ao passo que duas perfurantes sao observadas em 46,1% dos casos. Todas as arterias perfurantes estavam entre 5,7cm e 14,0cm da prega poplitea e entre 16,5cm e 34,0cm do maleolo medial. CONCLUSAO: A irrigacao do MGM pela ASM e suas arterias perfurantes faz-se adequada para sua utilizacao como retalho miocutâneo no membro inferior.