Francisco Ivison Rodrigues Limeira

In vitro antimicrobial activity of root canal sealers and calcium hydroxide paste

Aim: To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of different root canal sealers and calcium hydroxide (CH) paste. Materials and Methods: The sample was composed of two sealers (Fill Canal® and Sealer 26®), one CH cement (Hydro C®), and a CH paste. The agar diffusion test was performed in Petri dishes inoculated with the following microorganisms: Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mitis, Lactobacillus casei, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, and Candida tropicalis. The diameters of the zones of microbial growth inhibition were measured after 24 h. The tests were performed in triplicate. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukeys test at 5% significance level. Results: Fill Canal® exhibited the largest mean zone of microbial growth inhibition against the Candida species and differed significantly from the other groups (P < 0.001). When inhibition was observed against S. mitis and S. oralis, the CH paste presented a larger mean zone of microbial growth inhibition than those of the other materials (P < 0.05). Regarding the inhibition of S. mutans, a statistically significant difference was observed only between the CH paste and Hydro C® (P < 0.05); the paste produced the largest mean zone of microbial growth inhibition against this microorganism. Regarding the inhibition of S. salivarius, Fill Canal® presented smaller mean zone of microbial growth inhibition than Sealer 26® and CH paste (P < 0.05). Conclusion: All the materials presented zones of microbial growth inhibition against all the test bacteria. Fill Canal® presented the largest mean zone of inhibition against the Candida species. For the Streptococcus cultures, none of the sealers presented inhibition superior to that of the CH paste.

O ensino de gestão nos cursos de graduação em Odontologia no Brasil

This study aims to outline the teaching profile of management in undergraduate courses in Dentistry in Brazil. It is a transversal research with a quantitative approach using secondary data. The sample consisted of 327 Higher Education Institutions (HEI) that have undergraduate Dentistry courses enrolled in the Ministry of Education. The collection took place after consultation to the websites of the HEIs, from which the curricular matrices of the courses of Dentistry and their summary were analyzed. We observed the existence of curricular components that addressed the teaching of management. When present, the following information was collected: HEI region, HEI administrative category, nature of the curricular component, offered semester, workload, methodology used and nomenclature. Among the 327 undergraduate courses in Dentistry surveyed, only 27.83% offer management in their curricular matrices. Most curricular components are compulsory (74.72%), offered predominantly in eighth (25.28%) and ninth (24.17%) semesters, with a workload varying between 31 and 60 hours of classes (79.12%) and theoretical classes (60.31%). Thus, we concluded that management education is little explored by undergraduate courses in Dentistry in Brazil, making it necessary to include them in curricular matrices in order to prepare the dentist professional to work in the area of health management.

Decrease in Mandibular Cortical in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Combined with Poor Glycemic Control

In this study we analyzed the mandibular cortical bone of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and non-diabetic. Fifty patients with T1DM and 100 non-diabetic ones paired by age and gender were analyzed. Two double-blinded observers evaluated 150 digital panoramic images of both groups. The mandibular cortical bone was analyzed using the Mandibular Cortical Index (MCI), Mental Index (MI), Gonial Index (GI), Antegonial Index (AI) and Upper and Lower Panoramic Mandibular Indexes (UPMI and LPMI), with the aid of RADIOIMP® software. Influence of T1DM in the morphology of the mandibular cortical bone was studied based on obtaining data related to T1DM diagnosis time, blood glucose level, T1DM control and the presence of chronic complications. Collected data were submitted to descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential analyzes (Pearsons chi-squared test and Fishers exact test) (p≤0.05). According to the MCI, individuals with T1DM had higher frequencies of mandibular cortical alterations, in both sexes and all age groups (p<0.01). For quantitative indexes, MI, GI, AI, UPMI and LPMI, female patients showed statistically significant differences for GI and AI, while male patients had statistically significant differences for all indexes (p<0.05), presenting the individuals with TDM1 inferior measures. Individuals with poor T1DM control showed significantly higher frequency of mandibular cortical alteration (92.3%), with lower means for MI, GI, AI and LPMI (p≤0.05). In conclusion, patients with T1DM showed decrease in the mandibular cortical bone when compared to non-diabetic ones, indicating that poor disease control is associated with these alterations.

Radiographic evaluation of the dental condition of elderly people treated at a Brazilian public university

Aim: To assess the dental status of elderly patients examined in the clinical dentistry course of a Brazilian public university. Methods: An observational and descriptive study based on the analysis of panoramic radiographs. The sample consisted of 60 elderly patients who met the inclusion criteria. Two observers who had been trained in appropriate conditions performed the radiographic analysis. Data were stored in a specific form, recorded in a database and analyzed using descriptive statistics (measures of central tendency and variability) and inferential statistics (Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi-square analysis and calculation of the Cramer’s V coefficient). Results: Most patients had at least one tooth in the oral cavity (71.7%), while 28.3% were totally edentulous, an average of 10.5 teeth per individual. The average number of teeth was 11.36 in males and 9.89 in females. The number of healthy teeth was 328 (5.47 per patient). In this study, 88.3% of the subjects had periodontal bone loss, with prevalence of moderate (35.0%) and severe (28.3%) bone loss. Conclusions: Given the high incidence of edentulous individuals, the high number of restored teeth and poor periodontal conditions, it is concluded that the overall oral health status of the evaluated elderly subjects is poor.