Francisco Díaz Bretones

EXISTE UNA CULTURA COOPERATIVA ORGANIZACIONAL EN TRABAJADORES COOPERATIVISTAS Y NO COOPERATIVISTAS

En este trabajo se explora si el tipo de cultura cooperativa influye en la estructura de valores personales. Asumiendo que los valores son elementos cambiantes, hipotetizamos que aquellas personas que trabajan en cooperativas desarrollaran perfiles de valores mas colectivistas que otros trabajadores de empresas no cooperativas, de manera que la cooperativa tendria una funcion formativa y de conformacion en el desarrollo de valores mas colectivistas hacia todos sus integrantes, frete a otro tipo de empresas. Para estudiar este problema de investigacion, llevamos a cabo una investigacion en dos empresas cooperativas y otras dos no cooperativas. En total se recogieron 148 cuestionarios (74 de trabajadores de cooperativas y 74 de no cooperativas). Los resultados muestran como ambos grupos poseen diferencias significativas aunque no el sentido esperado.

Housing, Lone Parenthood and Gender: A Qualitative Approach in Southern Europe

One of the most significant changes affecting family structures in Europe over the last few decades is the remarkable increase in the number of lone-parent families as a result of the dissolution of relationships. Housing is one of the primary needs that arises. Attitudes for coping with the situation are varied and are determined by a number of factors—legal/legislative framework, finances and employment, psycho-social factors—which all affect men and women differently in terms of housing. The main goal of this research is to address, from the gender perspective, the constraints, needs and preferences expressed by men and women who become lone parents as a result of separation. The paper has adopted a qualitative method based on discussion groups, including a sample of divorced or separated men and women living as lone parents in Southern Europe.

Spanish adaptation of the structural empowerment scale.

The present studys objective is to create a Spanish adaptation of the Conditions of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire II (CWEQ-II) by Laschinger, Finegan, Shamian, and Wilk (2004) in order to measure structural empowerment in an organizational context. To do so, this study was conducted in two distinct phases. In the first, a group of experts carried out a back-translation of the questionnaire and in the second phase, we analyzed the questionnaires internal structure (through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) and external validity. The resulting Spanish version of the questionnaire (CWEQ-S) demonstrated/exhibited good factor structure and good psychometric properties as far as reliability and validity are concerned.

Pushed or pulled? Entrepreneurial behaviour among immigrants as a strategy to cope with negative social identity

Migratory movements are one of the most remarkable demographic, social and psychological phenomena in today’s world. For the people involved, these migrations pose a radical change in environment and in their lives as they face adaptation to new perceptions, values and behaviours. All these lead to major challenges and repercussions for their personal and social identities. Using the Theory of Social Identity as our interpretative framework, together with a qualitative methodology based on semi-structured interviews, we have researched the entrepreneurial behaviour seen in 94 immigrants. We show the strategies adopted by these immigrants for personal mobility, social creativity and social competition to cope with the negative social identity derived from the occupational segregation and socio-labour exclusion they experience in the labour market and as mechanisms for psychosocial adaptation to the social, political, economic and labour characteristics in their environment.

Social and Cultural Influences among Mexican Border Entrepreneurs

Social and cultural conditions (including U.S. border and inland influence, role models within the family, and educational background) which affect locus of control and achievement motivation among Mexican entrepreneurs were explored among 64 selected entrepreneurs in two Mexican towns, one on the Mexico-U.S. border, the other located inland. Analyses showed that the border subsample scored higher on External locus of control; however, in both subsamples the father was an important element in the locus of control variable and the entrepreneur status. No statistically significant mean difference was noted for achievement motivation. Practical applications and limitations are discussed.