Floyd S. Daft

BIOTIN DEFICIENCY AND OTHER CHANGES IN RATS GIVEN SULFANILYLGUANIDINE OR SUCCINYL SULFATHIAZOLE IN PURIFIED DIETS.

The following pathological changes have been observed in rats given sulfaguanidine or sulfasuxidine in purified diets. 1. A granulocytopenia, leukopenia, hypocellularity of bone marrow and, occasionally, an anemia. 2. Hyalinization, necrosis and calcification of voluntary muscle. 3. Hyaline sclerosis and calcification of blood vessels. 4. A dermatitis which can be prevented or successfully treated with crystalline biotin. We have also observed necrosis of heart muscle, hemorrhage into various organs and subcutaneous tissues, and liver damage.

Granulocytopenia and Anemia in Rats Fed Diets of Low Casein Content

Severe granulocytopenia and anemia were developed uniformly in rats fed protein-free diets. Casein (18 per cent) prevented these dyscrasias, but crystalline L. casei factor (folic acid) did not prevent them. In the correction of granulocytopenia in rats fed protein-free diets, L. casei factor alone was only slightly effective, diets of higher casein content (18 or 30 per cent) were ineffective under the experimental conditions described. However, L. casei factor combined with an 18-per cent casein-containing diet or L. casei factor combined with a mixture of purified amino acids were found to be highly effective in correcting the granulocytopenia.

Dietary Granulocytopenia in Rats Corrected by Crystalline L. casei Factor (“Folic Acid”)

Summary 1. Granulocytopenia was observed in a small percentage of rats fed purified diets without sulfonamides. 2. Crystalline L. casei factor (“folic acid”) administered to 5 rats with granulocytopenia corrected the blood dyscrasia in every case. One or more relapses occurred in 3 of the rats. Crystalline L. casei factor (“folic acid”) corrected the granulocytopenia in relapse.

Vitamin E Deficiency in Rats Given Succinyl Sulfathiazole in Purified Diets

Conclusions (1) Hyalinization, necrosis and calcification of voluntary muscle occur in rats given succinyl sulfathiazole in certain purified diets. (2) These lesions may be prevented by the oral administration of α-tocopherol.

Dietary cirrhosis without ceroid in rats.

Conclusions 1. Hepatic cirrhosis without ceroid has been produced in rats by feeding certain purified diets. 2. The type of fat given to rats in low-choline, low-protein diets appears to have an important influence on the deposition of ceroid. It seems probable that some substance or substances which are present in cod liver oil causes the appearance of this pigment. We have not observed ceroid in rats receiving palmitric, stearic, oleic, linoleic, or linolenic acids. 3. Cirrhosis may be produced on a completely fat-free diet.

Granulocytopenia in rats given thiourea and thyroxin; the therapeutic effect of L. casei factor.

Summary Rats given thiourea in a purified diet develop anemia and, in lesser incidence, leucopenia. They also develop hemorrhage and necrosis of the adrenals. Animals which receive, concomitantly, thyroxin injections or thyroid powder become granulocytopenic and leucopenic, while the incidence of anemia and of adrenal hemorrhage and necrosis is greatly reduced. The granulocytopenia and leucopenia of these rats may be corrected by treatment with L. casei factor.