Flavio Martins Garcia Blanco

Persistência do herbicida sulfentrazone em solo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar

ABSTRACT PERSISTENCE OF THE HERBICIDA SULFENTRAZONE IN SOILCULTIVATED WITH SUGARCANE The objective here was to determine the behavior of sulfentrazone in sandy clay soil cultivatedwith sugar cane. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five replications and threetreatments of sulfentrazone (0.0, 0.6 and 1.2 kg ha -1 ), applied as pre-emergent. Samples of soil (0-10 cm),were regularly collected at 23 times between 0 and 704 days after treatment (DAT). The behavior ofsulfentrazone was evaluated by bioassays using sugar beet as test plant, and analysis indicated that forthe lower dose (0.6 kg ha -1 ), the herbicide persisted until 601 DAT. At the end of the test, 704 DAT, theherbicide still persisted for the dose of 1.2 kg ha -1 . The persistence of sulfentrazone in soil is long andproportional to applied dose. Key words: residue, bioassay, persistence, Saccharum sp . ( 1 ) Parte da Tese de doutorado do primeiro autor. Recebido para publicacao em13 de janeiro de 2007 e aceito em 15de novembro de 2009.(

Distribuição mensal da emergência de seis ervas daninhas em solos com e sem cultivos

In lhe period of October/l988 to December/1989 a research was carried out to study lhe emergence dynamics of six weeds through monthly samplings under four weed managements: destruction of lhe former flora by cultivation with harrow, harrow following compaction by soil roller, rotary harrow and use of a contact herbicide without soil disturbance. The results showed that lhe initial emergence in October is very high for Digitaria horizontalis, Brachiaria plantaginea, Bidens pilosa and Amaranthus viridis compared with lhe emergence in lhe following months and that cultivation management favored lhe emergence of these species. Eleusine indica and Eragrostis pilosa sbowed an emergence model with a peak in January and lack of soil disturbance increased the seedling emergence. lnterruption of plant growth by all management methods reduced lhe weed population in lhe next season.

Persistence of Herbicide Sulfentrazone in Soil Cultivated with Sugarcane and Soy and Effect on Crop Rotation

In the deployment of an agricultural area through a cultivation system, there are serious and significant changes in geomorphic subsystems, edaphic and biological, making them simpler (agroecosystem), compared with the ecosystem, this, a more complex system. This change results in drastic reduction of the self-regulatory system, making it more unstable and susceptible to energy inputs. One major consequence of this transformation is the excessive increase of some species of insects, microorganisms and nematodes populations, and wild plants in such a way as to significantly impair the production, making uneconomical the productive units, so, they are named as agricultural pests.

Persistência e lixiviação do herbicida simazina em solo barrento cultivado com milho

The soil persistence and leaching of simazine were investigated under field conditions at Campinas, SP, Brazil in a loamy podzol redyellow soil planted with corn crop. Simazine was applied at the rate of 3,0kg/ha a.i. at preemergence of weeds and corn on january, 14 1992. Gas chromatography analysis of soil samples taken at five different depths (0-10cm, 10-20cm, 20-30cm, 30-40cm and 40-50cm), eight times after simazine application over the year showed that the highest herbicide concentration was found at the 0-10cm layer; simazine residues were not found below 40cm soil depth and persistence curve of the herbicide was accounted for a 3rd. grade regression. One year after the treatment simazine residues were found in the soil (0,08 mg/kg).

Herbicide — Soil Interactions, Applied to Maize Crop Under Brazilian Conditions

Brazilian maize production is third in the world ranked behind United States and China. Currently, maize is one of the main crops in Brazil with annual grain yields around 57.5 million tons over a large area of production (13.8 million hectares). It is the most consumed cereal in the country under a variety of forms, in nature and processed food. The exportation volume estimate for 2012 is around 14 million tons, which corresponds to US

Eficácia e seletividade do herbicida propisochlor aplicado em pré e pós-emergência, isolado e em misturas, sobre diferentes híbridos de milho

2,766 billion income for Brazil [1].

Efeito do manejo do solo na emergência de plantas daninhas anuais

Foram realizados dois experimentos de campo para verificar a eficacia do herbicida propisochlor aplicado em pre e posemergencia no controle de plantas daninhas e a seletividade sobre quatro hibridos de milho. Os experimentos foram conduzidos no municipio de Engenheiro Coelho, SP, com os tratamentos em pre-ernergencia aplicados em 2 5/ 1 1/ 9 7 e os de pos-emergencia em 19 / 12/9 7 . Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de parcelas subdivididas em blocos ao acaso, com arranjo sistematico das parcelas principais (culti vares), com quatro repeticoes e os seguintes tratamentos: propisochlor (nas doses de 1008, 1080 e 1152 g/ha, propisochlor/atrazine (a 1008/1400, 1080/1400 e 1152/1400 g/ha), propisochlor +terbutylazine (a 1008+ 1800, 1080+ 1800 e 1152+ 1800 g/ha), acetochlor (2688 g/ha), metolachlor (1250 g/ha), atrazine (3500 g/ha), terbutylazine (3000 g/ha), uma testemunha sem capina e outra capinada para as avaliacoes de controle e seletividade, respectivamente. Os resultados demonstraram que O herbicida propisochlor isolado, ou em mistura com atrazine ou terbutylazine, controlou eficientemente as especies Brachiaria p l antaginea, Digitar i a h o ri z ontalis , El e u si n e i n d ic a , Am aranthu s vi rid is e B id en s pi l osa, ate 45 dias apos sua aplicacao em pre-emergencia das ervas. A especie B r a ch i ar ia d ecum b ens apresentou niveis de controle eficientes somente quando O propisochlor foi aplicado em mistura com atrazine ou terbutylazine. Aplicado em pos-emergencia, os niveis de controle de propisochlor isolado ou em mistura com os demais herbicidas foram insuficientes. Nao foram observados sintomas visuais de injurias nem reducao significativa no rendimento dos hibridos C-444, C-505, C-901 e C-909 por acao toxica do propisochlor, tanto isoladamente como em mistura formulada com atrazine ou em tanque com terbutylazine.