Francisco J. Hernández
Carleton University
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Hispanic Research Journal-iberian and Latin American Studies | 2012
Francisco J. Hernández
Abstract The cloister portal of Burgos cathedral has always been recognized as one of the masterpieces of Spanish gothic art. And yet its sculptures and reliefs have never been satisfactorily explained. That is probably because its relationship to the rayonnant cloister behind it has not been taken into consideration, nor the events celebrated by that cloister. It is this paper’s contention that the sculptures found on the wall beyond the portal represent the 1219 wedding of Fernando III and Beatrix of Swabia in Burgos cathedral, that the fruits of their marriage may be seen in the four crowned youths who stand on the opposite pier, and that all of them exemplify the catechesis on Christian royal marriage proposed in the portal by figures showing Christ’s ancestors, incarnation, and baptism. It is also suggested here that Alfonso X, son of Fernando and Beatrix, commissioned the cloister as a didactic venue for the wedding of his son Fernando and his descendants; that King Alfonso arranged this second royal marriage to take place in Burgos on the fiftieth anniversary of the first, at the very same place and on the very same day; and, finally, that that the untimely demise of Infante Fernando, before he could inherit the Crown, skewed the cloister’s initial purpose and caused its meaning to be forgotten. The incidents related to the Infante’s funeral, interment, and tomb in Las Huelgas reveal how reality displaced the history Alfonso X had dreamed for his son and for his lineage. El portal del claustro de la catedral de Burgos ha sido considerado siempre como una obra maestra del gótico español. Su iconografía, sin embargo, nunca ha sido explicada satisfactoriamente. Eso quizá sea debido a que no se ha tenido en cuenta su relación con el claustro de estilo rayonnant ni con los acontecimientos e ideas que éste conmemora y proclama. Este trabajo pretende demostrar que las esculturas visibles en la pared después de cruzar el portal representan el casamiento de Fernando III y Beatriz de Suabia en Burgos y en 1219, que el fruto de su matrimonio está simbolizado en los cuatro jóvenes coronados que ocupan el pilar opuesto, y que todas esas figuras ejemplifican la lección sobre la esencia del matrimonio cristiano de los reyes propuesta antes en el portal con los antepasados, encarnación y bautismo de Cristo. También se sugiere aquí que Alfonso X, hijo de Fernando y Beatriz, encargó la construcción y decoración del claustro como escenario didáctico para el matrimonio de su hijo Fernando y de sus sucesores, que el mismo Alfonso planeó este casamiento para que coincidiese con el quincuagésimo aniversario del primero, en el mismo lugar y en el mismo día, y, finalmente, que la muerte prematura del infante, antes de heredar la corona, frustró el propósito inicial del claustro y facilitó el olvido de su significado original. Los incidentes posteriores relacionados con el funeral, entierro y tumba del infante en Las Huelgas de Burgos revelan cómo la realidad desplazó la historia que Alfonso X había soñado para su hijo y su linaje. Francisco Javier Hernández Sánchez is ‘Distinguished Research Professor’ [Emeritus] at Carleton University (Ottawa, Canada). He has discovered and published several books on material from the chancery of Sancho IV (Las rentas del rey, 2 vols 1993; another volume currently in press), has analysed the cartularies of Toledo cathedral (Los cartularios de Toledo, Toledo, 2nd ed, 1996), written about Spanish literary history (Poema de Mío Cid, Libro del caballero Zifar, Libro de buen amor), and about different aspects of medieval Spanish culture (Castilian kings, Toledo Mozarabs, Catalan Jews, and some archbishops). He has also explored the origins of written Spanish in several articles.
Archive | 2004
Francisco J. Hernández; Peter Linehan
Archive | 2012
Peter Linehan; Juan Miguel Valero Moreno; Ana Sáez Hidalgo; Francisco J. Hernández
Revista De Filologia Espanola | 2009
Francisco J. Hernández
The English Historical Review | 2016
Francisco J. Hernández
Archive | 2016
Francisco J. Hernández
Speculum | 2008
Francisco J. Hernández
Speculum | 2008
Francisco J. Hernández
Cahiers de linguistique et de civilisation hispaniques médiévales | 2003
Francisco J. Hernández
The Journal of Ecclesiastical History | 1990
Francisco J. Hernández